Written in the sixth century CE by the scholar Varahamihira, the Brihat Samhita is a remarkable Sanskrit encyclopedia that captures the scientific and artistic spirit of ancient India. Spanning over a hundred chapters, it covers astronomy, astrology, architecture, gemology, agriculture, and weather prediction. Varahamihira gathered centuries of careful observation into one practical guide for rulers, priests, and artisans. More than a reference book, it shows how ancient Indians viewed the sky, planned cities, and worked with nature. Today, it remains a clear window into early Indian science and a timeless reminder of how knowledge and tradition once walked together.