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विदुर उवाच । सप्तदशेमान्राजेन्द्र मनुः स्वायंभुवोऽब्रवीत् । वैचित्रवीर्य पुरुषानाकाशं मुष्टिभिर्घ्नतः ॥५-३७-१॥
Vidura said: O lord of kings, Svāyambhuva Manu described these seventeen kinds of persons—men who, as it were, strike the sky with their fists, pursuing futile conduct that turns back upon themselves.
english translation
तानेवेन्द्रस्य हि धनुरनाम्यं नमतोऽब्रवीत् । अथो मरीचिनः पादाननाम्यान्नमतस्तथा॥५-३७-२॥
He spoke of those who, though bowing, do not bend Indra’s bow; and likewise of those who bow yet do not truly bend at the feet of Marīci—images of persons whose deference is mere gesture, without genuine submission or moral correction.
english translation
यश्चाशिष्यं शासति यश्च कुप्यते यश्चातिवेलं भजते द्विषन्तम् । स्त्रियश्च योऽरक्षति भद्रमस्तु ते यश्चायाच्यं याचति यश्च कत्थते॥५-३७-३॥
And he spoke of one who disciplines a person unfit to be instructed; one who gives way to anger; one who associates excessively with an adversary; one who fails to protect women—may welfare be yours—and one who begs for what ought not be begged, and one who boasts.
english translation
यश्चाभिजातः प्रकरोत्यकार्यं यश्चाबलो बलिना नित्यवैरी । अश्रद्दधानाय च यो ब्रवीति यश्चाकाम्यं कामयते नरेन्द्र॥५-३७-४॥
And one who, though well-born, commits what ought not be done; one who, being weak, maintains constant enmity with the strong; one who speaks to a person lacking trust; and one who desires what ought not be desired, O king.
english translation
वध्वा हासं श्वशुरो यश्च मन्यते वध्वा वसन्नुत यो मानकामः । परक्षेत्रे निर्वपति यश्च बीजं स्त्रियं च यः परिवदतेऽतिवेलम्॥५-३७-५॥
And one who takes his daughter-in-law’s laughter as directed at himself; and one who, living with his daughter-in-law, seeks honor (or gratification). And one who sows seed in another’s field; and one who speaks excessively in disparagement of a woman.
english translation