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अफलाकाङ्क्षिभिर्यज्ञो विधिदृष्टो य इज्यते । यष्टव्यमेवेति मनः समाधाय स सात्त्विकः॥६-३९-११॥
A sacrifice performed according to prescribed procedure by those who seek no reward—undertaken with the settled conviction, “it ought to be done”—is sāttvika.
english translation
अभिसंधाय तु फलं दम्भार्थमपि चैव यत् । इज्यते भरतश्रेष्ठ तं यज्ञं विद्धि राजसम्॥६-३९-१२॥
But the sacrifice performed with an eye to its result, and also for the sake of display—know, O best of the Bhāratas, that sacrifice to be rājasa.
english translation
विधिहीनमसृष्टान्नं मन्त्रहीनमदक्षिणम् । श्रद्धाविरहितं यज्ञं तामसं परिचक्षते॥६-३९-१३॥
A sacrifice performed without the prescribed procedure, without proper distribution of food, without mantras, without dakṣiṇā (honoraria), and without faith is declared to be tāmasa.
english translation
देवद्विजगुरुप्राज्ञपूजनं शौचमार्जवम् । ब्रह्मचर्यमहिंसा च शारीरं तप उच्यते॥६-३९-१४॥
Reverence for the divine, for brāhmaṇas and the wise, for teachers and the discerning; purity, straightforwardness, the discipline of brahmacarya, and non-harm—these are called bodily austerity.
english translation
अनुद्वेगकरं वाक्यं सत्यं प्रियहितं च यत् । स्वाध्यायाभ्यसनं चैव वाङ्मयं तप उच्यते॥६-३९-१५॥
Speech that does not agitate, that is truthful, pleasant, and beneficial, and the sustained practice of svādhyāya (self-study)—this is called verbal austerity.
english translation