Sushruta Samhita

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न चायुर्वेदशास्त्रेषूपदिश्यन्ते सर्वगताः क्षेत्रज्ञा नित्याश्च; असर्वगतेषु च क्षेत्रज्ञेषु नित्यपुरुषख्यापकान् हेतूनुदाहरन्ति; आयुर्वेदशास्त्रेष्वसर्वगताः क्षेत्रज्ञा नित्याश्च, तिर्यग्योनिमानुषदेवेषु सञ्चरन्ति धर्माधर्मनिमित्तं; त एतेऽनुमानग्राह्याः परमसूक्ष्माश्चेतनावन्तः शाश्वता लोहितरेतसोः सन्निपातेष्वभिव्यज्यन्ते, यतोऽभिहितं- ‘पञ्चमहाभूतशरीरिसमवायः पुरुषः’ (सू.१) इति; स एष कर्मपुरुषश्चिकित्साधिकृतः ||१६||

sanskrit

In the Ayurvedic texts, it is not stated that all-pervading field-knowers are eternal; it is mentioned that in non-universal field-knowers, there are examples of eternal beings that have specific causes. In the Ayurvedic texts, non-universal field-knowers are said to wander among various births—human and divine—for the sake of dharma and adharma; these beings are subtle and eternal, appearing in the conjunctions of red essence, as stated: "The person is the composite of the five great elements" (Sutra 1); thus, this being is the agent of action and the one authorized for treatment.

english translation

hindi translation

na cAyurvedazAstreSUpadizyante sarvagatAH kSetrajJA nityAzca; asarvagateSu ca kSetrajJeSu nityapuruSakhyApakAn hetUnudAharanti; AyurvedazAstreSvasarvagatAH kSetrajJA nityAzca, tiryagyonimAnuSadeveSu saJcaranti dharmAdharmanimittaM; ta ete'numAnagrAhyAH paramasUkSmAzcetanAvantaH zAzvatA lohitaretasoH sannipAteSvabhivyajyante, yato'bhihitaM- ‘paJcamahAbhUtazarIrisamavAyaH puruSaH’ (sU.1) iti; sa eSa karmapuruSazcikitsAdhikRtaH ||16||

hk transliteration

तस्य सुखदुःखे इच्छाद्वेषौ प्रयत्नः प्राणापानावुन्मेषनिमेषौ बुद्धिर्मनः सङ्कल्पो विचारणा स्मृतिर्विज्ञानमध्यवसायो विषयोपलब्धिश्च गुणाः ||१७||

sanskrit

From this arise pleasure and pain, desires and aversions, effort, the upward and downward movements of prana, the movements of the eyes and the mind, determination, reflection, memory, discernment, firmness, the perception of objects, and the qualities.

english translation

hindi translation

tasya sukhaduHkhe icchAdveSau prayatnaH prANApAnAvunmeSanimeSau buddhirmanaH saGkalpo vicAraNA smRtirvijJAnamadhyavasAyo viSayopalabdhizca guNAH ||17||

hk transliteration

सात्त्विकास्तु- आनृशंस्यं संविभागरुचिता तितिक्षा सत्यं धर्म आस्तिक्यं ज्ञानं बुद्धिर्मेधा स्मृतिर्धृतिरनभिषङ्गश्च; राजसास्तु- दुःखबहुलताऽटनशीलताऽधृतिरहङ्कार आनृतिकत्वमकारुण्यं दम्भो मानो हर्षः कामः क्रोधश्च; तामसास्तु- विषादित्वं नास्तिक्यमधर्मशीलता बुद्धेर्निरोधोऽज्ञानं दुर्मेधस्त्वमकर्मशीलता निद्रालुत्वं चेति ||१८||

sanskrit

The qualities of sattva include: non-violence, enjoyment of distribution, tolerance, truthfulness, righteousness, faith, knowledge, intellect, memory, determination, and non-attachment. The qualities of rajas include: predominance of sorrow, restlessness, lack of determination, egoism, restlessness, cruelty, hypocrisy, pride, joy, desire, and anger. The qualities of tamas include: despair, disbelief, unrighteousness, obstruction of the intellect, ignorance, dullness, inactivity, and lethargy.

english translation

hindi translation

sAttvikAstu- AnRzaMsyaM saMvibhAgarucitA titikSA satyaM dharma AstikyaM jJAnaM buddhirmedhA smRtirdhRtiranabhiSaGgazca; rAjasAstu- duHkhabahulatA'TanazIlatA'dhRtirahaGkAra AnRtikatvamakAruNyaM dambho mAno harSaH kAmaH krodhazca; tAmasAstu- viSAditvaM nAstikyamadharmazIlatA buddhernirodho'jJAnaM durmedhastvamakarmazIlatA nidrAlutvaM ceti ||18||

hk transliteration

आन्तरिक्षाः- शब्दः शब्देन्द्रियं सर्वच्छिद्रसमूहो विविक्तता च; वायव्यास्तु- स्पर्शः स्पर्शेन्द्रियं सर्वचेष्टासमूहः सर्वशरीरस्पन्दनं लघुता च; तैजसास्तु- रूपं रूपेन्द्रियं वर्णः सन्तापो भ्राजिष्णुता पक्तिरमर्षस्तैक्ष्ण्यं शौर्यं च; आप्यास्तु- रसो रसनेन्द्रियं सर्वद्रवसमूहो गुरुता शैत्यं स्नेहो रेतश्च; पार्थिवास्तु- गन्धो गन्धेन्द्रियं सर्वमूर्तसमूहो गुरुता चेति ||१९||

sanskrit

The qualities of the elements are: for the ether, sound and the organ of hearing, the collective nature of all sound, and distinctiveness; for air, touch and the organ of touch, the collective nature of all movements, and lightness; for fire, form and the organ of sight, color, warmth, brightness, cooking, sharpness, valor; for water, taste and the organ of taste, the collective nature of all fluids, heaviness, coolness, moisture, and essence; for earth, smell and the organ of smell, the collective nature of all forms, and heaviness.

english translation

hindi translation

AntarikSAH- zabdaH zabdendriyaM sarvacchidrasamUho viviktatA ca; vAyavyAstu- sparzaH sparzendriyaM sarvaceSTAsamUhaH sarvazarIraspandanaM laghutA ca; taijasAstu- rUpaM rUpendriyaM varNaH santApo bhrAjiSNutA paktiramarSastaikSNyaM zauryaM ca; ApyAstu- raso rasanendriyaM sarvadravasamUho gurutA zaityaM sneho retazca; pArthivAstu- gandho gandhendriyaM sarvamUrtasamUho gurutA ceti ||19||

hk transliteration

तत्र सत्त्वबहुलमाकाशं, रजोबहुलो वायुः, सत्त्वरजोबहुलोऽग्निः, सत्त्वतमोबहुला आपः, तमोबहुला पृथिवीति ||२०||

sanskrit

There, ether is predominantly sattva, air is predominantly rajas, fire is predominantly a combination of sattva and rajas, water is predominantly a combination of sattva and tamas, and earth is predominantly tamas.

english translation

hindi translation

tatra sattvabahulamAkAzaM, rajobahulo vAyuH, sattvarajobahulo'gniH, sattvatamobahulA ApaH, tamobahulA pRthivIti ||20||

hk transliteration