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न हि देहभृता शक्यं त्यक्तुं कर्माण्यशेषतः । यस्तु कर्मफलत्यागी स त्यागीत्यभिधीयते॥६-४०-११॥
For embodied beings it is not possible to abandon actions entirely. But one who renounces the fruits of action is called a renouncer.
english translation
अनिष्टमिष्टं मिश्रं च त्रिविधं कर्मणः फलम् । भवत्यत्यागिनां प्रेत्य न तु संन्यासिनां क्वचित्॥६-४०-१२॥
The fruit of action is threefold—undesired, desired, and mixed—and it accrues after death to those who do not renounce; but not, at any time, to renouncers.
english translation
पञ्चैतानि महाबाहो कारणानि निबोध मे । सांख्ये कृतान्ते प्रोक्तानि सिद्धये सर्वकर्मणाम्॥६-४०-१३॥
Learn from me, O mighty-armed one, these five causal factors, declared in Sāṃkhya and in the established doctrine, for the accomplishment of all actions.
english translation
अधिष्ठानं तथा कर्ता करणं च पृथग्विधम् । विविधाश्च पृथक्चेष्टा दैवं चैवात्र पञ्चमम्॥६-४०-१४॥
The basis (body and situational ground), the agent, the instruments of various kinds, the diverse and distinct activities, and destiny/contingency as the fifth—these are the factors here.
english translation
शरीरवाङ्मनोभिर्यत्कर्म प्रारभते नरः । न्याय्यं वा विपरीतं वा पञ्चैते तस्य हेतवः॥६-४०-१५॥
Whatever action a person undertakes through body, speech, and mind—whether in accord with dharma or contrary to it—has five causal factors behind it.
english translation