Sushruta Samhita

siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/24/6

सङ्घातबलप्रवृत्ता य आगन्तवो दुर्बलस्य बलवद्विग्रहात्; तेऽपि द्विविधाः- शस्त्रकृता, व्यालकृताश्च | एते आधिभौतिकाः ||६||

sanskrit

Samghata-bala-pravritta (Traumatic) Diseases: These diseases are caused by external injuries or trauma. They are categorized into two types: Shastrakrita: Caused by surgical procedures. Vyalakrita: Caused by bites from fierce animals or poisonous reptiles. These fall under the category of Adhibhautika (physical) diseases.

english translation

hindi translation

saGghAtabalapravRttA ya Agantavo durbalasya balavadvigrahAt; te'pi dvividhAH- zastrakRtA, vyAlakRtAzca | ete AdhibhautikAH ||6||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/24/7

कालबलप्रवृत्ता ये शीतोष्णवातवर्षातपप्रभृतिनिमित्ताः; तेऽपि द्विविधाः- व्यापन्नर्तुकृताः, अव्यापन्नर्तुकृताश्च | दैवबलप्रवृता ये देवद्रोहादभिशप्तका अथर्वणकृता उपसर्गजाश्च; तेऽपि द्विविधाः- विद्युदशनिकृताः, पिशाचादिकृताश्च; पुनश्च द्विविधाः- संसर्गजा , आकस्मिकाश्च | स्वभावबलप्रवृत्ता ये क्षुत्पिपासाजरामृत्युनिद्राप्रभृतयः; तेऽपि द्विविधाः- कालजा, अकालजाश्च; तत्र परिरक्षणकृताः कालजाः, अपरिरक्षणकृता अकालजाः | एते आधिदैविकाः | अत्र सर्वव्याध्यवरोधः ||७||

sanskrit

Kala-bala-pravritta (Periodical) Diseases: These diseases arise from seasonal changes and environmental factors such as cold, heat, wind, rain, or sun. They are classified into two types: Vyapanna-rtukrita: Diseases that occur in a particular season. Avyapanna-rtukrita: Diseases that do not adhere to any specific season. Daiva-bala-pravritta (Providential) Diseases: These diseases result from divine displeasure or curses and are caused by mystic spells or charms. They are classified into two types: Vidyu-dashanika: Caused by lightning. Pishacha-adika: Caused by malevolent spirits and similar entities. Additionally, they are categorized into two sub-types: Samsargaja: Contagious or transmitted diseases. Aakasmika: Accidental or spontaneous diseases. Svabhava-bala-pravritta (Natural or Spontaneous) Diseases: These are natural phenomena such as hunger, thirst, old age, and death. They are divided into two types: Kala-ja: Occurring at the proper time (timely). Akaal-ja: Occurring at an improper time (prematurely). The Kala-ja diseases include those that occur due to improper maintenance of health, while Akaal-ja diseases result from poor health practices.

english translation

hindi translation

kAlabalapravRttA ye zItoSNavAtavarSAtapaprabhRtinimittAH; te'pi dvividhAH- vyApannartukRtAH, avyApannartukRtAzca | daivabalapravRtA ye devadrohAdabhizaptakA atharvaNakRtA upasargajAzca; te'pi dvividhAH- vidyudazanikRtAH, pizAcAdikRtAzca; punazca dvividhAH- saMsargajA , AkasmikAzca | svabhAvabalapravRttA ye kSutpipAsAjarAmRtyunidrAprabhRtayaH; te'pi dvividhAH- kAlajA, akAlajAzca; tatra parirakSaNakRtAH kAlajAH, aparirakSaNakRtA akAlajAH | ete AdhidaivikAH | atra sarvavyAdhyavarodhaH ||7||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/24/8

सर्वेषां च व्याधीनां वातपित्तश्लेष्माण एव मूलं; तल्लिङ्गत्वाद्दृष्टफलत्वादागमाच्च | यथा हि कृत्स्नं विकारजातं विश्वरूपेणावस्थितं सत्त्वरजस्तमांसि न व्यतिरिच्यन्ते, एवमेव कृत्स्नं विकारजातं विश्वरूपेणावस्थितमव्यतिरिच्य वातपित्तश्लेष्माणो वर्तन्ते | दोषधातुमलसंसर्गादायतनविशेषान्निमित्ततश्चैषां विकल्पः | दोषदूषितेष्वत्यर्थं धातुषु सञ्ज्ञा- रसजोऽयं, शोणितजोऽयं, मांसजोऽयं, मेदोजोऽयं, अस्थिजोऽयं मज्जजोऽयं, शुक्रजोऽयं व्याधिरिति ||८||

sanskrit

Root of All Diseases: All diseases ultimately stem from the three bodily humours—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. This is because the symptoms and manifestations of all diseases can be traced back to these humours. Just as the three fundamental qualities—Sattva, Rajas, and Tamas—are inseparable and universally present in all forms of bodily and mental states, the three humours (Vata, Pitta, and Kapha) also underlie all forms of disease, influencing their nature and effects. The differentiation of diseases is based on their association with these doshas (humours), dhatus (tissues), and malas (wastes). The diseases are classified according to the specific combination of doshas involved: Rasa-ja: Diseases originating from the lymph-chyle (Rasa). Rakta-ja: Diseases originating from the blood (Rakta). Mamsa-ja: Diseases originating from the flesh (Mamsa). Medo-ja: Diseases originating from the fat (Meda). Asthi-ja: Diseases originating from the bones (Asthi). Majja-ja: Diseases originating from the marrow (Majja). Shukra-ja: Diseases originating from the semen (Shukra).

english translation

hindi translation

sarveSAM ca vyAdhInAM vAtapittazleSmANa eva mUlaM; talliGgatvAddRSTaphalatvAdAgamAcca | yathA hi kRtsnaM vikArajAtaM vizvarUpeNAvasthitaM sattvarajastamAMsi na vyatiricyante, evameva kRtsnaM vikArajAtaM vizvarUpeNAvasthitamavyatiricya vAtapittazleSmANo vartante | doSadhAtumalasaMsargAdAyatanavizeSAnnimittatazcaiSAM vikalpaH | doSadUSiteSvatyarthaM dhAtuSu saJjJA- rasajo'yaM, zoNitajo'yaM, mAMsajo'yaM, medojo'yaM, asthijo'yaM majjajo'yaM, zukrajo'yaM vyAdhiriti ||8||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/24/9

तत्र, अन्नाश्रद्धारोचकाविपाकाङ्गमर्दज्वरहृल्लासतृप्तिगौरवहृत्पाण्डुरोगमार्गोपरोधकार्श्यवैरस्याङ्गसादाकालजवलीपलितदर्शनप्रभृतयो रसदोषजा विकाराः; कुष्ठविसर्पपिडकामशकनीलिकातिलकालकन्यच्छव्यङ्गेन्द्रलुप्तप्लीहविद्रधिगुल्मवातशोणितार्शोऽर्बुदाङ्गमर्दासृग्दररक्तपित्तप्रभृतयो रक्तदोषजाः , गुदमुखमेढ्रपाकाश्च; अधिमांसार्बुदार्शोऽधिजिह्वोपजिह्वोपकुशगलशुण्डिकालजीमांससङ्घातौष्ठप्रकोपगलगण्डगण्डमालाप्रभृतयो मांसदोषजाः; ग्रन्थिवृद्धिगलगण्डार्बुदमेदोजौष्ठप्रकोपमधुमेहातिस्थौल्यातिस्वेदप्रभृतयो मेदोदोषजाः; अध्यस्थ्यधिदन्तास्थितोदशूलकुनखप्रभृतयोऽस्थिदोषजाः; तमोदर्शनमूर्च्छाभ्रमपर्वस्थूलमूलारुर्जन्मनेत्राभिष्यन्दप्रभृतयो मज्जदोषजाः; क्लैब्याप्रहर्षशुक्राश्मरीशुक्रमेहशुक्रदोषादयश्च तद्दोषाः; त्वग्दोषाः सङ्गोऽतिप्रवृत्तिरयथाप्रवृत्तिर्वा मलायतनदोषाः; इन्द्रियाणामप्रवृत्तिरयथाप्रवृत्तिर्वेन्द्रियायतनदोषाः; इत्येष समास उक्तः; विस्तरं निमित्तानि चैषां प्रतिरोगं वक्ष्यामः ||९||

sanskrit

Diseases Caused by Humours: Rasa-dosha (related to lymph): Diseases such as lack of appetite, indigestion, heaviness, fever, fatigue, jaundice, and loss of strength are caused by imbalances in the rasa-dosha. These include issues like dullness, exhaustion, and poor digestion. Rakta-dosha (related to blood): Conditions such as leprosy, skin diseases, ulcers, bleeding disorders, and abscesses are attributed to imbalances in the rakta-dosha. It involves blood-related disorders and their symptoms. Mamsa-dosha (related to flesh): Diseases such as tumors, growths, and abscesses in the flesh or muscle tissues, and conditions like gum problems and swelling are caused by mamsa-dosha imbalances. It affects the fleshy parts of the body. Meda-dosha (related to fat): Conditions like obesity, excessive sweating, and diabetes are attributed to imbalances in the meda-dosha. It involves disorders related to the fat tissues. Asthi-dosha (related to bones): Disorders such as bone pain, fractures, and joint issues arise from asthi-dosha imbalances. It affects the skeletal system. Majja-dosha (related to marrow): Diseases such as neurological disorders, brain issues, and spinal problems are caused by imbalances in the majja-dosha. It pertains to the bone marrow and nervous system. Shukra-dosha (related to semen): Conditions such as infertility, low sexual vigor, and other reproductive health issues are caused by imbalances in the shukra-dosha. Twak-dosha (related to skin): Skin problems, including excessive dryness or oiliness, and other skin disorders are caused by imbalances in the twak-dosha. Indriya-dosha (related to senses): Problems with sensory organs and their functions are attributed to imbalances in the indriya-dosha.

english translation

hindi translation

tatra, annAzraddhArocakAvipAkAGgamardajvarahRllAsatRptigauravahRtpANDurogamArgoparodhakArzyavairasyAGgasAdAkAlajavalIpalitadarzanaprabhRtayo rasadoSajA vikArAH; kuSThavisarpapiDakAmazakanIlikAtilakAlakanyacchavyaGgendraluptaplIhavidradhigulmavAtazoNitArzo'rbudAGgamardAsRgdararaktapittaprabhRtayo raktadoSajAH , gudamukhameDhrapAkAzca; adhimAMsArbudArzo'dhijihvopajihvopakuzagalazuNDikAlajImAMsasaGghAtauSThaprakopagalagaNDagaNDamAlAprabhRtayo mAMsadoSajAH; granthivRddhigalagaNDArbudamedojauSThaprakopamadhumehAtisthaulyAtisvedaprabhRtayo medodoSajAH; adhyasthyadhidantAsthitodazUlakunakhaprabhRtayo'sthidoSajAH; tamodarzanamUrcchAbhramaparvasthUlamUlArurjanmanetrAbhiSyandaprabhRtayo majjadoSajAH; klaibyApraharSazukrAzmarIzukramehazukradoSAdayazca taddoSAH; tvagdoSAH saGgo'tipravRttirayathApravRttirvA malAyatanadoSAH; indriyANAmapravRttirayathApravRttirvendriyAyatanadoSAH; ityeSa samAsa uktaH; vistaraM nimittAni caiSAM pratirogaM vakSyAmaH ||9||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/24/10

भवति चात्र- कुपितानां हि दोषाणां शरीरे परिधावताम् | यत्र सङ्गः खवैगुण्याद्व्याधिस्तत्रोपजायते ||१०||

sanskrit

Indeed, when the doshas (humours) become aggravated in the body and move around, diseases arise at the places where the doshas accumulate due to their inherent qualities.

english translation

hindi translation

bhavati cAtra- kupitAnAM hi doSANAM zarIre paridhAvatAm | yatra saGgaH khavaiguNyAdvyAdhistatropajAyate ||10||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/24/6

सङ्घातबलप्रवृत्ता य आगन्तवो दुर्बलस्य बलवद्विग्रहात्; तेऽपि द्विविधाः- शस्त्रकृता, व्यालकृताश्च | एते आधिभौतिकाः ||६||

sanskrit

Samghata-bala-pravritta (Traumatic) Diseases: These diseases are caused by external injuries or trauma. They are categorized into two types: Shastrakrita: Caused by surgical procedures. Vyalakrita: Caused by bites from fierce animals or poisonous reptiles. These fall under the category of Adhibhautika (physical) diseases.

english translation

hindi translation

saGghAtabalapravRttA ya Agantavo durbalasya balavadvigrahAt; te'pi dvividhAH- zastrakRtA, vyAlakRtAzca | ete AdhibhautikAH ||6||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/24/7

कालबलप्रवृत्ता ये शीतोष्णवातवर्षातपप्रभृतिनिमित्ताः; तेऽपि द्विविधाः- व्यापन्नर्तुकृताः, अव्यापन्नर्तुकृताश्च | दैवबलप्रवृता ये देवद्रोहादभिशप्तका अथर्वणकृता उपसर्गजाश्च; तेऽपि द्विविधाः- विद्युदशनिकृताः, पिशाचादिकृताश्च; पुनश्च द्विविधाः- संसर्गजा , आकस्मिकाश्च | स्वभावबलप्रवृत्ता ये क्षुत्पिपासाजरामृत्युनिद्राप्रभृतयः; तेऽपि द्विविधाः- कालजा, अकालजाश्च; तत्र परिरक्षणकृताः कालजाः, अपरिरक्षणकृता अकालजाः | एते आधिदैविकाः | अत्र सर्वव्याध्यवरोधः ||७||

sanskrit

Kala-bala-pravritta (Periodical) Diseases: These diseases arise from seasonal changes and environmental factors such as cold, heat, wind, rain, or sun. They are classified into two types: Vyapanna-rtukrita: Diseases that occur in a particular season. Avyapanna-rtukrita: Diseases that do not adhere to any specific season. Daiva-bala-pravritta (Providential) Diseases: These diseases result from divine displeasure or curses and are caused by mystic spells or charms. They are classified into two types: Vidyu-dashanika: Caused by lightning. Pishacha-adika: Caused by malevolent spirits and similar entities. Additionally, they are categorized into two sub-types: Samsargaja: Contagious or transmitted diseases. Aakasmika: Accidental or spontaneous diseases. Svabhava-bala-pravritta (Natural or Spontaneous) Diseases: These are natural phenomena such as hunger, thirst, old age, and death. They are divided into two types: Kala-ja: Occurring at the proper time (timely). Akaal-ja: Occurring at an improper time (prematurely). The Kala-ja diseases include those that occur due to improper maintenance of health, while Akaal-ja diseases result from poor health practices.

english translation

hindi translation

kAlabalapravRttA ye zItoSNavAtavarSAtapaprabhRtinimittAH; te'pi dvividhAH- vyApannartukRtAH, avyApannartukRtAzca | daivabalapravRtA ye devadrohAdabhizaptakA atharvaNakRtA upasargajAzca; te'pi dvividhAH- vidyudazanikRtAH, pizAcAdikRtAzca; punazca dvividhAH- saMsargajA , AkasmikAzca | svabhAvabalapravRttA ye kSutpipAsAjarAmRtyunidrAprabhRtayaH; te'pi dvividhAH- kAlajA, akAlajAzca; tatra parirakSaNakRtAH kAlajAH, aparirakSaNakRtA akAlajAH | ete AdhidaivikAH | atra sarvavyAdhyavarodhaH ||7||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/24/8

सर्वेषां च व्याधीनां वातपित्तश्लेष्माण एव मूलं; तल्लिङ्गत्वाद्दृष्टफलत्वादागमाच्च | यथा हि कृत्स्नं विकारजातं विश्वरूपेणावस्थितं सत्त्वरजस्तमांसि न व्यतिरिच्यन्ते, एवमेव कृत्स्नं विकारजातं विश्वरूपेणावस्थितमव्यतिरिच्य वातपित्तश्लेष्माणो वर्तन्ते | दोषधातुमलसंसर्गादायतनविशेषान्निमित्ततश्चैषां विकल्पः | दोषदूषितेष्वत्यर्थं धातुषु सञ्ज्ञा- रसजोऽयं, शोणितजोऽयं, मांसजोऽयं, मेदोजोऽयं, अस्थिजोऽयं मज्जजोऽयं, शुक्रजोऽयं व्याधिरिति ||८||

sanskrit

Root of All Diseases: All diseases ultimately stem from the three bodily humours—Vata, Pitta, and Kapha. This is because the symptoms and manifestations of all diseases can be traced back to these humours. Just as the three fundamental qualities—Sattva, Rajas, and Tamas—are inseparable and universally present in all forms of bodily and mental states, the three humours (Vata, Pitta, and Kapha) also underlie all forms of disease, influencing their nature and effects. The differentiation of diseases is based on their association with these doshas (humours), dhatus (tissues), and malas (wastes). The diseases are classified according to the specific combination of doshas involved: Rasa-ja: Diseases originating from the lymph-chyle (Rasa). Rakta-ja: Diseases originating from the blood (Rakta). Mamsa-ja: Diseases originating from the flesh (Mamsa). Medo-ja: Diseases originating from the fat (Meda). Asthi-ja: Diseases originating from the bones (Asthi). Majja-ja: Diseases originating from the marrow (Majja). Shukra-ja: Diseases originating from the semen (Shukra).

english translation

hindi translation

sarveSAM ca vyAdhInAM vAtapittazleSmANa eva mUlaM; talliGgatvAddRSTaphalatvAdAgamAcca | yathA hi kRtsnaM vikArajAtaM vizvarUpeNAvasthitaM sattvarajastamAMsi na vyatiricyante, evameva kRtsnaM vikArajAtaM vizvarUpeNAvasthitamavyatiricya vAtapittazleSmANo vartante | doSadhAtumalasaMsargAdAyatanavizeSAnnimittatazcaiSAM vikalpaH | doSadUSiteSvatyarthaM dhAtuSu saJjJA- rasajo'yaM, zoNitajo'yaM, mAMsajo'yaM, medojo'yaM, asthijo'yaM majjajo'yaM, zukrajo'yaM vyAdhiriti ||8||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/24/9

तत्र, अन्नाश्रद्धारोचकाविपाकाङ्गमर्दज्वरहृल्लासतृप्तिगौरवहृत्पाण्डुरोगमार्गोपरोधकार्श्यवैरस्याङ्गसादाकालजवलीपलितदर्शनप्रभृतयो रसदोषजा विकाराः; कुष्ठविसर्पपिडकामशकनीलिकातिलकालकन्यच्छव्यङ्गेन्द्रलुप्तप्लीहविद्रधिगुल्मवातशोणितार्शोऽर्बुदाङ्गमर्दासृग्दररक्तपित्तप्रभृतयो रक्तदोषजाः , गुदमुखमेढ्रपाकाश्च; अधिमांसार्बुदार्शोऽधिजिह्वोपजिह्वोपकुशगलशुण्डिकालजीमांससङ्घातौष्ठप्रकोपगलगण्डगण्डमालाप्रभृतयो मांसदोषजाः; ग्रन्थिवृद्धिगलगण्डार्बुदमेदोजौष्ठप्रकोपमधुमेहातिस्थौल्यातिस्वेदप्रभृतयो मेदोदोषजाः; अध्यस्थ्यधिदन्तास्थितोदशूलकुनखप्रभृतयोऽस्थिदोषजाः; तमोदर्शनमूर्च्छाभ्रमपर्वस्थूलमूलारुर्जन्मनेत्राभिष्यन्दप्रभृतयो मज्जदोषजाः; क्लैब्याप्रहर्षशुक्राश्मरीशुक्रमेहशुक्रदोषादयश्च तद्दोषाः; त्वग्दोषाः सङ्गोऽतिप्रवृत्तिरयथाप्रवृत्तिर्वा मलायतनदोषाः; इन्द्रियाणामप्रवृत्तिरयथाप्रवृत्तिर्वेन्द्रियायतनदोषाः; इत्येष समास उक्तः; विस्तरं निमित्तानि चैषां प्रतिरोगं वक्ष्यामः ||९||

sanskrit

Diseases Caused by Humours: Rasa-dosha (related to lymph): Diseases such as lack of appetite, indigestion, heaviness, fever, fatigue, jaundice, and loss of strength are caused by imbalances in the rasa-dosha. These include issues like dullness, exhaustion, and poor digestion. Rakta-dosha (related to blood): Conditions such as leprosy, skin diseases, ulcers, bleeding disorders, and abscesses are attributed to imbalances in the rakta-dosha. It involves blood-related disorders and their symptoms. Mamsa-dosha (related to flesh): Diseases such as tumors, growths, and abscesses in the flesh or muscle tissues, and conditions like gum problems and swelling are caused by mamsa-dosha imbalances. It affects the fleshy parts of the body. Meda-dosha (related to fat): Conditions like obesity, excessive sweating, and diabetes are attributed to imbalances in the meda-dosha. It involves disorders related to the fat tissues. Asthi-dosha (related to bones): Disorders such as bone pain, fractures, and joint issues arise from asthi-dosha imbalances. It affects the skeletal system. Majja-dosha (related to marrow): Diseases such as neurological disorders, brain issues, and spinal problems are caused by imbalances in the majja-dosha. It pertains to the bone marrow and nervous system. Shukra-dosha (related to semen): Conditions such as infertility, low sexual vigor, and other reproductive health issues are caused by imbalances in the shukra-dosha. Twak-dosha (related to skin): Skin problems, including excessive dryness or oiliness, and other skin disorders are caused by imbalances in the twak-dosha. Indriya-dosha (related to senses): Problems with sensory organs and their functions are attributed to imbalances in the indriya-dosha.

english translation

hindi translation

tatra, annAzraddhArocakAvipAkAGgamardajvarahRllAsatRptigauravahRtpANDurogamArgoparodhakArzyavairasyAGgasAdAkAlajavalIpalitadarzanaprabhRtayo rasadoSajA vikArAH; kuSThavisarpapiDakAmazakanIlikAtilakAlakanyacchavyaGgendraluptaplIhavidradhigulmavAtazoNitArzo'rbudAGgamardAsRgdararaktapittaprabhRtayo raktadoSajAH , gudamukhameDhrapAkAzca; adhimAMsArbudArzo'dhijihvopajihvopakuzagalazuNDikAlajImAMsasaGghAtauSThaprakopagalagaNDagaNDamAlAprabhRtayo mAMsadoSajAH; granthivRddhigalagaNDArbudamedojauSThaprakopamadhumehAtisthaulyAtisvedaprabhRtayo medodoSajAH; adhyasthyadhidantAsthitodazUlakunakhaprabhRtayo'sthidoSajAH; tamodarzanamUrcchAbhramaparvasthUlamUlArurjanmanetrAbhiSyandaprabhRtayo majjadoSajAH; klaibyApraharSazukrAzmarIzukramehazukradoSAdayazca taddoSAH; tvagdoSAH saGgo'tipravRttirayathApravRttirvA malAyatanadoSAH; indriyANAmapravRttirayathApravRttirvendriyAyatanadoSAH; ityeSa samAsa uktaH; vistaraM nimittAni caiSAM pratirogaM vakSyAmaH ||9||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/24/10

भवति चात्र- कुपितानां हि दोषाणां शरीरे परिधावताम् | यत्र सङ्गः खवैगुण्याद्व्याधिस्तत्रोपजायते ||१०||

sanskrit

Indeed, when the doshas (humours) become aggravated in the body and move around, diseases arise at the places where the doshas accumulate due to their inherent qualities.

english translation

hindi translation

bhavati cAtra- kupitAnAM hi doSANAM zarIre paridhAvatAm | yatra saGgaH khavaiguNyAdvyAdhistatropajAyate ||10||

hk transliteration