Natyashastra
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यथा - भूताधिपतिं भगनेत्रहरणम् ईशं देवैर्वन्द्यं सुरमखमथनं रौद्रं भयदं गजचर्मपटम् । शम्भुं त्र्यक्षं ज्वलननिभजटं भुजङ्गपरिकरं त्रिदशगणवृतं दैत्यैर्नित्यं परिपठितचरितम् । अमरपतिनमितम् अभिमतसुखदं रुद्रं पीतं पितृवननिलयं गङ्गाप्लावितशोभनजटम् । तं शरणं गतोस्मि वरदं च महेश्वरम् ॥ १०६॥
I have come to take refuge with Maheśvara, the giver of boons, the lord of creatures, who took out Bhaga’s eyes, who is adorable to the gods, who destroys the sacrifice of the gods, who is terrible and fearful, who wears the hide of an elephant, who is the source of bliss, who is three-eyed and has matted hairs shining like fire, and who has serpents as his girdle, who is surrounded by gods, whose exploits are always recited by the Daityas, who is bowed to by the lord of gods, who gives one pleasures of one’s own choice, who is terrible, yellow, and is a dweller of the cremation ground, and whose beautiful matted hairs are soaked in water of the Ganges.
english translation
yathA - bhUtAdhipatiM bhaganetraharaNam IzaM devairvandyaM suramakhamathanaM raudraM bhayadaM gajacarmapaTam । zambhuM tryakSaM jvalananibhajaTaM bhujaGgaparikaraM tridazagaNavRtaM daityairnityaM paripaThitacaritam । amarapatinamitam abhimatasukhadaM rudraM pItaM pitRvananilayaM gaGgAplAvitazobhanajaTam । taM zaraNaM gatosmi varadaM ca mahezvaram ॥ 106॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptकार्याः षोडश युग्माख्ये ताले तु प्रथमे गणाः । चतुर्विंशतिरोजाख्ये द्वितीये वसुसञ्ज्ञिते ॥ चतुर्विंशतिरर्धं च तृतीये वसुसञ्ज्ञिके । ज्येष्ठेष्वासारिते कार्य एवमक्षरसञ्चयः ॥ १०७॥
There should be first the Cañcatpuṭaḥ (= yugma) Tāla of sixteen gaṇas, next the Cāpapuṭaḥ (oja) Tāla of twenty-four gaṇas, and in the third there should be twenty-four gaṇas and a half. These is the arrangement of syllables in the long Āsārita.
english translation
kAryAH SoDaza yugmAkhye tAle tu prathame gaNAH । caturviMzatirojAkhye dvitIye vasusaJjJite ॥ caturviMzatirardhaM ca tRtIye vasusaJjJike । jyeSTheSvAsArite kArya evamakSarasaJcayaH ॥ 107॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptयथा- अमरप्रवरं मदनाङ्गहरं भुवनैकनाथमभयप्रदं त्रिपुरान्तकरं देवं तमहं प्रणतः सुरपितृगणनतचरणं पृथिवीसलिलज्वलनभैरवरूपं खट्वाङ्गकपालधारं पवनः सूर्यश्चन्द्रो यजारमाप्योमाख्याः कार्या मुनिभिर्यस्य प्रोक्तास्त्रैलोक्यगुरुं तमचिन्त्यमजं विद्यानिलयं भैरवरूपं खट्वाङ्गकपालधारं स्थित्युत्पत्तिप्रलयनिमित्तं चन्द्रार्धधरं तिलकार्धधरं रसनार्धधरं बहुभिर्विकृतैर्विविधैर्विकटैर्विद्यति विमुखैः प्रथमैः परिवृतमीशं सुखदं सततं प्रणतः ॥ १०८॥
I bow to the god (Śiva) the greatest deity, the destroyer of Madana’s body, the supreme master of the world, the giver of immunity from fear, and the destroyer of Tripura. I always bow to the Lord (Śiva) who is worshipped at his feet by gods, fathers and sages, who, the sages say, has created the eight ॥ forms॥ known as the earth, water, fire, air, the master of sacrifices, the sun, the moon, and the space (lit. the sky), who is the preceptor of the three worlds, is beyond the reach of thought, is eternal (lit. without birth), the abode of knowledge, terrible in form, holder of khaṭvāṅga, the cause of existence, origin and destruction ॥ of the world॥, who has subtle vision, who is unthinkable, who bears ॥ in his person॥ half of a crescent, of a tilaka, of an eye, of breasts and of the beloved wife, and who is surrounded by many and various, aweful, shaven-headed, ugly and strange Pramathas.
english translation
yathA- amarapravaraM madanAGgaharaM bhuvanaikanAthamabhayapradaM tripurAntakaraM devaM tamahaM praNataH surapitRgaNanatacaraNaM pRthivIsalilajvalanabhairavarUpaM khaTvAGgakapAladhAraM pavanaH sUryazcandro yajAramApyomAkhyAH kAryA munibhiryasya proktAstrailokyaguruM tamacintyamajaM vidyAnilayaM bhairavarUpaM khaTvAGgakapAladhAraM sthityutpattipralayanimittaM candrArdhadharaM tilakArdhadharaM rasanArdhadharaM bahubhirvikRtairvividhairvikaTairvidyati vimukhaiH prathamaiH parivRtamIzaM sukhadaM satataM praNataH ॥ 108॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptआसारितानां सर्वेषां ये भेदाः परिकीर्तिताः । यथाक्षरं द्विसङ्ख्यातं त्रिसङ्ख्यातं यथापि वा ॥ १०९॥
The three varieties of Āsārita, have been described, viz., literal (yathākṣara), double (dvisaṃkhyāta) and triple (trisaṃkhyāta).
english translation
AsAritAnAM sarveSAM ye bhedAH parikIrtitAH । yathAkSaraM dvisaGkhyAtaM trisaGkhyAtaM yathApi vA ॥ 109॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptतालोच्छेदो द्विगुणितैः समवर्णगणैः कृतम् । अनिवृत्ताक्षरपदं यथाक्षरमिति स्मृतम् ॥ ११०॥
The literal Āsārita is known to be made up of gaṇas of equal Varṇas doubled in observing Tālas, and its syllable are not repeated.
english translation
tAlocchedo dviguNitaiH samavarNagaNaiH kRtam । anivRttAkSarapadaM yathAkSaramiti smRtam ॥ 110॥
hk transliteration by Sanscript1.
अध्याय १
Origin of Drama
2.
अध्याय २
Description of the Playhouse
3.
अध्याय ३
Pūjā to the Gods of the Stage
4.
अध्याय ४
Description of the Class Dance
5.
अध्याय ५
Preliminaries of a Play
6.
अध्याय ६
Sentiments (rasa)
7.
अध्याय ७
Emotional and other States (bhāva)
8.
अध्याय ८
Gestures of Minor Limbs (upāṅga)
9.
अध्याय ९
Gestures of Major Limbs (aṅga)
10.
अध्याय १०
Cari Movements
11.
अध्याय ११
Maṇḍala movements
12.
अध्याय १२
Different Gaits (gati)
13.
अध्याय १३
Different Gaits (gati)
14.
अध्याय १४
Zones (kakṣyā) and Local Usages (pravṛtti)
15.
अध्याय १५
Verbal representation (vācika) and Prosody (chandaḥśāstra)
16.
अध्याय १६
Metrical Patterns (chandas)
17.
अध्याय १७
Diction of a Play (lakṣaṇa)
18.
अध्याय १८
Rules on the use of Languages (bhāṣā)
19.
अध्याय १९
Modes of Address (nāman) and Intonation (kāku)
20.
अध्याय २०
Ten Kinds of Play (daśarūpa)
21.
अध्याय २१
Limbs of Segments (sandhi)
22.
अध्याय २२
Styles (vṛtti)
23.
अध्याय २३
Costumes and Make-up (nepathya)
24.
अध्याय २४
Harmonious Representation (sāmānyābhinaya)
25.
अध्याय २५
Dealings with Courtezans (veśyā)
26.
अध्याय २६
Varied Representation (citrābhinaya)
27.
अध्याय २७
Success in Dramatic Production (siddhi)
28.
अध्याय २८
On the Instrumental Music (ātodya)
29.
अध्याय २९
On Stringed Instruments (tata)
30.
अध्याय ३०
On Hollow Instruments (suṣira)
अध्यायः ३१
On the Time-measure (tāla)
32.
अध्यायः ३२
The Dhruvā Songs
33.
अध्यायः ३३
On Covered Instruments (avanaddha)
34.
अध्याय ३४
Types of Characters (prakṛti)
35.
अध्याय ३५
Distribution of Roles (bhūmikā)
36.
अध्याय ३६
Descent of Drama on the Earth
37.
अध्याय ३७
adhyAya 37
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यथा - भूताधिपतिं भगनेत्रहरणम् ईशं देवैर्वन्द्यं सुरमखमथनं रौद्रं भयदं गजचर्मपटम् । शम्भुं त्र्यक्षं ज्वलननिभजटं भुजङ्गपरिकरं त्रिदशगणवृतं दैत्यैर्नित्यं परिपठितचरितम् । अमरपतिनमितम् अभिमतसुखदं रुद्रं पीतं पितृवननिलयं गङ्गाप्लावितशोभनजटम् । तं शरणं गतोस्मि वरदं च महेश्वरम् ॥ १०६॥
I have come to take refuge with Maheśvara, the giver of boons, the lord of creatures, who took out Bhaga’s eyes, who is adorable to the gods, who destroys the sacrifice of the gods, who is terrible and fearful, who wears the hide of an elephant, who is the source of bliss, who is three-eyed and has matted hairs shining like fire, and who has serpents as his girdle, who is surrounded by gods, whose exploits are always recited by the Daityas, who is bowed to by the lord of gods, who gives one pleasures of one’s own choice, who is terrible, yellow, and is a dweller of the cremation ground, and whose beautiful matted hairs are soaked in water of the Ganges.
english translation
yathA - bhUtAdhipatiM bhaganetraharaNam IzaM devairvandyaM suramakhamathanaM raudraM bhayadaM gajacarmapaTam । zambhuM tryakSaM jvalananibhajaTaM bhujaGgaparikaraM tridazagaNavRtaM daityairnityaM paripaThitacaritam । amarapatinamitam abhimatasukhadaM rudraM pItaM pitRvananilayaM gaGgAplAvitazobhanajaTam । taM zaraNaM gatosmi varadaM ca mahezvaram ॥ 106॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptकार्याः षोडश युग्माख्ये ताले तु प्रथमे गणाः । चतुर्विंशतिरोजाख्ये द्वितीये वसुसञ्ज्ञिते ॥ चतुर्विंशतिरर्धं च तृतीये वसुसञ्ज्ञिके । ज्येष्ठेष्वासारिते कार्य एवमक्षरसञ्चयः ॥ १०७॥
There should be first the Cañcatpuṭaḥ (= yugma) Tāla of sixteen gaṇas, next the Cāpapuṭaḥ (oja) Tāla of twenty-four gaṇas, and in the third there should be twenty-four gaṇas and a half. These is the arrangement of syllables in the long Āsārita.
english translation
kAryAH SoDaza yugmAkhye tAle tu prathame gaNAH । caturviMzatirojAkhye dvitIye vasusaJjJite ॥ caturviMzatirardhaM ca tRtIye vasusaJjJike । jyeSTheSvAsArite kArya evamakSarasaJcayaH ॥ 107॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptयथा- अमरप्रवरं मदनाङ्गहरं भुवनैकनाथमभयप्रदं त्रिपुरान्तकरं देवं तमहं प्रणतः सुरपितृगणनतचरणं पृथिवीसलिलज्वलनभैरवरूपं खट्वाङ्गकपालधारं पवनः सूर्यश्चन्द्रो यजारमाप्योमाख्याः कार्या मुनिभिर्यस्य प्रोक्तास्त्रैलोक्यगुरुं तमचिन्त्यमजं विद्यानिलयं भैरवरूपं खट्वाङ्गकपालधारं स्थित्युत्पत्तिप्रलयनिमित्तं चन्द्रार्धधरं तिलकार्धधरं रसनार्धधरं बहुभिर्विकृतैर्विविधैर्विकटैर्विद्यति विमुखैः प्रथमैः परिवृतमीशं सुखदं सततं प्रणतः ॥ १०८॥
I bow to the god (Śiva) the greatest deity, the destroyer of Madana’s body, the supreme master of the world, the giver of immunity from fear, and the destroyer of Tripura. I always bow to the Lord (Śiva) who is worshipped at his feet by gods, fathers and sages, who, the sages say, has created the eight ॥ forms॥ known as the earth, water, fire, air, the master of sacrifices, the sun, the moon, and the space (lit. the sky), who is the preceptor of the three worlds, is beyond the reach of thought, is eternal (lit. without birth), the abode of knowledge, terrible in form, holder of khaṭvāṅga, the cause of existence, origin and destruction ॥ of the world॥, who has subtle vision, who is unthinkable, who bears ॥ in his person॥ half of a crescent, of a tilaka, of an eye, of breasts and of the beloved wife, and who is surrounded by many and various, aweful, shaven-headed, ugly and strange Pramathas.
english translation
yathA- amarapravaraM madanAGgaharaM bhuvanaikanAthamabhayapradaM tripurAntakaraM devaM tamahaM praNataH surapitRgaNanatacaraNaM pRthivIsalilajvalanabhairavarUpaM khaTvAGgakapAladhAraM pavanaH sUryazcandro yajAramApyomAkhyAH kAryA munibhiryasya proktAstrailokyaguruM tamacintyamajaM vidyAnilayaM bhairavarUpaM khaTvAGgakapAladhAraM sthityutpattipralayanimittaM candrArdhadharaM tilakArdhadharaM rasanArdhadharaM bahubhirvikRtairvividhairvikaTairvidyati vimukhaiH prathamaiH parivRtamIzaM sukhadaM satataM praNataH ॥ 108॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptआसारितानां सर्वेषां ये भेदाः परिकीर्तिताः । यथाक्षरं द्विसङ्ख्यातं त्रिसङ्ख्यातं यथापि वा ॥ १०९॥
The three varieties of Āsārita, have been described, viz., literal (yathākṣara), double (dvisaṃkhyāta) and triple (trisaṃkhyāta).
english translation
AsAritAnAM sarveSAM ye bhedAH parikIrtitAH । yathAkSaraM dvisaGkhyAtaM trisaGkhyAtaM yathApi vA ॥ 109॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptतालोच्छेदो द्विगुणितैः समवर्णगणैः कृतम् । अनिवृत्ताक्षरपदं यथाक्षरमिति स्मृतम् ॥ ११०॥
The literal Āsārita is known to be made up of gaṇas of equal Varṇas doubled in observing Tālas, and its syllable are not repeated.
english translation
tAlocchedo dviguNitaiH samavarNagaNaiH kRtam । anivRttAkSarapadaM yathAkSaramiti smRtam ॥ 110॥
hk transliteration by Sanscript