Charak Samhita

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/20/16

तं मधुरतिक्तकषायशीतैरुपक्रमैरुपक्रमेत स्नेहविरेकप्रदेहपरिषेकाभ्यङ्गादिभिः पित्तहरैर्मात्रां कालं च प्रमाणीकृत्य; विरेचनं तुसर्वोपक्रमेभ्यः पित्ते प्रधानतमं मन्यन्ते भिषजः; तद्ध्यादित एवामाशयमनुप्रविश्य केवलं वैकारिकं पित्तमूलमपकर्षति,तत्रावजिते पित्तेऽपि शरीरान्तर्गताः पित्तविकाराः प्रशान्तिमापद्यन्ते, यथाऽग्नौ व्यपोढे केवलमग्निगृहं शीतीभवति तद्वत् ||१६||

sanskrit

[Management principles of pitta disorders] Abnormal pitta disorders should be managed by drugs having sweet, bitter, astringent, and cooling qualities. Any therapeutic modalities administered, such as oleation, purgation, fasting, affusion, massage, etc. should have anti-pittaja properties and must be administered in appropriate dose and time. Of all the above mentioned procedures, purgation is regarded as the most effective mode of treatment for the management of pittaja vyadhi. When pitta is overcome in the amashaya through administration of purgative substances, the disorders of pitta in other parts of the body are automatically pacified just like a fire chamber cools down when the fire is doused.

english translation

taM madhuratiktakaSAyazItairupakramairupakrameta snehavirekapradehapariSekAbhyaGgAdibhiH pittaharairmAtrAM kAlaM ca pramANIkRtya; virecanaM tusarvopakramebhyaH pitte pradhAnatamaM manyante bhiSajaH; taddhyAdita evAmAzayamanupravizya kevalaM vaikArikaM pittamUlamapakarSati,tatrAvajite pitte'pi zarIrAntargatAH pittavikArAH prazAntimApadyante, yathA'gnau vyapoDhe kevalamagnigRhaM zItIbhavati tadvat ||16||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/20/17

श्लेष्मविकारांश्च विंशतिमत ऊर्ध्वं व्याख्यास्यामः; तद्यथा- तृप्तिश्च, तन्द्रा च, निद्राधिक्यं च, स्तैमित्यं च, गुरुगात्रता च,आलस्यं च, मुखमाधुर्यं च, मुखस्रावश्च, श्लेष्मोद्गिरणं च, मलस्याधिक्यं च, बलासकश्च , अपक्तिश्च, हृदयोपलेपश्च,कण्ठोपलेपश्च, धमनीप्रति(वि)चयश्च, गलगण्डश्च, अतिस्थौल्यं च, शीताग्निता च, उदर्दश्च, श्वेतावभासता च,श्वेतमूत्रनेत्रवर्चस्त्वं च; इति विंशतिः श्लेष्मविकाराः श्लेष्मविकाराणामपरिसङ्ख्येयानामाविष्कृततमा व्याख्याता भवन्ति ||१७||

sanskrit

[Disorders of kapha dosha] The 20 prevalent kapha disorders or Shleshma nanatmaja vyadhi are: 1. Trupti (Contentment) 2. Tandra (Drowsiness) 3. Nidradhikya (Excess sleep) 4. Staimitya (Rigidity/Immobility) 5. Gurugatrata (Heaviness in body) 6. Alasya (Lassitude) 7. Mukha madhurya (Sweet taste in mouth) 8. Mukha strava (Salivation) 9. Shlesmodgirana (Expectoration of mucous) 10. Maladhikya (Excess accumulation of waste products) 11. Balasaka (Loss of strength) 12. Apakti (Indigestion) 13. Hridayopalepa (Adherence of waste surrounding heart) 14. Kanthopalepa (Adherence of waste surrounding throat) 15. Dhamanipratichaya (Adherence of waste in blood vessels/ atherosclerosis) 16. Galaganda (Goiter) 17. Atisthaulya (Morbid obesity) 18. Shitagnita (decreased agni) 19. Udarda (Urticarial rashes) 20. Shvetavabhashata (Pale look) (Shveta Mootranetravarchastva (White discolouration of urine, eyes, stool))

english translation

zleSmavikArAMzca viMzatimata UrdhvaM vyAkhyAsyAmaH; tadyathA- tRptizca, tandrA ca, nidrAdhikyaM ca, staimityaM ca, gurugAtratA ca,AlasyaM ca, mukhamAdhuryaM ca, mukhasrAvazca, zleSmodgiraNaM ca, malasyAdhikyaM ca, balAsakazca , apaktizca, hRdayopalepazca,kaNThopalepazca, dhamanIprati(vi)cayazca, galagaNDazca, atisthaulyaM ca, zItAgnitA ca, udardazca, zvetAvabhAsatA ca,zvetamUtranetravarcastvaM ca; iti viMzatiH zleSmavikArAH zleSmavikArANAmaparisaGkhyeyAnAmAviSkRtatamA vyAkhyAtA bhavanti ||17||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/20/18

सर्वेष्वपि खल्वेतेषु श्लेष्मविकारेषूक्तेष्वन्येषु चानुक्तेषु श्लेष्मण इदमात्मरूपमपरिणामि कर्मणश्च स्वलक्षणं यदुपलभ्यतदवयवं वा विमुक्तसन्देहाः श्लेष्मविकारमेवाध्यवस्यन्ति कुशलाः; तद्यथा-स्नेहशैत्यशौक्ल्यगौरवमाधुर्यस्थैर्यपैच्छिल्यमार्त्स्न्यानि श्लेष्मण आत्मरूपाणि; एवंविधत्वाच्च श्लेष्मणः कर्मणःस्वलक्षणमिदमस्य भवति तं तं शरीरावयवमाविशतः; तद्यथा-श्वैत्यशैत्यकण्डूस्थैर्यगौरवस्नेहसुप्तिक्लेदोपदेहबन्धमाधुर्यचिरकारित्वानि श्लेष्मणः कर्माणि; तैरन्वितंश्लेष्मविकारमेवाध्यवस्येत् ||१८||

sanskrit

[Properties and pathogenic effects of kapha dosha] In all, like in the case of vata and pitta disorders, all the kaphajavariety of diseases mentioned above would be diagnosed and treated as disorders of kapha even when exhibiting partial manifestations of the dosha. For example, unctuousness, coldness, whiteness, heaviness, sweetness, steadiness, sliminess and viscosity are the specific characters of kapha. Kapha, having such characteristic properties, produces the following actions in the organs it afflicts: 1. Shvaitya – Whiteness 2. Shaitya – Coldness 3. Kandu – Itching 4. Sthairya – Stability 5. Gaurava – Heaviness 6. Sneha – Unctuousness 7. Supti – Numbness 8. Kleda – Moistening/stickiness 9. Upadeha – Coating over body parts 10. Bandha – Binding 11. Madhurya – Sweetness 12. Chirakaritva – Chronic nature of disease All the above are the actions of kapha dosha and the same may be diagnosed as kaphaja variety of diseases.

english translation

sarveSvapi khalveteSu zleSmavikAreSUkteSvanyeSu cAnukteSu zleSmaNa idamAtmarUpamapariNAmi karmaNazca svalakSaNaM yadupalabhyatadavayavaM vA vimuktasandehAH zleSmavikAramevAdhyavasyanti kuzalAH; tadyathA-snehazaityazauklyagauravamAdhuryasthairyapaicchilyamArtsnyAni zleSmaNa AtmarUpANi; evaMvidhatvAcca zleSmaNaH karmaNaHsvalakSaNamidamasya bhavati taM taM zarIrAvayavamAvizataH; tadyathA-zvaityazaityakaNDUsthairyagauravasnehasuptikledopadehabandhamAdhuryacirakAritvAni zleSmaNaH karmANi; tairanvitaMzleSmavikAramevAdhyavasyet ||18||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/20/19

तं कटुकतिक्तकषायतीक्ष्णोष्णरूक्षैरुपक्रमैरुपक्रमेत स्वेदवमनशिरोविरेचनव्यायामादिभिः श्लेष्महरैर्मात्रां कालं चप्रमाणीकृत्य; वमनं तु सर्वोपक्रमेभ्यः श्लेष्मणि प्रधानतमं मन्यन्ते भिषजः, तद्ध्यादित एवामाशयमनुप्रविश्योरोगतं केवलंवैकारिकं श्लेष्ममूलमूर्ध्वमुत्क्षिपति, तत्रावजिते श्लेष्मण्यपि शरीरान्तर्गताः श्लेष्मविकाराः प्रशान्तिमापद्यन्ते, यथा भिन्नेकेदारसेतौ शालियवषष्टिकादीन्यनभिष्यन्द्यमानान्यम्भसा प्रशोषमापद्यन्ते तद्वदिति ||१९||

sanskrit

[Management of kapha disorders] Abnormal kapha should be managed using drugs having pungent, bitter, astringent, sharp, hot and dry qualities, and by means of other therapeutic modalities such as fomentation, emesis, evacuation of dosha from head, exercise etc. that have anti-kaphaja properties and these must be administered in appropriate dose and time. Amongst all the above mentioned procedures emesis is regarded the most effective form of treatment for the management of kaphaja diseases because immediately after entering the stomach, it strikes at the very root cause of the vitiation of kapha. Thus, when kapha is overcome in the stomach, any kapha-related affliction in any other part of the body gets pacified automatically quite like the drying up of crops of rice in the absence of moisture when the obstructing ridge of the field is broken.

english translation

taM kaTukatiktakaSAyatIkSNoSNarUkSairupakramairupakrameta svedavamanazirovirecanavyAyAmAdibhiH zleSmaharairmAtrAM kAlaM capramANIkRtya; vamanaM tu sarvopakramebhyaH zleSmaNi pradhAnatamaM manyante bhiSajaH, taddhyAdita evAmAzayamanupravizyorogataM kevalaMvaikArikaM zleSmamUlamUrdhvamutkSipati, tatrAvajite zleSmaNyapi zarIrAntargatAH zleSmavikArAH prazAntimApadyante, yathA bhinnekedArasetau zAliyavaSaSTikAdInyanabhiSyandyamAnAnyambhasA prazoSamApadyante tadvaditi ||19||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/20/20

भवन्ति चात्र- रोगमादौ परीक्षेत ततोऽनन्तरमौषधम्| ततः कर्म भिषक् पश्चाज्ज्ञानपूर्वं समाचरेत् ||२०||

sanskrit

[Importance of diagnosis before planning treatment] A physician should first diagnose the disease and then select the proper medicine. Thereafter, he should administer the therapy applying the knowledge of the science of medicine (he had already gained).

english translation

bhavanti cAtra- rogamAdau parIkSeta tato'nantaramauSadham| tataH karma bhiSak pazcAjjJAnapUrvaM samAcaret ||20||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/20/16

तं मधुरतिक्तकषायशीतैरुपक्रमैरुपक्रमेत स्नेहविरेकप्रदेहपरिषेकाभ्यङ्गादिभिः पित्तहरैर्मात्रां कालं च प्रमाणीकृत्य; विरेचनं तुसर्वोपक्रमेभ्यः पित्ते प्रधानतमं मन्यन्ते भिषजः; तद्ध्यादित एवामाशयमनुप्रविश्य केवलं वैकारिकं पित्तमूलमपकर्षति,तत्रावजिते पित्तेऽपि शरीरान्तर्गताः पित्तविकाराः प्रशान्तिमापद्यन्ते, यथाऽग्नौ व्यपोढे केवलमग्निगृहं शीतीभवति तद्वत् ||१६||

sanskrit

[Management principles of pitta disorders] Abnormal pitta disorders should be managed by drugs having sweet, bitter, astringent, and cooling qualities. Any therapeutic modalities administered, such as oleation, purgation, fasting, affusion, massage, etc. should have anti-pittaja properties and must be administered in appropriate dose and time. Of all the above mentioned procedures, purgation is regarded as the most effective mode of treatment for the management of pittaja vyadhi. When pitta is overcome in the amashaya through administration of purgative substances, the disorders of pitta in other parts of the body are automatically pacified just like a fire chamber cools down when the fire is doused.

english translation

taM madhuratiktakaSAyazItairupakramairupakrameta snehavirekapradehapariSekAbhyaGgAdibhiH pittaharairmAtrAM kAlaM ca pramANIkRtya; virecanaM tusarvopakramebhyaH pitte pradhAnatamaM manyante bhiSajaH; taddhyAdita evAmAzayamanupravizya kevalaM vaikArikaM pittamUlamapakarSati,tatrAvajite pitte'pi zarIrAntargatAH pittavikArAH prazAntimApadyante, yathA'gnau vyapoDhe kevalamagnigRhaM zItIbhavati tadvat ||16||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/20/17

श्लेष्मविकारांश्च विंशतिमत ऊर्ध्वं व्याख्यास्यामः; तद्यथा- तृप्तिश्च, तन्द्रा च, निद्राधिक्यं च, स्तैमित्यं च, गुरुगात्रता च,आलस्यं च, मुखमाधुर्यं च, मुखस्रावश्च, श्लेष्मोद्गिरणं च, मलस्याधिक्यं च, बलासकश्च , अपक्तिश्च, हृदयोपलेपश्च,कण्ठोपलेपश्च, धमनीप्रति(वि)चयश्च, गलगण्डश्च, अतिस्थौल्यं च, शीताग्निता च, उदर्दश्च, श्वेतावभासता च,श्वेतमूत्रनेत्रवर्चस्त्वं च; इति विंशतिः श्लेष्मविकाराः श्लेष्मविकाराणामपरिसङ्ख्येयानामाविष्कृततमा व्याख्याता भवन्ति ||१७||

sanskrit

[Disorders of kapha dosha] The 20 prevalent kapha disorders or Shleshma nanatmaja vyadhi are: 1. Trupti (Contentment) 2. Tandra (Drowsiness) 3. Nidradhikya (Excess sleep) 4. Staimitya (Rigidity/Immobility) 5. Gurugatrata (Heaviness in body) 6. Alasya (Lassitude) 7. Mukha madhurya (Sweet taste in mouth) 8. Mukha strava (Salivation) 9. Shlesmodgirana (Expectoration of mucous) 10. Maladhikya (Excess accumulation of waste products) 11. Balasaka (Loss of strength) 12. Apakti (Indigestion) 13. Hridayopalepa (Adherence of waste surrounding heart) 14. Kanthopalepa (Adherence of waste surrounding throat) 15. Dhamanipratichaya (Adherence of waste in blood vessels/ atherosclerosis) 16. Galaganda (Goiter) 17. Atisthaulya (Morbid obesity) 18. Shitagnita (decreased agni) 19. Udarda (Urticarial rashes) 20. Shvetavabhashata (Pale look) (Shveta Mootranetravarchastva (White discolouration of urine, eyes, stool))

english translation

zleSmavikArAMzca viMzatimata UrdhvaM vyAkhyAsyAmaH; tadyathA- tRptizca, tandrA ca, nidrAdhikyaM ca, staimityaM ca, gurugAtratA ca,AlasyaM ca, mukhamAdhuryaM ca, mukhasrAvazca, zleSmodgiraNaM ca, malasyAdhikyaM ca, balAsakazca , apaktizca, hRdayopalepazca,kaNThopalepazca, dhamanIprati(vi)cayazca, galagaNDazca, atisthaulyaM ca, zItAgnitA ca, udardazca, zvetAvabhAsatA ca,zvetamUtranetravarcastvaM ca; iti viMzatiH zleSmavikArAH zleSmavikArANAmaparisaGkhyeyAnAmAviSkRtatamA vyAkhyAtA bhavanti ||17||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/20/18

सर्वेष्वपि खल्वेतेषु श्लेष्मविकारेषूक्तेष्वन्येषु चानुक्तेषु श्लेष्मण इदमात्मरूपमपरिणामि कर्मणश्च स्वलक्षणं यदुपलभ्यतदवयवं वा विमुक्तसन्देहाः श्लेष्मविकारमेवाध्यवस्यन्ति कुशलाः; तद्यथा-स्नेहशैत्यशौक्ल्यगौरवमाधुर्यस्थैर्यपैच्छिल्यमार्त्स्न्यानि श्लेष्मण आत्मरूपाणि; एवंविधत्वाच्च श्लेष्मणः कर्मणःस्वलक्षणमिदमस्य भवति तं तं शरीरावयवमाविशतः; तद्यथा-श्वैत्यशैत्यकण्डूस्थैर्यगौरवस्नेहसुप्तिक्लेदोपदेहबन्धमाधुर्यचिरकारित्वानि श्लेष्मणः कर्माणि; तैरन्वितंश्लेष्मविकारमेवाध्यवस्येत् ||१८||

sanskrit

[Properties and pathogenic effects of kapha dosha] In all, like in the case of vata and pitta disorders, all the kaphajavariety of diseases mentioned above would be diagnosed and treated as disorders of kapha even when exhibiting partial manifestations of the dosha. For example, unctuousness, coldness, whiteness, heaviness, sweetness, steadiness, sliminess and viscosity are the specific characters of kapha. Kapha, having such characteristic properties, produces the following actions in the organs it afflicts: 1. Shvaitya – Whiteness 2. Shaitya – Coldness 3. Kandu – Itching 4. Sthairya – Stability 5. Gaurava – Heaviness 6. Sneha – Unctuousness 7. Supti – Numbness 8. Kleda – Moistening/stickiness 9. Upadeha – Coating over body parts 10. Bandha – Binding 11. Madhurya – Sweetness 12. Chirakaritva – Chronic nature of disease All the above are the actions of kapha dosha and the same may be diagnosed as kaphaja variety of diseases.

english translation

sarveSvapi khalveteSu zleSmavikAreSUkteSvanyeSu cAnukteSu zleSmaNa idamAtmarUpamapariNAmi karmaNazca svalakSaNaM yadupalabhyatadavayavaM vA vimuktasandehAH zleSmavikAramevAdhyavasyanti kuzalAH; tadyathA-snehazaityazauklyagauravamAdhuryasthairyapaicchilyamArtsnyAni zleSmaNa AtmarUpANi; evaMvidhatvAcca zleSmaNaH karmaNaHsvalakSaNamidamasya bhavati taM taM zarIrAvayavamAvizataH; tadyathA-zvaityazaityakaNDUsthairyagauravasnehasuptikledopadehabandhamAdhuryacirakAritvAni zleSmaNaH karmANi; tairanvitaMzleSmavikAramevAdhyavasyet ||18||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/20/19

तं कटुकतिक्तकषायतीक्ष्णोष्णरूक्षैरुपक्रमैरुपक्रमेत स्वेदवमनशिरोविरेचनव्यायामादिभिः श्लेष्महरैर्मात्रां कालं चप्रमाणीकृत्य; वमनं तु सर्वोपक्रमेभ्यः श्लेष्मणि प्रधानतमं मन्यन्ते भिषजः, तद्ध्यादित एवामाशयमनुप्रविश्योरोगतं केवलंवैकारिकं श्लेष्ममूलमूर्ध्वमुत्क्षिपति, तत्रावजिते श्लेष्मण्यपि शरीरान्तर्गताः श्लेष्मविकाराः प्रशान्तिमापद्यन्ते, यथा भिन्नेकेदारसेतौ शालियवषष्टिकादीन्यनभिष्यन्द्यमानान्यम्भसा प्रशोषमापद्यन्ते तद्वदिति ||१९||

sanskrit

[Management of kapha disorders] Abnormal kapha should be managed using drugs having pungent, bitter, astringent, sharp, hot and dry qualities, and by means of other therapeutic modalities such as fomentation, emesis, evacuation of dosha from head, exercise etc. that have anti-kaphaja properties and these must be administered in appropriate dose and time. Amongst all the above mentioned procedures emesis is regarded the most effective form of treatment for the management of kaphaja diseases because immediately after entering the stomach, it strikes at the very root cause of the vitiation of kapha. Thus, when kapha is overcome in the stomach, any kapha-related affliction in any other part of the body gets pacified automatically quite like the drying up of crops of rice in the absence of moisture when the obstructing ridge of the field is broken.

english translation

taM kaTukatiktakaSAyatIkSNoSNarUkSairupakramairupakrameta svedavamanazirovirecanavyAyAmAdibhiH zleSmaharairmAtrAM kAlaM capramANIkRtya; vamanaM tu sarvopakramebhyaH zleSmaNi pradhAnatamaM manyante bhiSajaH, taddhyAdita evAmAzayamanupravizyorogataM kevalaMvaikArikaM zleSmamUlamUrdhvamutkSipati, tatrAvajite zleSmaNyapi zarIrAntargatAH zleSmavikArAH prazAntimApadyante, yathA bhinnekedArasetau zAliyavaSaSTikAdInyanabhiSyandyamAnAnyambhasA prazoSamApadyante tadvaditi ||19||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/20/20

भवन्ति चात्र- रोगमादौ परीक्षेत ततोऽनन्तरमौषधम्| ततः कर्म भिषक् पश्चाज्ज्ञानपूर्वं समाचरेत् ||२०||

sanskrit

[Importance of diagnosis before planning treatment] A physician should first diagnose the disease and then select the proper medicine. Thereafter, he should administer the therapy applying the knowledge of the science of medicine (he had already gained).

english translation

bhavanti cAtra- rogamAdau parIkSeta tato'nantaramauSadham| tataH karma bhiSak pazcAjjJAnapUrvaM samAcaret ||20||

hk transliteration