Sushruta Samhita

siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/45/6

तत्तु न सम्यक्; पृथिव्यादीनामन्योन्यानुप्रवेशकृतः सलिलरसो भवत्युत्कर्षापकर्षेण | तत्र, स्वलक्षणभूयिष्ठायां भूमावम्लं लवणं च; अम्बुगुणभूयिष्ठायां मधुरं; तेजोगुणभूयिष्ठायां कटुकं तिक्तं च; वायुगुणभूयिष्ठायां कषायम्; आकाशगुणभूयिष्ठायामव्यक्तरसम्, अव्यक्तं ह्याकाशमित्यतः; तत् प्रधानमव्यक्तरसत्वात्, तत्पेयमान्तरीक्षालाभे ||६||

sanskrit

However, this is not entirely accurate; the quality of water is influenced by the respective qualities of earth and other elements through mutual percolation, resulting in variations. In this context, water on earth is acidic and saline; in the context of water's predominant qualities, it is sweet; in the context of fire's predominant qualities, it is bitter and astringent; in the context of air's predominant qualities, it is astringent; and in the context of space's predominant qualities, it has an indistinct taste. This is due to the primary indistinctness of taste, and thus the taste of the water is influenced by the characteristics of space.

english translation

hindi translation

tattu na samyak; pRthivyAdInAmanyonyAnupravezakRtaH salilaraso bhavatyutkarSApakarSeNa | tatra, svalakSaNabhUyiSThAyAM bhUmAvamlaM lavaNaM ca; ambuguNabhUyiSThAyAM madhuraM; tejoguNabhUyiSThAyAM kaTukaM tiktaM ca; vAyuguNabhUyiSThAyAM kaSAyam; AkAzaguNabhUyiSThAyAmavyaktarasam, avyaktaM hyAkAzamityataH; tat pradhAnamavyaktarasatvAt, tatpeyamAntarIkSAlAbhe ||6||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/45/7

तत्रान्तरीक्षं चतुर्विधम् | तद्यथा- धारं, कारं, तौषारं, हैममिति | तेषां धारं प्रधानं, लघुत्वात्; तत् पुनर्द्विविधं- गाङ्गं, सामुद्रं चेति | तत्र गाङ्गमाश्वयुजे मासि प्रायशो वर्षति | तयोर्द्वयोरपि परीक्षणं कुर्वीत- शाल्योदनपिण्डमकुथितमविदग्धं रजतभाजनोपहितं वर्षति देवे बहिष्कुर्वीत, स यदि मुहूर्तं स्थितस्तादृश एव भवति तदा गाङ्गं पततीत्यवगन्तव्यं; वर्णान्यत्वे सिक्थप्रक्लेदे च सामुद्रमिति विद्यात्, तन्नोपादेयम् | सामुद्रमप्याश्वयुजे मासि गृहीतं गाङ्गवद्भवति | गाङ्गं पुनः प्रधानं, तदुपाददीताश्वयुजे मासि | शुचिशुक्लविततपटैकदेशच्युतमथवा हर्म्यतलपरिभ्रष्टमन्यैर्वा शुचिभिर्भाजनैर्गृहीतं सौवर्णे राजते मृन्मये वा पात्रे निदध्यात् | तत् सर्वकालमुपयुञ्जीत, तस्यालाभे भौमम् | तच्चाकाशगुणबहुलम् | तत् पुनः सप्तविधम् | तद्यथा- कौपं, नादेयं, सारसं, ताडागं, प्रास्रवणम्, औद्भिदं, चौण्ट्यमिति ||७||

sanskrit

In this context, space is classified into four types: Dhāra (flowing), Kāra (thick), Tauṣāra (icy), Haima (golden). Among these, Dhāra is the primary type due to its lightness. It is further divided into two categories: Gāṅga (river water) and Sāmudra (sea water). Among these, Gāṅga is predominant and is generally found to rain in the Ashvayuja month. To test these two types, one should perform an examination with cooked rice balls and uncooked rice in a silver vessel. If it rains when placed outside, the water should be considered as Gāṅga; otherwise, it is to be considered as Sāmudra. If it remains in the same state for a certain time, then it should be understood as Gāṅga; otherwise, it is Sāmudra. Sāmudra, in the Ashvayuja month, also behaves like Gāṅga. Gāṅga is the primary type, and it should be considered predominant in the Ashvayuja month. If clean, white, and well-prepared vessels made of gold or clay are used, and if water is kept in them all the time, it should be utilized for the same purpose. If such water is used, it is considered to be beneficial. Space is also abundant in the following seven types: Kaupa (pot), Nādeya (well water), Sāra (essence), Tāḍāga (pond water), Prāsravana (stream water), Audbhida (spring water), Chauṇṭya (well water).

english translation

hindi translation

tatrAntarIkSaM caturvidham | tadyathA- dhAraM, kAraM, tauSAraM, haimamiti | teSAM dhAraM pradhAnaM, laghutvAt; tat punardvividhaM- gAGgaM, sAmudraM ceti | tatra gAGgamAzvayuje mAsi prAyazo varSati | tayordvayorapi parIkSaNaM kurvIta- zAlyodanapiNDamakuthitamavidagdhaM rajatabhAjanopahitaM varSati deve bahiSkurvIta, sa yadi muhUrtaM sthitastAdRza eva bhavati tadA gAGgaM patatItyavagantavyaM; varNAnyatve sikthapraklede ca sAmudramiti vidyAt, tannopAdeyam | sAmudramapyAzvayuje mAsi gRhItaM gAGgavadbhavati | gAGgaM punaH pradhAnaM, tadupAdadItAzvayuje mAsi | zucizuklavitatapaTaikadezacyutamathavA harmyatalaparibhraSTamanyairvA zucibhirbhAjanairgRhItaM sauvarNe rAjate mRnmaye vA pAtre nidadhyAt | tat sarvakAlamupayuJjIta, tasyAlAbhe bhaumam | taccAkAzaguNabahulam | tat punaH saptavidham | tadyathA- kaupaM, nAdeyaM, sArasaM, tADAgaM, prAsravaNam, audbhidaM, cauNTyamiti ||7||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/45/8

तत्र वर्षास्वान्तरिक्षमौद्भिदं वा सेवेत, महागुणत्वात्; शरदि सर्वं, प्रसन्नत्वात्; हेमन्ते सारसं ताडागं वा; वसन्ते कौपं प्रास्रवणं वा; ग्रीष्मेऽप्येवं; प्रावृषि चौण्ट्यमनभिवृष्टं सर्वं चेति ||८||

sanskrit

In this context: During the rainy season, water from the sky should be used, due to its great quality. In the autumn, all types of water should be used, as it is clear and pleasant. In the winter, water from ponds or the essence of water should be used. In the spring, water from pots or streams should be used. Similarly, during the summer, water should be used in the same manner. During the monsoon, water from wells that has not been contaminated should be used, as it is considered the best.

english translation

hindi translation

tatra varSAsvAntarikSamaudbhidaM vA seveta, mahAguNatvAt; zaradi sarvaM, prasannatvAt; hemante sArasaM tADAgaM vA; vasante kaupaM prAsravaNaM vA; grISme'pyevaM; prAvRSi cauNTyamanabhivRSTaM sarvaM ceti ||8||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/45/9

कीटमूत्रपुरीषाण्डशवकोथप्रदूषितम् | तृणपर्णोत्करयुतं कलुषं विषसंयुतम् ||९||

sanskrit

Contaminated water that has been tainted by insects, urine, feces, or excrement, and that is mixed with toxins and impurities, is considered impure and should not be used.

english translation

hindi translation

kITamUtrapurISANDazavakothapradUSitam | tRNaparNotkarayutaM kaluSaM viSasaMyutam ||9||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/45/10

योऽवगाहेत वर्षासु पिबेद्वाऽपि नवं जलम् | स बाह्याभ्यन्तरान् रोगान् प्राप्नुयात् क्षिप्रमेव तु ||१०||

sanskrit

He who bathes in or drinks new water during the rainy season will quickly incur both external and internal diseases.

english translation

hindi translation

yo'vagAheta varSAsu pibedvA'pi navaM jalam | sa bAhyAbhyantarAn rogAn prApnuyAt kSiprameva tu ||10||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/45/6

तत्तु न सम्यक्; पृथिव्यादीनामन्योन्यानुप्रवेशकृतः सलिलरसो भवत्युत्कर्षापकर्षेण | तत्र, स्वलक्षणभूयिष्ठायां भूमावम्लं लवणं च; अम्बुगुणभूयिष्ठायां मधुरं; तेजोगुणभूयिष्ठायां कटुकं तिक्तं च; वायुगुणभूयिष्ठायां कषायम्; आकाशगुणभूयिष्ठायामव्यक्तरसम्, अव्यक्तं ह्याकाशमित्यतः; तत् प्रधानमव्यक्तरसत्वात्, तत्पेयमान्तरीक्षालाभे ||६||

sanskrit

However, this is not entirely accurate; the quality of water is influenced by the respective qualities of earth and other elements through mutual percolation, resulting in variations. In this context, water on earth is acidic and saline; in the context of water's predominant qualities, it is sweet; in the context of fire's predominant qualities, it is bitter and astringent; in the context of air's predominant qualities, it is astringent; and in the context of space's predominant qualities, it has an indistinct taste. This is due to the primary indistinctness of taste, and thus the taste of the water is influenced by the characteristics of space.

english translation

hindi translation

tattu na samyak; pRthivyAdInAmanyonyAnupravezakRtaH salilaraso bhavatyutkarSApakarSeNa | tatra, svalakSaNabhUyiSThAyAM bhUmAvamlaM lavaNaM ca; ambuguNabhUyiSThAyAM madhuraM; tejoguNabhUyiSThAyAM kaTukaM tiktaM ca; vAyuguNabhUyiSThAyAM kaSAyam; AkAzaguNabhUyiSThAyAmavyaktarasam, avyaktaM hyAkAzamityataH; tat pradhAnamavyaktarasatvAt, tatpeyamAntarIkSAlAbhe ||6||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/45/7

तत्रान्तरीक्षं चतुर्विधम् | तद्यथा- धारं, कारं, तौषारं, हैममिति | तेषां धारं प्रधानं, लघुत्वात्; तत् पुनर्द्विविधं- गाङ्गं, सामुद्रं चेति | तत्र गाङ्गमाश्वयुजे मासि प्रायशो वर्षति | तयोर्द्वयोरपि परीक्षणं कुर्वीत- शाल्योदनपिण्डमकुथितमविदग्धं रजतभाजनोपहितं वर्षति देवे बहिष्कुर्वीत, स यदि मुहूर्तं स्थितस्तादृश एव भवति तदा गाङ्गं पततीत्यवगन्तव्यं; वर्णान्यत्वे सिक्थप्रक्लेदे च सामुद्रमिति विद्यात्, तन्नोपादेयम् | सामुद्रमप्याश्वयुजे मासि गृहीतं गाङ्गवद्भवति | गाङ्गं पुनः प्रधानं, तदुपाददीताश्वयुजे मासि | शुचिशुक्लविततपटैकदेशच्युतमथवा हर्म्यतलपरिभ्रष्टमन्यैर्वा शुचिभिर्भाजनैर्गृहीतं सौवर्णे राजते मृन्मये वा पात्रे निदध्यात् | तत् सर्वकालमुपयुञ्जीत, तस्यालाभे भौमम् | तच्चाकाशगुणबहुलम् | तत् पुनः सप्तविधम् | तद्यथा- कौपं, नादेयं, सारसं, ताडागं, प्रास्रवणम्, औद्भिदं, चौण्ट्यमिति ||७||

sanskrit

In this context, space is classified into four types: Dhāra (flowing), Kāra (thick), Tauṣāra (icy), Haima (golden). Among these, Dhāra is the primary type due to its lightness. It is further divided into two categories: Gāṅga (river water) and Sāmudra (sea water). Among these, Gāṅga is predominant and is generally found to rain in the Ashvayuja month. To test these two types, one should perform an examination with cooked rice balls and uncooked rice in a silver vessel. If it rains when placed outside, the water should be considered as Gāṅga; otherwise, it is to be considered as Sāmudra. If it remains in the same state for a certain time, then it should be understood as Gāṅga; otherwise, it is Sāmudra. Sāmudra, in the Ashvayuja month, also behaves like Gāṅga. Gāṅga is the primary type, and it should be considered predominant in the Ashvayuja month. If clean, white, and well-prepared vessels made of gold or clay are used, and if water is kept in them all the time, it should be utilized for the same purpose. If such water is used, it is considered to be beneficial. Space is also abundant in the following seven types: Kaupa (pot), Nādeya (well water), Sāra (essence), Tāḍāga (pond water), Prāsravana (stream water), Audbhida (spring water), Chauṇṭya (well water).

english translation

hindi translation

tatrAntarIkSaM caturvidham | tadyathA- dhAraM, kAraM, tauSAraM, haimamiti | teSAM dhAraM pradhAnaM, laghutvAt; tat punardvividhaM- gAGgaM, sAmudraM ceti | tatra gAGgamAzvayuje mAsi prAyazo varSati | tayordvayorapi parIkSaNaM kurvIta- zAlyodanapiNDamakuthitamavidagdhaM rajatabhAjanopahitaM varSati deve bahiSkurvIta, sa yadi muhUrtaM sthitastAdRza eva bhavati tadA gAGgaM patatItyavagantavyaM; varNAnyatve sikthapraklede ca sAmudramiti vidyAt, tannopAdeyam | sAmudramapyAzvayuje mAsi gRhItaM gAGgavadbhavati | gAGgaM punaH pradhAnaM, tadupAdadItAzvayuje mAsi | zucizuklavitatapaTaikadezacyutamathavA harmyatalaparibhraSTamanyairvA zucibhirbhAjanairgRhItaM sauvarNe rAjate mRnmaye vA pAtre nidadhyAt | tat sarvakAlamupayuJjIta, tasyAlAbhe bhaumam | taccAkAzaguNabahulam | tat punaH saptavidham | tadyathA- kaupaM, nAdeyaM, sArasaM, tADAgaM, prAsravaNam, audbhidaM, cauNTyamiti ||7||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/45/8

तत्र वर्षास्वान्तरिक्षमौद्भिदं वा सेवेत, महागुणत्वात्; शरदि सर्वं, प्रसन्नत्वात्; हेमन्ते सारसं ताडागं वा; वसन्ते कौपं प्रास्रवणं वा; ग्रीष्मेऽप्येवं; प्रावृषि चौण्ट्यमनभिवृष्टं सर्वं चेति ||८||

sanskrit

In this context: During the rainy season, water from the sky should be used, due to its great quality. In the autumn, all types of water should be used, as it is clear and pleasant. In the winter, water from ponds or the essence of water should be used. In the spring, water from pots or streams should be used. Similarly, during the summer, water should be used in the same manner. During the monsoon, water from wells that has not been contaminated should be used, as it is considered the best.

english translation

hindi translation

tatra varSAsvAntarikSamaudbhidaM vA seveta, mahAguNatvAt; zaradi sarvaM, prasannatvAt; hemante sArasaM tADAgaM vA; vasante kaupaM prAsravaNaM vA; grISme'pyevaM; prAvRSi cauNTyamanabhivRSTaM sarvaM ceti ||8||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/45/9

कीटमूत्रपुरीषाण्डशवकोथप्रदूषितम् | तृणपर्णोत्करयुतं कलुषं विषसंयुतम् ||९||

sanskrit

Contaminated water that has been tainted by insects, urine, feces, or excrement, and that is mixed with toxins and impurities, is considered impure and should not be used.

english translation

hindi translation

kITamUtrapurISANDazavakothapradUSitam | tRNaparNotkarayutaM kaluSaM viSasaMyutam ||9||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/45/10

योऽवगाहेत वर्षासु पिबेद्वाऽपि नवं जलम् | स बाह्याभ्यन्तरान् रोगान् प्राप्नुयात् क्षिप्रमेव तु ||१०||

sanskrit

He who bathes in or drinks new water during the rainy season will quickly incur both external and internal diseases.

english translation

hindi translation

yo'vagAheta varSAsu pibedvA'pi navaM jalam | sa bAhyAbhyantarAn rogAn prApnuyAt kSiprameva tu ||10||

hk transliteration