- •siva.sh/srimad-bhagavatam/skandam-3/11/18मैत्रेय उवाच कृतं त्रेता द्वापरं च कलिश्चेति चतुर्युगम् । दिव्यैर्द्वादशभिर्वर्षैः सावधानं निरूपितम् ।। ३-११-१८ ।।maitreya uvAca kRtaM tretA dvAparaM ca kalizceti caturyugam | divyairdvAdazabhirvarSaiH sAvadhAnaM nirUpitam || 3-11-18 ||Maitreya said: O Vidura, the four millenniums are called the Satya-, Tretā-, Dvāpara- and Kali-yuga. The aggregate number of years of all of these combined is equal to twelve thousand years of the demigods. ।। 3-11-18 ।।
- •siva.sh/srimad-bhagavatam/skandam-3/11/17भगवान् वेद कालस्य गतिं भगवतो ननु । विश्वं विचक्षते धीरा योगराद्धेन चक्षुषा ।। ३-११-१७ ।।bhagavAn veda kAlasya gatiM bhagavato nanu | vizvaM vicakSate dhIrA yogarAddhena cakSuSA || 3-11-17 ||O spiritually powerful one, you can understand the movements of eternal time, which is the controlling form of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Because you are a self-realized person, you can see everything by the power of mystic vision. ।। 3-11-17 ।।
- •siva.sh/srimad-bhagavatam/skandam-3/11/16विदुर उवाच पितृदेवमनुष्याणामायुः परमिदं स्मृतम् । परेषां गतिमाचक्ष्व ये स्युः कल्पाद्बहिर्विदः ।। ३-११-१६ ।।vidura uvAca pitRdevamanuSyANAmAyuH paramidaM smRtam | pareSAM gatimAcakSva ye syuH kalpAdbahirvidaH || 3-11-16 ||Vidura said: I now understand the life durations of the residents of the Pitā planets and heavenly planets as well as that of the human beings. Now kindly inform me of the durations of life of those greatly learned living entities who are beyond the range of a kalpa. ।। 3-11-16 ।।
- •siva.sh/srimad-bhagavatam/skandam-3/11/15यः सृज्यशक्तिमुरुधोच्छ्वसयन् स्वशक्त्या पुंसोऽभ्रमाय दिवि धावति भूतभेदः । कालाख्यया गुणमयं क्रतुभिर्वितन्वन् तस्मै बलिं हरत वत्सरपञ्चकाय ।। ३-११-१५ ।।yaH sRjyazaktimurudhocchvasayan svazaktyA puMso'bhramAya divi dhAvati bhUtabhedaH | kAlAkhyayA guNamayaM kratubhirvitanvan tasmai baliM harata vatsarapaJcakAya || 3-11-15 ||O Vidura, the sun enlivens all living entities with his unlimited heat and light. He diminishes the duration of life of all living entities in order to release them from their illusion of material attachment, and he enlarges the path of elevation to the heavenly kingdom. He thus moves in the firmament with great velocity, and therefore everyone should offer him respects once every five years with all ingredients of worship. ।। 3-11-15 ।।
- •siva.sh/srimad-bhagavatam/skandam-3/11/14संवत्सरः परिवत्सर इडावत्सर एव च । अनुवत्सरो वत्सरश्च विदुरैवं प्रभाष्यते ।। ३-११-१४ ।।saMvatsaraH parivatsara iDAvatsara eva ca | anuvatsaro vatsarazca viduraivaM prabhASyate || 3-11-14 ||There are five different names for the orbits of the sun, moon, stars and luminaries in the firmament, and they each have their own saṁvatsara. ।। 3-11-14 ।।
- •siva.sh/srimad-bhagavatam/skandam-3/11/13ग्रहर्क्षतारा चक्रस्थः परमाण्वादिना जगत् । संवत्सरावसानेन पर्येत्यनिमिषो विभुः ।। ३-१-१३ ।।graharkSatArA cakrasthaH paramANvAdinA jagat | saMvatsarAvasAnena paryetyanimiSo vibhuH || 3-1-13 ||Influential stars, planets, luminaries and atoms all over the universe are rotating in their respective orbits under the direction of the Supreme, represented by eternal kāla. ।। 3-11-13 ।।
- •siva.sh/srimad-bhagavatam/skandam-3/11/12अयने चाहनी प्राहुर्वत्सरो द्वादश स्मृतः । संवत्सरशतं नॄणां परमायुर्निरूपितम् ।। ३-११-१२ ।।ayane cAhanI prAhurvatsaro dvAdaza smRtaH | saMvatsarazataM nRRNAM paramAyurnirUpitam || 3-11-12 ||Two solar movements make one day and night of the demigods, and that combination of day and night is one complete calendar year for the human being. The human being has a duration of life of one hundred years. ।। 3-11-12 ।।
- •siva.sh/srimad-bhagavatam/skandam-3/11/11तयोः समुच्चयो मासः पितॄणां तदहर्निशम् । द्वौ तावृतुः षडयनं दक्षिणं चोत्तरं दिवि ।। ३-११-११ ।।tayoH samuccayo mAsaH pitRRNAM tadaharnizam | dvau tAvRtuH SaDayanaM dakSiNaM cottaraM divi || 3-11-11 ||The aggregate of two fortnights is one month, and that period is one complete day and night for the Pitā planets. Two of such months comprise one season, and six months comprise one complete movement of the sun from south to north. ।। 3-11-11 ।।
- •siva.sh/srimad-bhagavatam/skandam-3/11/10यामाश्चत्वारश्चत्वारो मर्त्यानामहनी उभे । पक्षः पञ्चदशाहानि शुक्लः कृष्णश्च मानद ।। ३-११-१० ।।yAmAzcatvArazcatvAro martyAnAmahanI ubhe | pakSaH paJcadazAhAni zuklaH kRSNazca mAnada || 3-11-10 || It is calculated that there are four praharas, which are also called yāmas, in the day and four in the night of the human being. Similarly, fifteen days and nights are a fortnight, and there are two fortnights, white and black, in a month. ।। 3-11-10 ।।
- •siva.sh/srimad-bhagavatam/skandam-3/11/9द्वादशार्धपलोन्मानं चतुर्भिश्चतुरङ्गुलैः । स्वर्णमाषैः कृतच्छिद्रं यावत्प्रस्थजलप्लुतम् ।। ३-११-९ ।।dvAdazArdhapalonmAnaM caturbhizcaturaGgulaiH | svarNamASaiH kRtacchidraM yAvatprasthajalaplutam || 3-11-9 ||The measuring pot for one nāḍikā, or daṇḍa, can be prepared with a six-pala-weight [fourteen ounce] pot of copper, in which a hole is bored with a gold probe weighing four māṣa and measuring four fingers long. When the pot is placed on water, the time before the water overflows in the pot is called one daṇḍa. ।। 3-11-9 ।।
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- •siva.sh/srimad-bhagavatam/skandam-3/11/18मैत्रेय उवाच कृतं त्रेता द्वापरं च कलिश्चेति चतुर्युगम् । दिव्यैर्द्वादशभिर्वर्षैः सावधानं निरूपितम् ।। ३-११-१८ ।।maitreya uvAca kRtaM tretA dvAparaM ca kalizceti caturyugam | divyairdvAdazabhirvarSaiH sAvadhAnaM nirUpitam || 3-11-18 ||Maitreya said: O Vidura, the four millenniums are called the Satya-, Tretā-, Dvāpara- and Kali-yuga. The aggregate number of years of all of these combined is equal to twelve thousand years of the demigods. ।। 3-11-18 ।।
- •siva.sh/srimad-bhagavatam/skandam-3/11/17भगवान् वेद कालस्य गतिं भगवतो ननु । विश्वं विचक्षते धीरा योगराद्धेन चक्षुषा ।। ३-११-१७ ।।bhagavAn veda kAlasya gatiM bhagavato nanu | vizvaM vicakSate dhIrA yogarAddhena cakSuSA || 3-11-17 ||O spiritually powerful one, you can understand the movements of eternal time, which is the controlling form of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Because you are a self-realized person, you can see everything by the power of mystic vision. ।। 3-11-17 ।।
- •siva.sh/srimad-bhagavatam/skandam-3/11/16विदुर उवाच पितृदेवमनुष्याणामायुः परमिदं स्मृतम् । परेषां गतिमाचक्ष्व ये स्युः कल्पाद्बहिर्विदः ।। ३-११-१६ ।।vidura uvAca pitRdevamanuSyANAmAyuH paramidaM smRtam | pareSAM gatimAcakSva ye syuH kalpAdbahirvidaH || 3-11-16 ||Vidura said: I now understand the life durations of the residents of the Pitā planets and heavenly planets as well as that of the human beings. Now kindly inform me of the durations of life of those greatly learned living entities who are beyond the range of a kalpa. ।। 3-11-16 ।।
- •siva.sh/srimad-bhagavatam/skandam-3/11/15यः सृज्यशक्तिमुरुधोच्छ्वसयन् स्वशक्त्या पुंसोऽभ्रमाय दिवि धावति भूतभेदः । कालाख्यया गुणमयं क्रतुभिर्वितन्वन् तस्मै बलिं हरत वत्सरपञ्चकाय ।। ३-११-१५ ।।yaH sRjyazaktimurudhocchvasayan svazaktyA puMso'bhramAya divi dhAvati bhUtabhedaH | kAlAkhyayA guNamayaM kratubhirvitanvan tasmai baliM harata vatsarapaJcakAya || 3-11-15 ||O Vidura, the sun enlivens all living entities with his unlimited heat and light. He diminishes the duration of life of all living entities in order to release them from their illusion of material attachment, and he enlarges the path of elevation to the heavenly kingdom. He thus moves in the firmament with great velocity, and therefore everyone should offer him respects once every five years with all ingredients of worship. ।। 3-11-15 ।।
- •siva.sh/srimad-bhagavatam/skandam-3/11/14संवत्सरः परिवत्सर इडावत्सर एव च । अनुवत्सरो वत्सरश्च विदुरैवं प्रभाष्यते ।। ३-११-१४ ।।saMvatsaraH parivatsara iDAvatsara eva ca | anuvatsaro vatsarazca viduraivaM prabhASyate || 3-11-14 ||There are five different names for the orbits of the sun, moon, stars and luminaries in the firmament, and they each have their own saṁvatsara. ।। 3-11-14 ।।
- •siva.sh/srimad-bhagavatam/skandam-3/11/13ग्रहर्क्षतारा चक्रस्थः परमाण्वादिना जगत् । संवत्सरावसानेन पर्येत्यनिमिषो विभुः ।। ३-१-१३ ।।graharkSatArA cakrasthaH paramANvAdinA jagat | saMvatsarAvasAnena paryetyanimiSo vibhuH || 3-1-13 ||Influential stars, planets, luminaries and atoms all over the universe are rotating in their respective orbits under the direction of the Supreme, represented by eternal kāla. ।। 3-11-13 ।।
- •siva.sh/srimad-bhagavatam/skandam-3/11/12अयने चाहनी प्राहुर्वत्सरो द्वादश स्मृतः । संवत्सरशतं नॄणां परमायुर्निरूपितम् ।। ३-११-१२ ।।ayane cAhanI prAhurvatsaro dvAdaza smRtaH | saMvatsarazataM nRRNAM paramAyurnirUpitam || 3-11-12 ||Two solar movements make one day and night of the demigods, and that combination of day and night is one complete calendar year for the human being. The human being has a duration of life of one hundred years. ।। 3-11-12 ।।
- •siva.sh/srimad-bhagavatam/skandam-3/11/11तयोः समुच्चयो मासः पितॄणां तदहर्निशम् । द्वौ तावृतुः षडयनं दक्षिणं चोत्तरं दिवि ।। ३-११-११ ।।tayoH samuccayo mAsaH pitRRNAM tadaharnizam | dvau tAvRtuH SaDayanaM dakSiNaM cottaraM divi || 3-11-11 ||The aggregate of two fortnights is one month, and that period is one complete day and night for the Pitā planets. Two of such months comprise one season, and six months comprise one complete movement of the sun from south to north. ।। 3-11-11 ।।
- •siva.sh/srimad-bhagavatam/skandam-3/11/10यामाश्चत्वारश्चत्वारो मर्त्यानामहनी उभे । पक्षः पञ्चदशाहानि शुक्लः कृष्णश्च मानद ।। ३-११-१० ।।yAmAzcatvArazcatvAro martyAnAmahanI ubhe | pakSaH paJcadazAhAni zuklaH kRSNazca mAnada || 3-11-10 || It is calculated that there are four praharas, which are also called yāmas, in the day and four in the night of the human being. Similarly, fifteen days and nights are a fortnight, and there are two fortnights, white and black, in a month. ।। 3-11-10 ।।
- •siva.sh/srimad-bhagavatam/skandam-3/11/9द्वादशार्धपलोन्मानं चतुर्भिश्चतुरङ्गुलैः । स्वर्णमाषैः कृतच्छिद्रं यावत्प्रस्थजलप्लुतम् ।। ३-११-९ ।।dvAdazArdhapalonmAnaM caturbhizcaturaGgulaiH | svarNamASaiH kRtacchidraM yAvatprasthajalaplutam || 3-11-9 ||The measuring pot for one nāḍikā, or daṇḍa, can be prepared with a six-pala-weight [fourteen ounce] pot of copper, in which a hole is bored with a gold probe weighing four māṣa and measuring four fingers long. When the pot is placed on water, the time before the water overflows in the pot is called one daṇḍa. ।। 3-11-9 ।।