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siva.sh/natyashastra/7/86

मरणं नाम व्याधिजमभिघातजञ्च । तत्र यदान्त्रयकृच्छूलदोषवैषम्य- गण्डपिटकज्वरविषूचिकादिभिरुत्पद्यते तद्व्याधिप्रभवम् । अभिघातजं तु शस्त्राहिदंशविषपानश्वापदगजतुरगरथपशुयानपात- विनाशप्रभवम् । एतयोरभिनयविशेषान्वक्ष्यामः - तत्र व्याधिजं विषण्णगात्राव्यायताङ्गविचेष्टितनिमीलितनयन- हिक्काश्वासोपेतानवेक्षितपरिजनाव्यक्ताक्षरकथनादिभिरनुभावैरभिनयेत् । अत्र श्लोको भवति - व्याधीनामेकभावो हि मरणाभिनयः स्मृतः । विषण्णगात्रैर्निश्चेष्टैरिन्द्रिअयैश्च विवर्जितः ॥ ८६॥

Death (maraṇa) comes through disease as well as accidental injury. Of these two kinds of death, that from sickness is caused by Determinants such as a malady of the intestine and the liver, colic pain, disturbance of humours, tumours, boils, fever, cholera, and the like. And that due to accidental injury is caused by weapons, snake bite, taking poison, [attack of] ferocious animals, injury due to falling down from elephant, horse, chariot and other vehicles. I shall now speak of the different methods of their representation on the stage. Death from disease is to be represented on the stage by Consequents such as looseness of the body, motionlessness of the limbs, closed eyes, hiccup, deep breathing, looking for family members, speaking indistinct words and the like.[5] There is a Śloka on this point: 86. Death due to disease is to be represented on the stage by one mark viz. loose body and inactive sense-organs. But death due to accidental injury is to be represented on the stage in different ways: e.g., [death due to] wound by weapons is to be represented by Consequents such as suddenly falling down on the ground and the like. In case of snake-bite or taking poison [there is a gradual] development of its symptoms which are eight in number, viz. thinness (of the body), tremor, burning sensation, hiccup, foam at the mouth, breaking of the neck, paralysis and death.

english translation

maraNaM nAma vyAdhijamabhighAtajaJca | tatra yadAntrayakRcchUladoSavaiSamya- gaNDapiTakajvaraviSUcikAdibhirutpadyate tadvyAdhiprabhavam | abhighAtajaM tu zastrAhidaMzaviSapAnazvApadagajaturagarathapazuyAnapAta- vinAzaprabhavam | etayorabhinayavizeSAnvakSyAmaH - tatra vyAdhijaM viSaNNagAtrAvyAyatAGgaviceSTitanimIlitanayana- hikkAzvAsopetAnavekSitaparijanAvyaktAkSarakathanAdibhiranubhAvairabhinayet | atra zloko bhavati - vyAdhInAmekabhAvo hi maraNAbhinayaH smRtaH | viSaNNagAtrairnizceSTairindriayaizca vivarjitaH || 86||

siva.sh/natyashastra/7/87

अभिघातजे तु नानाप्रकाराभिनयविशेषाः। शस्त्रक्षताहिदष्टविषपीत- गजादिपतितश्वापदहताः । यथा तत्र शस्त्रक्षते तावत्सहसा भूमिपतनवेपन- स्फुरणादिभिरभिनयः प्रयोक्तव्यः । अहिदष्टविषपीतयोर्विषयोगो यथा कार्श्यवेपथुविदाहहिक्काफेनस्कन्धभङ्गजडतामरणानीत्यष्टौ विषवेगाः । अत्र श्लोकौ भवतः - कार्श्यं तु प्रथमे वेगे द्वितीये वेपथुर्भवेत् । दाहं तृतीये हिक्कां च चतुर्थे सम्प्रयोजयेत् ॥ ८७॥

In the case of injuries caused by blows, various specialized acting techniques are to be employed. For those struck by weapons, bitten by snakes, poisoned, fallen from elephants or other animals, or attacked and killed by wild animals, the enactment should reflect the nature of the injury. When portraying individuals struck by weapons, the acting should involve sudden falling to the ground, trembling, throbbing, and similar reactions. For those bitten by snakes or poisoned, the effects of poison should be depicted according to its progression through eight stages: emaciation, trembling, burning, hiccup, frothing, breaking of the neck, stupefaction, and finally, death. Here are two relevant verses: 1. Emaciation is to be shown in the first stage, trembling in the second, burning in the third, and hiccup in the fourth stage. 2. The subsequent stages—frothing, breaking of the neck, stupefaction, and death—should be portrayed with appropriate actions to represent the complete effect of poisoning.

english translation

abhighAtaje tu nAnAprakArAbhinayavizeSAH| zastrakSatAhidaSTaviSapIta- gajAdipatitazvApadahatAH | yathA tatra zastrakSate tAvatsahasA bhUmipatanavepana- sphuraNAdibhirabhinayaH prayoktavyaH | ahidaSTaviSapItayorviSayogo yathA kArzyavepathuvidAhahikkAphenaskandhabhaGgajaDatAmaraNAnItyaSTau viSavegAH | atra zlokau bhavataH - kArzyaM tu prathame vege dvitIye vepathurbhavet | dAhaM tRtIye hikkAM ca caturthe samprayojayet || 87||

siva.sh/natyashastra/7/88

फेनञ्च पञ्चमे कुर्यात्षष्ठे स्कन्धस्य भञ्जनम् । जडतां सप्तमे कुर्यादष्टमे मरणं भवेत् ॥ ८८॥

In the fifth, one should make foam, in the sixth, the breaking of the body, in the seventh, one should make dullness, in the eighth, death would occur.

english translation

phenaJca paJcame kuryAtSaSThe skandhasya bhaJjanam | jaDatAM saptame kuryAdaSTame maraNaM bhavet || 88||

siva.sh/natyashastra/7/89

अत्रार्या भवति - श्वापदगजतुरगरथोद्भवं तु पशुयानपतनजं वाऽपि । शास्त्रक्षतवत्कुर्यादनवेक्षितगात्रसञ्चारम् ॥ ८९॥

Death due to [an attack of] a ferocious animal, elephant, horse, or falling from chariots and mounts, and wound by weapons should be represented by absence of any further movement of the body.

english translation

atrAryA bhavati - zvApadagajaturagarathodbhavaM tu pazuyAnapatanajaM vA'pi | zAstrakSatavatkuryAdanavekSitagAtrasaJcAram || 89||

siva.sh/natyashastra/7/90

इत्येव मरणं ज्ञेयं नानावस्थान्तरात्मकम् । प्रयोक्तव्यं बुधैः सम्यग्यथा भवाङ्गचेष्टितैः ॥ ९०॥

Thus death occurs under various conditions. It should be represented by suitable words, gestures and movements.

english translation

ityeva maraNaM jJeyaM nAnAvasthAntarAtmakam | prayoktavyaM budhaiH samyagyathA bhavAGgaceSTitaiH || 90||