Natyashastra

siva.sh/natyashastra/7/86

मरणं नाम व्याधिजमभिघातजञ्च । तत्र यदान्त्रयकृच्छूलदोषवैषम्य- गण्डपिटकज्वरविषूचिकादिभिरुत्पद्यते तद्व्याधिप्रभवम् । अभिघातजं तु शस्त्राहिदंशविषपानश्वापदगजतुरगरथपशुयानपात- विनाशप्रभवम् । एतयोरभिनयविशेषान्वक्ष्यामः - तत्र व्याधिजं विषण्णगात्राव्यायताङ्गविचेष्टितनिमीलितनयन- हिक्काश्वासोपेतानवेक्षितपरिजनाव्यक्ताक्षरकथनादिभिरनुभावैरभिनयेत् । अत्र श्लोको भवति - व्याधीनामेकभावो हि मरणाभिनयः स्मृतः । विषण्णगात्रैर्निश्चेष्टैरिन्द्रिअयैश्च विवर्जितः ॥ ८६॥

sanskrit

Death (maraṇa) comes through disease as well as accidental injury. Of these two kinds of death, that from sickness is caused by Determinants such as a malady of the intestine and the liver, colic pain, disturbance of humours, tumours, boils, fever, cholera, and the like. And that due to accidental injury is caused by weapons, snake bite, taking poison, [attack of] ferocious animals, injury due to falling down from elephant, horse, chariot and other vehicles. I shall now speak of the different methods of their representation on the stage. Death from disease is to be represented on the stage by Consequents such as looseness of the body, motionlessness of the limbs, closed eyes, hiccup, deep breathing, looking for family members, speaking indistinct words and the like.[5] There is a Śloka on this point: 86. Death due to disease is to be represented on the stage by one mark viz. loose body and inactive sense-organs. But death due to accidental injury is to be represented on the stage in different ways: e.g., [death due to] wound by weapons is to be represented by Consequents such as suddenly falling down on the ground and the like. In case of snake-bite or taking poison [there is a gradual] development of its symptoms which are eight in number, viz. thinness (of the body), tremor, burning sensation, hiccup, foam at the mouth, breaking of the neck, paralysis and death.

english translation

maraNaM nAma vyAdhijamabhighAtajaJca | tatra yadAntrayakRcchUladoSavaiSamya- gaNDapiTakajvaraviSUcikAdibhirutpadyate tadvyAdhiprabhavam | abhighAtajaM tu zastrAhidaMzaviSapAnazvApadagajaturagarathapazuyAnapAta- vinAzaprabhavam | etayorabhinayavizeSAnvakSyAmaH - tatra vyAdhijaM viSaNNagAtrAvyAyatAGgaviceSTitanimIlitanayana- hikkAzvAsopetAnavekSitaparijanAvyaktAkSarakathanAdibhiranubhAvairabhinayet | atra zloko bhavati - vyAdhInAmekabhAvo hi maraNAbhinayaH smRtaH | viSaNNagAtrairnizceSTairindriayaizca vivarjitaH || 86||

hk transliteration by Sanscript

siva.sh/natyashastra/7/86

मरणं नाम व्याधिजमभिघातजञ्च । तत्र यदान्त्रयकृच्छूलदोषवैषम्य- गण्डपिटकज्वरविषूचिकादिभिरुत्पद्यते तद्व्याधिप्रभवम् । अभिघातजं तु शस्त्राहिदंशविषपानश्वापदगजतुरगरथपशुयानपात- विनाशप्रभवम् । एतयोरभिनयविशेषान्वक्ष्यामः - तत्र व्याधिजं विषण्णगात्राव्यायताङ्गविचेष्टितनिमीलितनयन- हिक्काश्वासोपेतानवेक्षितपरिजनाव्यक्ताक्षरकथनादिभिरनुभावैरभिनयेत् । अत्र श्लोको भवति - व्याधीनामेकभावो हि मरणाभिनयः स्मृतः । विषण्णगात्रैर्निश्चेष्टैरिन्द्रिअयैश्च विवर्जितः ॥ ८६॥

sanskrit

Death (maraṇa) comes through disease as well as accidental injury. Of these two kinds of death, that from sickness is caused by Determinants such as a malady of the intestine and the liver, colic pain, disturbance of humours, tumours, boils, fever, cholera, and the like. And that due to accidental injury is caused by weapons, snake bite, taking poison, [attack of] ferocious animals, injury due to falling down from elephant, horse, chariot and other vehicles. I shall now speak of the different methods of their representation on the stage. Death from disease is to be represented on the stage by Consequents such as looseness of the body, motionlessness of the limbs, closed eyes, hiccup, deep breathing, looking for family members, speaking indistinct words and the like.[5] There is a Śloka on this point: 86. Death due to disease is to be represented on the stage by one mark viz. loose body and inactive sense-organs. But death due to accidental injury is to be represented on the stage in different ways: e.g., [death due to] wound by weapons is to be represented by Consequents such as suddenly falling down on the ground and the like. In case of snake-bite or taking poison [there is a gradual] development of its symptoms which are eight in number, viz. thinness (of the body), tremor, burning sensation, hiccup, foam at the mouth, breaking of the neck, paralysis and death.

english translation

maraNaM nAma vyAdhijamabhighAtajaJca | tatra yadAntrayakRcchUladoSavaiSamya- gaNDapiTakajvaraviSUcikAdibhirutpadyate tadvyAdhiprabhavam | abhighAtajaM tu zastrAhidaMzaviSapAnazvApadagajaturagarathapazuyAnapAta- vinAzaprabhavam | etayorabhinayavizeSAnvakSyAmaH - tatra vyAdhijaM viSaNNagAtrAvyAyatAGgaviceSTitanimIlitanayana- hikkAzvAsopetAnavekSitaparijanAvyaktAkSarakathanAdibhiranubhAvairabhinayet | atra zloko bhavati - vyAdhInAmekabhAvo hi maraNAbhinayaH smRtaH | viSaNNagAtrairnizceSTairindriayaizca vivarjitaH || 86||

hk transliteration by Sanscript