Charak Samhita

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/25/36

तद्यथा- आहारत्वमाहारस्यैकविधमर्थाभेदात्; स पुनर्द्वियोनिः, स्थावरजङ्गमात्मकत्वात्; द्विविधप्रभावः,हिताहितोदर्कविशेषात्; चतुर्विधोपयोगः, पानाशनभक्ष्यलेह्योपयोगात्; षडास्वादः, रसभेदतः षड्विधत्वात्; विंशतिगुणः,गुरुलघुशीतोष्णस्निग्धरूक्षमन्दतीक्ष्णस्थिरसरमृदुकठिन- विशदपिच्छिलश्लक्ष्णखरसूक्ष्मस्थूलसान्द्रद्रवानुगमात्;अपरिसङ्ख्येयविकल्पः, द्रव्यसंयोगकरणबाहुल्यात् ||३६||

sanskrit

[The classification of food] The dietetic classification of food is as follows: Food is all of one kind in the view of eatability as a common feature. According to the source, food articles are of two types – those based on vegetable sources and those that are based on animal products. It is also of two types based on specific action: actions that have a positive effect and actions that have an unhealthy, unwholesome, or negative effect. Food can also be classified into four groups by the way it is ingested: drinkables, eatables, chewables, and linctuses. Another method of classification categorizes food by taste – and these are six categories. Similarly, from the point of view of their texture or properties, food articles are twenty types : heavy, light, cold, hot, unctuous, dry, slow (dull), sharp, stable, fluidity, soft, hard, clear, viscid, refined, smooth, rough, subtle, gross, dense (or solid) and liquid. Thus, classifications of food can be countless due to the sheer diversity of ingredients, combinations and their preparations.

english translation

tadyathA- AhAratvamAhArasyaikavidhamarthAbhedAt; sa punardviyoniH, sthAvarajaGgamAtmakatvAt; dvividhaprabhAvaH,hitAhitodarkavizeSAt; caturvidhopayogaH, pAnAzanabhakSyalehyopayogAt; SaDAsvAdaH, rasabhedataH SaDvidhatvAt; viMzatiguNaH,gurulaghuzItoSNasnigdharUkSamandatIkSNasthirasaramRdukaThina- vizadapicchilazlakSNakharasUkSmasthUlasAndradravAnugamAt;aparisaGkhyeyavikalpaH, dravyasaMyogakaraNabAhulyAt ||36||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/25/37

तस्य खलु ये ये विकारावयवा भूयिष्ठमुपयुज्यन्ते, भूयिष्ठकल्पानां च मनुष्याणां प्रकृत्यैव हिततमाश्चाहिततमाश्च, तांस्तान्यथावदुपदेक्ष्यामः ||३७||

sanskrit

[Two main classes of diet] Nevertheless, we shall now delve upon certain classes of food articles that are mostly commonly used and are naturally the most wholesome and unwholesome to the majority of human beings.

english translation

tasya khalu ye ye vikArAvayavA bhUyiSThamupayujyante, bhUyiSThakalpAnAM ca manuSyANAM prakRtyaiva hitatamAzcAhitatamAzca, tAMstAnyathAvadupadekSyAmaH ||37||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/25/38

तद्यथा- लोहितशालयः शूकधान्यानां पथ्यतमत्वे श्रेष्ठतमा भवन्ति, मुद्गाः शमीधान्यानाम्, आन्तरिक्षमुदकानां, सैन्धवंलवणानां, जीवन्तीशाकं शाकानाम्, ऐणेयं मृगमांसानां, लावः पक्षिणां, गोधा बिलेशयानां, रोहितो मत्स्यानां, गव्यं सर्पिःसर्पिषां, गोक्षीरं क्षीराणां, तिलतैलं स्थावरजातानां स्नेहानां, वराहवसा आनूपमृगवसानां, चुलुकीवसा मत्स्यवसानां,पाकहंसवसा जलचरविहङ्गवसानां, कुक्कुटवसा विष्किरशकुनिवसानां, अजमेदः शाखादमेदसां, शृङ्गवेरं कन्दानां, मृद्वीकाफलानां, शर्करेक्षुविकाराणाम्, इति प्रकृत्यैव हिततमानामाहारविकाराणां प्राधान्यतो द्रव्याणि व्याख्यातानि भवन्ति ||३८||

sanskrit

[Wholesome(beneficial) food articles] The most beneficial among food articles are thus: Red rice (Oryza Sativa Linn.) is the best among all cereal crops having bristles, green gram (phascolus mungalim) among pulses, rain water (collected directly before falling on ground) among various types of drinking water, rock salt among salts, jiwanti (Leptadenia reticulate W.S.A.) among pot herbs, antelope (ena) among meat of animals, common quail (lava) among meat of birds, the iguana (godha) among meat of burrowing animals, rohita among fishes, cow ghee among ghee, cow milk among milk, the tila (sesame) oil among fats of vegetable sources, lard (hog's fat) among the fats of marshy animals, fat of chuluki (gangetic dolphin) among fish fat, the fat of pakahamsa (white swan) among fats of aquatic birds, the fat of hen among fats of gallinaceous types of birds, the fat of goat among fats of branch-eating animals, ginger among rhizomes and roots, grapes among fruits, and sugar among the products of sugarcane. In this manner, various natural food articles have been identified to be the most wholesome in their class.

english translation

tadyathA- lohitazAlayaH zUkadhAnyAnAM pathyatamatve zreSThatamA bhavanti, mudgAH zamIdhAnyAnAm, AntarikSamudakAnAM, saindhavaMlavaNAnAM, jIvantIzAkaM zAkAnAm, aiNeyaM mRgamAMsAnAM, lAvaH pakSiNAM, godhA bilezayAnAM, rohito matsyAnAM, gavyaM sarpiHsarpiSAM, gokSIraM kSIrANAM, tilatailaM sthAvarajAtAnAM snehAnAM, varAhavasA AnUpamRgavasAnAM, culukIvasA matsyavasAnAM,pAkahaMsavasA jalacaravihaGgavasAnAM, kukkuTavasA viSkirazakunivasAnAM, ajamedaH zAkhAdamedasAM, zRGgaveraM kandAnAM, mRdvIkAphalAnAM, zarkarekSuvikArANAm, iti prakRtyaiva hitatamAnAmAhAravikArANAM prAdhAnyato dravyANi vyAkhyAtAni bhavanti ||38||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/25/39

अहिततमानप्युपदेक्ष्यामः- यवकाः शूकधान्यानामपथ्यतमत्वेन प्रकृष्टतमा भवन्ति, माषाः शमीधान्यानां,वर्षानादेयमुदकानाम्, ऊषरं लवणानां, सर्षपशाकं शाकानां, गोमांसं मृगमांसानां, काणकपोतः पक्षिणां, भेको बिलेशयानां,चिलिचिमो मत्स्यानाम्, आविकं सर्पिः सर्पिषाम्, अविक्षीरं क्षीराणां, कुसुम्भस्नेहः स्थावरस्नेहानां, महिषवसाआनूपमृगवसानां, कुम्भीरवसा मत्स्यवसानां, काकमद्गुवसा जलचरविहङ्गवसानां, चटकवसा विष्किरशुकनिवसानां,हस्तिमेदः शाखादमेदसां, निकुचं फलानाम्, आलुकं कन्दानां, फाणितमिक्षुविकाराणाम्, इतिप्रकृत्यैवाहिततमानामाहारविकाराणां प्रकृष्टतमानि द्रव्याणि व्याख्यातानि भवन्ति; (इति) हिताहितावयवो व्याख्यातआहारविकाराणाम् ||३९||

sanskrit

[Unwholesome (harmful) food articles] Now here are the most unwholesome of food articles: Yavak (wild barley) is the most unwholesome among cereal crops with bristles, masha (phaseolus radiations linn) among pulses, river water in the rainy season among types of drinking water, ushara (saline soil salt) among salts, mustard leaf among pot herbs, beef among meat of animals, young dove (kapota) among meat of birds, frog meat among meat of burrowing animals, chilichima meat among meat of fishes, ghee made of sheep’s milk among ghee, sheep milk among milk, oil of kusumbha (Canthamus finctorious liom) among vegetable fats, fat of the water buffalo among fats of marshy animals, fat of gangetic gharial (kumbhira) among the fats of fishes, the fat of water foul among fats of aquatic animal, fat of the sparrow (chatak) among fats of gallinaceous types of bird, fat of elephant among fats of branch-eating animals, the nikucha (Atrocarpus nikucha Roxb.) among fruits, the aluka among the bulbs, phanita (treacle) among derivatives of sugarcane, etc. These above (mentioned food articles) have been enumerated, each of which is the most unwholesome of its class naturally. The wholesome food articles and unwholesome food articles have been explained in such context.

english translation

ahitatamAnapyupadekSyAmaH- yavakAH zUkadhAnyAnAmapathyatamatvena prakRSTatamA bhavanti, mASAH zamIdhAnyAnAM,varSAnAdeyamudakAnAm, USaraM lavaNAnAM, sarSapazAkaM zAkAnAM, gomAMsaM mRgamAMsAnAM, kANakapotaH pakSiNAM, bheko bilezayAnAM,cilicimo matsyAnAm, AvikaM sarpiH sarpiSAm, avikSIraM kSIrANAM, kusumbhasnehaH sthAvarasnehAnAM, mahiSavasAAnUpamRgavasAnAM, kumbhIravasA matsyavasAnAM, kAkamadguvasA jalacaravihaGgavasAnAM, caTakavasA viSkirazukanivasAnAM,hastimedaH zAkhAdamedasAM, nikucaM phalAnAm, AlukaM kandAnAM, phANitamikSuvikArANAm, itiprakRtyaivAhitatamAnAmAhAravikArANAM prakRSTatamAni dravyANi vyAkhyAtAni bhavanti; (iti) hitAhitAvayavo vyAkhyAtaAhAravikArANAm ||39||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/25/40

अतो भूयः कर्मौषधानां च प्राधान्यतः सानुबन्धानि द्रव्याण्यनुव्याख्यास्यामः| तद्यथा- अन्नं वृत्तिकराणां श्रेष्ठम्, उदकमाश्वासकराणां (सुरा श्रमहराणां), क्षीरं जीवनीयानां, मांसं बृंहणीयानां,रसस्तर्पणीयानां, लवणमन्नद्रव्यरुचिकराणाम्, अम्लं हृद्यानां, कुक्कुटो बल्यानां, नक्ररेतो वृष्याणां, मधुश्लेष्मपित्तप्रशमनानां, सर्पिर्वातपित्तप्रशमनानां, तैलं वातश्लेष्मप्रशमनानां, वमनं श्लेष्महराणां, विरेचनं पित्तहराणां,बस्तिर्वातहराणां, स्वेदो मार्दवकराणां, व्यायामः स्थैर्यकराणां, क्षारः पुंस्त्वोपघातिनां, (तिन्दुकमनन्नद्रव्यरुचिकराणाम् ,)आमं कपित्थमकण्ठ्यानाम्, आविकं सर्पिरहृद्यानाम्, अजाक्षीरं शोषघ्नस्तन्यसात्म्यरक्तसाङ्ग्राहिकरक्तपित्तप्रशमनानाम्,अविक्षीरं श्लेष्मपित्तजननानां, महिषीक्षीरं स्वप्नजननानां, मन्दकं दध्यभिष्यन्दकराणां, गवेधुकान्नं कर्शनीयानाम्,उद्दालकान्नं विरूक्षणीयानाम्, इक्षुर्मूत्रजननानां, यवाः पुरीषजननानां, जाम्बवं वातजननानां, शष्कुल्यः श्लेष्मपित्तजननानां,कुलत्था अम्लपित्तजननानां, माषाः श्लेष्मपित्तजननानां, मदनफलं वमनास्थापनानुवासनोपयोगिनां, त्रिवृत् सुखविरेचनानां,चतुरङ्गुलो मृदुविरेचनानां, स्नुक्पयस्तीक्ष्णविरेचननां, प्रत्यक्पुष्पा शिरोविरेचनानां, विडङ्गं क्रिमिघ्नानां, शिरीषो विषघ्नानां,खदिरः कुष्ठघ्नानां, रास्ना वातहराणाम्, आमलकं वयःस्थापनानां, हरीतकी पथ्यानाम्, एरण्डमूलं वृष्यवातहराणां,पिप्पलीमूलं दीपनीयपाचनीयानाहप्रशमनानां, चित्रकमूलं दीपनीयपाचनीयगुदशोथार्शःशूलहराणां, पुष्करमूलंहिक्काश्वासकासपार्श्वशूलहराणां, मुस्तं साङ्ग्राहिकदीपनीयपाचनीयानाम्, उदीच्यंनिर्वापणदीपनीयपाचनीयच्छर्द्यतीसारहराणां, कट्वङ्गं साङ्ग्राहिकपाचनीयदीपनीयानाम्, अनन्तासाङ्ग्राहिकरक्तपित्तप्रशमनानाम्, अमृता साङ्ग्राहिकवातहरदीपनीयश्लेष्मशोणितविबन्धप्रशमनानां, बिल्वंसाङ्ग्राहिकदीपनीयवातकफप्रशमनानाम्, अतिविषा दीपनीयपाचनीयसाङ्ग्राहिकसर्वदोषहराणाम्,उत्पलकुमुदपद्मकिञ्जल्कः साङ्ग्राहिकरक्तपित्तप्रशमनानां, दुरालभा पित्तश्लेष्मप्रशमनानां, गन्धप्रियङ्गुःशोणितपित्तातियोगप्रशमनानां, कुटजत्वक् श्लेष्मपित्तरक्तसाङ्ग्राहिकोपशोषणानां, काश्मर्यफलंरक्तसाङ्ग्राहिकरक्तपित्तप्रशमनानां, पृश्निपर्णी साङ्ग्राहिकवातहरदीपनीयवृष्याणां, विदारिगन्धा वृष्यसर्वदोषहराणां, बलासाङ्ग्राहिकबल्यवातहराणां, गोक्षुरको मूत्रकृच्छ्रानिलहराणां, हिङ्गुनिर्यासश्छेदनीयदीपनीयानुलोमिकवातकफप्रशमनानाम्,अम्लवेतसो भेदनीयदीपनीयानुलोमिकवातश्लेष्महराणां, यावशूकः स्रंसनीयपाचनीयार्शोघ्नानां, तक्राभ्यासोग्रहणीदोषशोफार्शोघृतव्यापत्प्रशमनानां, क्रव्यान्मांसरसाभ्यासो ग्रहणीदोषशोषार्शोघ्नानां, क्षीरघृताभ्यासो रसायनानां,समघृतसक्तुप्राशाभ्यासो वृष्योदावर्तहराणां, तैलगण्डूषाभ्यासो दन्तबलरुचिकराणां, चन्दनं दुर्गन्धहरदाहनिर्वापणलेपनानां,रास्नागुरुणी शीतापनयनप्रलेपनानां, लामज्जकोशीरं दाहत्वग्दोषस्वेदापनयनप्रलेपनानां, कुष्ठंवातहराभ्यङ्गोपनाहोपयोगिनां, मधुकं चक्षुष्यवृष्यकेश्यकण्ठ्यवर्ण्यविरजनीयरोपणीयानां, वायुः प्राणसञ्ज्ञाप्रदानहेतूनाम्,अग्निरामस्तम्भशीतशूलोद्वेपनप्रशमनानां, जलं स्तम्भनीयानां, मृद्भृष्टलोष्ट्रनिर्वापितमुदकंतृष्णाच्छर्द्यतियोगप्रशमनानाम्, अतिमात्राशनमामप्रदोषहेतूनां, यथाग्न्यभ्यवहारोऽग्निसन्धुक्षणानां, यथासात्म्यंचेष्टाभ्यवहारौ सेव्यानां, कालभोजनमारोग्यकराणां, तृप्तिराहारगुणानां, वेगसन्धारणमनारोग्यकराणां, मद्यंसौमनस्यजननानां, मद्याक्षेपो धीधृतिस्मृतिहराणां, गुरुभोजनं दुर्विपाककराणाम्, एकाशनभोजनं सुखपरिणामकराणां,स्त्रीष्वतिप्रसङ्गः शोषकराणां, शुक्रवेगनिग्रहः षाण्ड्यकराणां, पराघातनमन्नाश्रद्धाजननानाम्, अनशनमायुषो ह्रासकराणां,प्रमिताशनं कर्शनीयानाम्, अजीर्णाध्यशनं ग्रहणीदूषणानां, विषमाशनमग्निवैषम्यकराणां, विरुद्धवीर्याशनंनिन्दितव्याधिकराणां, प्रशमः पथ्यानां, आयासः सर्वापथ्यानां, मिथ्यायोगो व्याधिकराणां, रजस्वलाभिगमनमलक्ष्मीमुखानां,ब्रह्मचर्यमायुष्याणां, परदाराभिगमनमनायुष्याणां, सङ्कल्पो वृष्याणां, दौर्मनस्यमवृष्याणाम्, अयथाबलमारम्भःप्राणोपरोधिनां, विषादो रोगवर्धनानां, स्नानं श्रमहराणां, हर्षः प्रीणनानां, शोकः शोषणानां, निवृत्तिः पुष्टिकराणां,पुष्टिःस्वप्नकराणाम्, अतिस्वप्नस्तन्द्राकराणां, सर्वरसाभ्यासो बलकराणाम्, एकरसाभ्यासो दौर्बल्यकराणां,गर्भशल्यमाहार्याणाम्, अजीर्णमुद्धार्याणां, बालो मृदुभेषजीयानां, वृद्धो याप्यानां, गर्भिणीतीक्ष्णौषधव्यवायव्यायामवर्जनीयानां, सौमनस्यं गर्भधारणानां, सन्निपातो दुश्चिकित्स्यानाम्, आमो विषमचिकित्स्यानां ,ज्वरो रोगाणां, कुष्ठं दीर्घरोगाणां, राजयक्ष्मा रोगसमूहानां, प्रमेहोऽनुषङ्गिणां, जलौकसोऽनुशस्त्राणां, बस्तिस्तन्त्राणां,हिमवानौषधिभूमीनां, सोम ओषधीनां, मरुभूमिरारोग्यदेशानाम्, अनूपोऽहितदेशानाम्, निर्देशकारित्वमातुरगुणानां, भिषक्चिकित्साङ्गानां, नास्तिकोवर्ज्यानां, लौल्यं क्लेशकराणाम्, अनिर्देशकारित्वमरिष्टानां, अनिर्वेदो वार्तलक्षणानां, वैद्यसमूहोनिःसंशयकराणं, योगो वैद्यगुणानां, विज्ञानमौषधीनां, शास्त्रसहितस्तर्कः साधनानां, सम्प्रतिपत्तिः कालज्ञानप्रयोजनानाम्,अव्यवसायः कालातिपत्तिहेतूनां, दृष्टकर्मता निःसंशयकराणाम्, असमर्थता भयकराणां, तद्विद्यसम्भाषा बुद्धिवर्धनानाम्,आचार्यः शास्त्राधिगमहेतूनाम्, आयुर्वेदोऽमृतानां, सद्वचनमनुष्ठेयानाम्, असद्ग्रहणं सर्वाहितानां, सर्वसन्न्यासःसुखानामिति ||४०||

sanskrit

[Agrya samgraha (collections of best food articles, factors and drugs in various conditions)] In addition to the above mentioned food articles, the table below provides a ready reference of key food articles and Ayurvedic therapies and their superior qualities: 1. Food (anna):- Sustenance of life (Vrittikara) 2. Water (udaka) :- Production of soothing effect/refreshing agent (ashwaskara) 3. Wine (sura) :- Dispelling fatigue/wine among acopics(shramahara) 4. Milk (ksheera) :- Invigorating/vitilizers (jivaniya) 5. Meat (mamsa) :- Nourishing (brihmana) 6. Meat soup (mamsa rasa) :- Refreshing/Demulcents (Tarpana) 7. Salt (lavana) :- Appetizers (ruchikaraka) for taste 8. Sour things (amla rasa) :- Tasty medication for the heart (hridya) 9. Meat of chicken (kukkuta mamsa) :- Strength promoting (balya) 10. Semen of crocodile (''nakraretasa'') :- Having aphrodisiac action/virility enhancers (vrishya) 11. Honey (madhu) :- Alleviating kapha and pitta (shlesma pitta prashamana) 12. Ghee (ghrita) :- Alleviating vata and pitta (vata pitta prashamana) 13. Sesame oil ( tila taila) :- Alleviating vata and kapha (vata shleshmana prashamana) 14. Emesis (vamana) :- Eliminating kapha (shlesmahara) 15. Purgation (virechana) :- Eliminating pitta (pittahara) 16. Enema (basti) :- Eliminating vata(vatahara) 17. Fomentation/sudation (sweda) :- Bringing about smoothness in body/soften the body(mardavakara) 18. Exercise (vyayama) :- Bringing about firmness/stability (sthairyakara) 19. Alkalies (kshara) :- Causing impotency/impair manhood (punsatvopaghata) 20. Tinduka (Diospyros Peregrina Gurke) :- Bringing about deliciousness in non-dietetic food articles. The false mangosteen among appetizers (annadravyaruchikara) 21. Unripe Kapittha (FeroniaLimonia Swingle) or unripe wood apple:- Producing harmful effect on throat (akanthyanam) 22. Ghee of sheep milk (Avika sarpi) :- Producing bad effect on heart/Non cardials (ahridryakara) 23. Goat milk (ajaksheera) :- Producing wholesome and galactogoque effect, and curing consumption, and raktapitta (A disease characterized by bleeding from different part of body) 24. Sheep milk (aviksheera) :- Vitiating kapha and pitta (shleshmana pitta janana) 25. Buffalo milk (mahishi ksheera) :- Inducing sleep (swapna janana) 26. Immature (incompletely formed) curd (mandak dadhi) :- Obstructing channels of circulation/viscidifying agents (abhishyandakara) 27. Food Prepared of boiled Job’s tears/gavedhuka [Tritium aestivum Linn. ] :- Emaciating/depleters (karshaniya) 28. Food prepared of boiled uddalaka (Paspalum scrobiculatum) :- Drying/reduces unctuous element in body (virukshaniya) 29. Sugarcane (ikshu) :- Produces diuresis / increases quantity of urine (mutrajanana) 30. Barley (yava) :- Increasing quantity of feces (purishajanana) 31. Jambu [Syzygium cumini skeels] :- Aggreviating vata (vata janana) 32. Shashkuli (type of pastry) (or oils) :- Provoke kapha and pitta (shleshma pitta janana) 33. Kulattha (Dolichos biflorus Linn) or horse gram:- Causes amlapitta (acid dyspepsia) 34. Masha (Phaseolous radiates Linn or black gram) :- Increase of kapha and pitta(shleshmana pitta janana) 35. Fruit of madana [Randiadumetorun Lam. ] or emetic Nut:- Used in emesis, and corrective and unctuous enema (Vamana asthapanaanuvasanopayogi) 36. Trivrita [Operculina turpethum R. B. ] or turpeth:- Causes easy purgation (sukha virechana) 37. Aragvadha [Cassia fistula Linn] :- Causes mild purgation (mridu virechana) 38. Milk of Snuhi [Euphorbia nerifolia Linn. ] thorny milk hedge plant:- Causing strong purgations (tikshna virechana) 39. Apamarga [Achyranthes aspera Linn. ] Rough chaff:- Eliminating doshas from head/these are errhines (shiro virechana) 40. Vidanga [Embelia ribes Bur M. F. ] :- Killing parasites/among all Anthelmintics (krimighna) 41. Shirisha [Albizzia lebbeck Benth. ] :- Produces antitoxic effects/among all antidotes (vishaghna) 42. Khadira [Acacia catechu Willd. ] :- Curing obstinate skin desease including leprosy/dermic remedics (kushtaghna) 43. Rasna [Pluchea lanceolata Oliver and Hiern] :- Alleviating vata (vatahara) 44. Amalaka [Emblica offiinalis Gaern] or Emblic Myrobalan :- Anti–ageing / causing rejuventation (vaya sthapana) 45. Haritaki [Terminalia Chebula] or Chebulic Myrobalan:- Producing wholesome effect (pathya) 46. Root of Eranda [Ricinus communis Linn] or castor oil:- Increasing virility and alleviating vata (vrishya vatahara) 47. Root of pippali [Piper longum Linn] or long pepper:- Digestive stimulant, carminative, relieves abdominal distension (Deepaniya pachaniya anahprasamana) 48. Root of chitraka [Plumbago Zeylanica] or white flowered lead wort:- Promotes digestion, carmination,inflammation in anal region, curing of piles, subside colic pain [Deepaniya pachaniya gudashotha arshashula haranam] 49. Pushkaramula [Inula racemosa] or orris root:- Curtive of hiccups, dyspnea, pleurodynea, cough (Hikka shwasa kasa parshvashulahara) 50. Musta [Cyperus rotundus Linn. ] or Nut grass:- Causing astringent effect, promoting digestion & carmination (Sangrahika deepaniya pachaniya) 51. Udichya (Pavonia adorata Willd. ) or fragrant Sticky Mallow:- Producing cooling effect (refrigerant), promoting digestion and carmination curing vomiting and diarrhea (Nirvapana dipaniya pachaniya chhardi atisarahara) 52. Shyonaka [Oroxylum indicun Vent. ] or free of heaven or katvanga:- Causing astringent effect, digestive stimulant, digestives (Sangrahika pachaniya dipaniyanam) 53. Ananta [Hemidesmus indicus R. B. ] or Indian sarsaparilla:- Causing astringent, curing raktapitta/ (Sangrahika raktapitta prashama) 54. Guduchi [Tinospora Cordifolia miers] or amrita:- Act as astringent, curative of vata, promotes digestion, curative of vitiation of kapha and blood (sangrahika vataharadipaniya shleshma shonita vibandha prashamana). 55. Bilva [Aegle Marmelos Corr] or bael:- Causing astringent effect, promote digestion, alleviating vata and kapha (sangrahika dipaniya vata kapha prashamana) 56. Ativisha (Aconitum Heterophylum wall] or atips:- Causing astringent effect, promote digestion, carmination and alleviating all the dosha or curative of all the disorders. (dipaniya pachaniya sangrahika sarvadoshaharanam) 57. Pollens of utpala [Nymphaca alba Linn. ], kumuda (a variety of utpala) and padma [Nelumbo nucifera gaertn. ] or pollen of blue and white water lilies:- Astringent effect, alleviating raktapitta (sangrahika raktapitta prashamana). 58. Duralabha [Fagonia Cretica Linn. ] or cretsn prickly clover:- Curative of pitta and kapha (pitta shleshma prashamana) 59. Priyangu [Callicarpa macrophylla Vahi. ] or the perfumed cherry:- Alleviate the plethoric condition of blood and pitta (shonita pittatiyoga prashamana) 60. Bark of kutaja [Holarrhena antidyscenterica wall. ] or kurchi bark:- Among astringent and dessicant of kapha, pitta and the blood (shlesma pitta raktasangrahikopsosananam). 61. Fruit of kashmari (Gmelina arboria) or fruit of white teak:- Causing haemostasis and curing raktapitta (Rakta sangrahika raktapitta prashamana) 62. Prishniparni (Uraria picta Desv. ) or painted leaved uraria:- Causing astringent effect, alleviating vata and promoting digestion and virility (aphrodisiac) (sangrahika vatahara dipaniya vrishyanam) 63. Shalaparni (Desmodium gangetium D. C. ) or tick trefoil or vidarigandha:- Aphrodisiac effect and alleviating all the dosha. (Vrishya sarvadoshaharanam) 64. Bala (Sida Cordifolia Linn. ) or the heart leaved sida:- Having astringent effect, promoting strength, curative of vata (sangrahikopshoshananam). 65. Gokshura (Tribulus terrestris Linn. ) or the small calatrops:- Curing dysuria & vata (mutrakrichchra anilahara) 66. Extract of hingu (Ferula narthex Boiss) or asafetida:- Causing excision or split up the morbid humours, digestive stimulant corrective of perislalsis or downword movement of vata. Alleviates of vata and kapha (chedaniya dipaniya anulomika vata kapha prashamananam) 67. Amlavetasa (Rheum emodi wall. ) :- Causing purgation (laxatives) digestive stimulant, corrective of peristalsis and curative of vata and kapha (bhedaniya dipaniya anulomika vata shleshman haranam). 68. Yavasukah (barley ash) :- Having laxative effect causing carmination, curing piles, (stramsana pachana arshoghna) 69. Habitual use of buttermilk (Takrabhyasa) :- Curing grahani (gastrointestinal disorders) oedema, piles, and complication due to improper administration of oleation therapy) (grahanidosha shopha arshoghritvyapatprasaman) 70. Habitual use of meat soup of carnivorous animal (kravyad Mamsa rasaabhyas) :- Curing Grahani (gastrointestinal disorders) (or curing of assimilation disorders, consumption and piles (grahanidosha shosha arshoghnanam) 71. Habitual use of milk & ghee (kshiraghritabhyasa) :- Causing rejuvenation (vitilizers) (rasayananam) 72. Habitual use of diet consisting of equal part of ghee and roasted corn flour (samaghrutasaktuprashabhyas) :- Promoting virility (seminiferous) and cures misperistalsis (vrishya udavartaharanam) 73. Habitual gargling with tila oil (taila gandusha abhyas:- Promoting taste of food and strength of teeth. (danta bala ruchikaranam) 74. Application of sandlewood paste:- Removes foul odour and removes burning sensation of body (durgandhahar daha nirvapanlepananam) 75. Application of rasna (Pluchea lenciolata Oliver and Hiern. ) or Indian groundsel and aguru [Aquilaria agalocha Roxb. ) in ointment form or eagle wood:- Application of these dispel coldness of body (shita panayanpralepananam). 76. Lamajjaka or geranium grass (Cymbopogon Jivarancusa Schult) and ushira (Vetiveria Zizanioides Nash. ) or cus-cus:- Cures burning sensation skin deseases and sweating (daha tvaga dosha swedapanayan). 77. Massage and poultice of kushtha (Saussurea lappa C. B. Clarke) :- Alleviating vata (Vatahara) and useful in unctions and poultices (vatahara abhyangopanahopayoginan) 78. Madhuka (Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn. ] or liquorice:- Beneficial for eye, virility, the hair, throat, completion and promote pigmentation and Healing (cakshushya vrishya keshya kanthya varnya viranjaniya) 79. Fresh air (vayu) :- Restores animation and consciousness (or gives life) (pranasajna pradana hetunam) 80. Heat (agni) :- Curative of ama disorder (or curing indigestion), stiffness, chill, colic pain and shivering (ama stambha shita shulodvepana prashamana) 81. Water (jala) :- Produces astringent effect (stambhaniyanam) 82. Water with a hot clod of earth plunged therein (Mrud bhrushta loshtra nirvapit udaka) :- Alleviates acute attack of thirst and vomiting (trishna chhardi atiyoga prashaman) 83. Intake of food in excess quantity (Atimatrashana) :- Causes serious indigestion or inductive ama disorders (Amapradosha hetunam) 84. Intake of food according to power of digestion (yatha agnya abhyavahara) :- Promoting digestion (agni sandhukshnanam) 85. Wholesome diet and regimen (Yatha satmya cheshtbhyavahara) or eating and working in conformity to one’s constitution:- Worth adopting regimen or among good practices (sevyanam) 86. Intake of food in time (kalabhojana) :- Healthy practices or promote health (arogyakaranam) 87. Contentment or satisfaction (trupti) :- Qualities of food or properties of food (ahara gunanam) 88. Suppression of natural urges (Vegasandharana) :- Unhealthy practices or causes ill health (anarogyakaranam) 89. Wine (madya) :- Exhilerating (saumanasyajananam) 90. Intoxication due to excessive drinking (madyaakshepa) :- Causes loss of intelligence, patience and memory (resolution) (dhi dhriti smriti haranam) 91. Heavy food eating (guru bhojana) :- Causes indigestion or misdigestion (durvipaka) 92. Intakeof food only once in 24 hours (ekashanbhojana) :- Bringing about happiness or that conduce to easy digestion and assimilation (sukha parinama karanam) 93. Excessive indulgence in sexual act (strishva atiprasanga) :- Causing consumption (shoshakaranam) 94. Suppression of urge of seminal ejaculation (shukraveganigraha) :- Causing impotency (shandhyakaranam) 95. The sight of a slaughtering place (paraghatanam) :- That destroy the inclination for food or causing aversion for food (anna ashraddhajanan) 96. Fasting or abstinence from food (anashana) :- That tend to curtail life or reduces longevity (ayusho hrasakaranan) 97. Under eating or intake of food in reduced quantity (pramitashanam) :- That tend to reduce a person or causing emaciation (karshaniyanam) 98. Predigestion meal or intake of meal before the digestion of previous meal (ajirna adhyashana) :- Induces the assimilation disorder or causes impairement of grahani (grahani dushana) 99. Intake of irregular meal (vishamashana) :- Causing irregularity in digestive power (agnivaishamyakaranam) 100. Intake of food having mutually contradictory property or antagonostic property (viruddha viryashana) :- Leads to eight censurable diseases (nindita vyadhikaranam) 101. Self restraint or tranquility (prashamah) :- That are wholesome or healthy regimen (pathyanam) 102. Exertion/straining on self (ayasa) :- Unwholesome/unhealthy regimen (sarva apathyanam) 103. Wrong indulgence/improper utilization (of object of sense) (mithya yoga) :- Generate diseases (Vyadhikaranam) 104. Sex with a menstruating woman (rajaswala abhigamana) :- That is inauspiscious (alaksmimukhanam) 105. Celibacy/continence (brahmacharya) :- Promote longevity (ayushyanam) 106. Adultery (paradara abhigamana) :- Reducing longevity (anayushyanam) 107. Determnation (sankalpa) :- Aphrodisiacs/virility enhancer (vrushyanam) 108. Unhappiness/Disgust (daurmanasya) Loss of virility (avrushyanam) 109. Strenuous efforts exceeding the limit’s of one’s own capacity (ayathabalamarambha) :- Shortening of lifespan (pranoparodhinam) 110. Grief (vishada) :- Aggravation of diseases (rogavardhananam) 111. Bath (snana) :- Removes fatigue (shramaharanam) 112. Cheerfulness/joy (harsha) :- Gives delight (prinananam) 113. Worrry/grief (shoka) :- Emaciating/wasting (shoshananam) 114. Nourishment (pushti) :- Causing good sleep (swapnakaranam) 115. Excessive sleep (atiswapna) :- Causing drowsiness (tandrakaranam) 116. Detachment/inactivity (nivrutti) :- Promote corpulence/nourishing (pushtikaranam) 117. Regular intake of diet of all taste/habitual use of food (sarvarasa abhyasa) :- Promote strength (balakaranam) 118. Regular intake of food having only one taste (eka rasabhyas) :- Causing weakness (daurbalyakaranam) 119. Dead or obstructing foetus (garbhashalya) :- Required to be extracted (aharyanam) 120. Indigestion (ajirna) :- Requiring to be expelled out (by emesis) (uddharyanam). 121. Child/infant (bala) :- Requires mild drug/medicatives (mrudu bheshajiyanam) 122. Old person (vriddha) :- Who requires palliative treatment (yapyanam) 123. Pregnant woman (garbhini) :- Requiring abstinence from the intake of strong medicines, resorting to sexual act and excess physical exercise (tikshna aushadha vyavaya vyayama varjaniyanam) 124. Happiness or cheerful spirit (saumanasya) :- Helping retention of conception (garbhadharanam). 125. Disease due to vitiation of all the three dosha (sannipata) :- Causing difficulty in cure (dushchikitsya) 126. Poisining due to amavisham (Product of improper Metabolism) and digestion:- Causing incurable disease or irremediable (achikitsya) 127. Fever (jwara) :- Important disease (roganam) 128. Kushtha or dermatosis (Obstinate skin disease including leprosy (kushtha) :- Among chronic disease (dirgharoganam) 129. Rajayakshma (pthisis) :- Combination of diseases or among syndrome of disease (rogasamuhanam) 130. Prameha (obstinate urinary disorder including diabetis mellitus) :- Among relapsing diseases (anushamginam) 131. Leech (jalauka) :- Auxilliary surgical devices (anushastranam) 132. Enema (basti) :- Among those requiring practical technique or elimination therapies(tantranama) 133. The Himalayas (Himvanaushadhi) :- Habitats of medicinal plant (bhuminam) 134. Soma:- Among herbs (aushadhinama) 135. Desert/ arid region (marubhumi) :- Among sanatoria or healthy places (arogya deshanam) 136. Marshy land or wet region (anupa) :- Among unhealthy places (Ahita deshanam). 137. Compliance with the instruction of the physician (Nirdeshakaritva) :- Qualities of patients (Aturagunanam) 138. Physician (Bhishak) :- Among factors of therapeutics or Among aspects of treatment (chikitsa anganam) 139. An atheist/disbiliever (nastika) :- Among those who are to be avoided/boycott (varjyanam) 140. Greed or yielding to temptation (laulya) :- Troublesome practices or causes mortification (klesha karanam) 141. Disobedience to the instruction of physician (Anirdeshakaritva) :- Bad prognostic sign. (Arishtanam) 142. Self confidence or zest for life (anirveda) :- Signs of recovery or among attributes of health (vartalakshananam) 143. An assemblage of physicians (vaidyasamuha) :- Helps to resolve doubts (nihsamshaya karanam) 144. Sense of propriety or practical skill (yoga) :- Among qualities of physician (vaidyagunanam) 145. Applied scientific knowledge or proper understanding (vijnanam) :- In pharmacology or therapeutic devices (aushadhinam). 146. Reasoning based on scriptures (shastra sahitatarka) :- Among mean of knowledge or devices for success (sadhananam) 147. Presence of mind or sense of propriety (sampratipatti) :- Among the result accruing from a knowledge of time or timely grasp of situation (Kalajnanaprayojananam) 148. Inaction or Indolence (Adhyavasaya) :- Among the causes of procrastination or waste of time (kalatipattihetunam) 149. Practical experience (drushta karmata) :- Among those that resolve doubts (nihsamshayakaranam) 150. Incapability/Incompetency (asamarthata) :- Terrifying factors/phobia creating factors (bhayakaranam) 151. Clinical seminars/discussion (tadvidyasambhasha) :- Increasing wisdom or that broaden one’s understanding (buddhivardhananam) 152. The teacher/preceptors (acharya) :- Who helps in the acquisition of learning or providing scriptural knowledge (shastradhigamahetunam) 153. Knowlwdge of Ayurveda (Science of living being) :- Among elixirs or bringing about immortality (Amrutanam) 154. Good percepts or words of noble person (sadvachana) Among those that deserve to be practised or requiring to be complied with (anushtheyanam) 155. Words of wicked or misunderstanding (asadgrahana) :- Leading to harmful result or that is injurious (sarva ahitanam) 156. An absolute detachment from action or renunciation of all thing (sarva sanyasa) :- Giving happiness (sukhanam)

english translation

ato bhUyaH karmauSadhAnAM ca prAdhAnyataH sAnubandhAni dravyANyanuvyAkhyAsyAmaH| tadyathA- annaM vRttikarANAM zreSTham, udakamAzvAsakarANAM (surA zramaharANAM), kSIraM jIvanIyAnAM, mAMsaM bRMhaNIyAnAM,rasastarpaNIyAnAM, lavaNamannadravyarucikarANAm, amlaM hRdyAnAM, kukkuTo balyAnAM, nakrareto vRSyANAM, madhuzleSmapittaprazamanAnAM, sarpirvAtapittaprazamanAnAM, tailaM vAtazleSmaprazamanAnAM, vamanaM zleSmaharANAM, virecanaM pittaharANAM,bastirvAtaharANAM, svedo mArdavakarANAM, vyAyAmaH sthairyakarANAM, kSAraH puMstvopaghAtinAM, (tindukamanannadravyarucikarANAm ,)AmaM kapitthamakaNThyAnAm, AvikaM sarpirahRdyAnAm, ajAkSIraM zoSaghnastanyasAtmyaraktasAGgrAhikaraktapittaprazamanAnAm,avikSIraM zleSmapittajananAnAM, mahiSIkSIraM svapnajananAnAM, mandakaM dadhyabhiSyandakarANAM, gavedhukAnnaM karzanIyAnAm,uddAlakAnnaM virUkSaNIyAnAm, ikSurmUtrajananAnAM, yavAH purISajananAnAM, jAmbavaM vAtajananAnAM, zaSkulyaH zleSmapittajananAnAM,kulatthA amlapittajananAnAM, mASAH zleSmapittajananAnAM, madanaphalaM vamanAsthApanAnuvAsanopayoginAM, trivRt sukhavirecanAnAM,caturaGgulo mRduvirecanAnAM, snukpayastIkSNavirecananAM, pratyakpuSpA zirovirecanAnAM, viDaGgaM krimighnAnAM, zirISo viSaghnAnAM,khadiraH kuSThaghnAnAM, rAsnA vAtaharANAm, AmalakaM vayaHsthApanAnAM, harItakI pathyAnAm, eraNDamUlaM vRSyavAtaharANAM,pippalImUlaM dIpanIyapAcanIyAnAhaprazamanAnAM, citrakamUlaM dIpanIyapAcanIyagudazothArzaHzUlaharANAM, puSkaramUlaMhikkAzvAsakAsapArzvazUlaharANAM, mustaM sAGgrAhikadIpanIyapAcanIyAnAm, udIcyaMnirvApaNadIpanIyapAcanIyacchardyatIsAraharANAM, kaTvaGgaM sAGgrAhikapAcanIyadIpanIyAnAm, anantAsAGgrAhikaraktapittaprazamanAnAm, amRtA sAGgrAhikavAtaharadIpanIyazleSmazoNitavibandhaprazamanAnAM, bilvaMsAGgrAhikadIpanIyavAtakaphaprazamanAnAm, ativiSA dIpanIyapAcanIyasAGgrAhikasarvadoSaharANAm,utpalakumudapadmakiJjalkaH sAGgrAhikaraktapittaprazamanAnAM, durAlabhA pittazleSmaprazamanAnAM, gandhapriyaGguHzoNitapittAtiyogaprazamanAnAM, kuTajatvak zleSmapittaraktasAGgrAhikopazoSaNAnAM, kAzmaryaphalaMraktasAGgrAhikaraktapittaprazamanAnAM, pRzniparNI sAGgrAhikavAtaharadIpanIyavRSyANAM, vidArigandhA vRSyasarvadoSaharANAM, balAsAGgrAhikabalyavAtaharANAM, gokSurako mUtrakRcchrAnilaharANAM, hiGguniryAsazchedanIyadIpanIyAnulomikavAtakaphaprazamanAnAm,amlavetaso bhedanIyadIpanIyAnulomikavAtazleSmaharANAM, yAvazUkaH sraMsanIyapAcanIyArzoghnAnAM, takrAbhyAsograhaNIdoSazophArzoghRtavyApatprazamanAnAM, kravyAnmAMsarasAbhyAso grahaNIdoSazoSArzoghnAnAM, kSIraghRtAbhyAso rasAyanAnAM,samaghRtasaktuprAzAbhyAso vRSyodAvartaharANAM, tailagaNDUSAbhyAso dantabalarucikarANAM, candanaM durgandhaharadAhanirvApaNalepanAnAM,rAsnAguruNI zItApanayanapralepanAnAM, lAmajjakozIraM dAhatvagdoSasvedApanayanapralepanAnAM, kuSThaMvAtaharAbhyaGgopanAhopayoginAM, madhukaM cakSuSyavRSyakezyakaNThyavarNyavirajanIyaropaNIyAnAM, vAyuH prANasaJjJApradAnahetUnAm,agnirAmastambhazItazUlodvepanaprazamanAnAM, jalaM stambhanIyAnAM, mRdbhRSTaloSTranirvApitamudakaMtRSNAcchardyatiyogaprazamanAnAm, atimAtrAzanamAmapradoSahetUnAM, yathAgnyabhyavahAro'gnisandhukSaNAnAM, yathAsAtmyaMceSTAbhyavahArau sevyAnAM, kAlabhojanamArogyakarANAM, tRptirAhAraguNAnAM, vegasandhAraNamanArogyakarANAM, madyaMsaumanasyajananAnAM, madyAkSepo dhIdhRtismRtiharANAM, gurubhojanaM durvipAkakarANAm, ekAzanabhojanaM sukhapariNAmakarANAM,strISvatiprasaGgaH zoSakarANAM, zukraveganigrahaH SANDyakarANAM, parAghAtanamannAzraddhAjananAnAm, anazanamAyuSo hrAsakarANAM,pramitAzanaM karzanIyAnAm, ajIrNAdhyazanaM grahaNIdUSaNAnAM, viSamAzanamagnivaiSamyakarANAM, viruddhavIryAzanaMninditavyAdhikarANAM, prazamaH pathyAnAM, AyAsaH sarvApathyAnAM, mithyAyogo vyAdhikarANAM, rajasvalAbhigamanamalakSmImukhAnAM,brahmacaryamAyuSyANAM, paradArAbhigamanamanAyuSyANAM, saGkalpo vRSyANAM, daurmanasyamavRSyANAm, ayathAbalamArambhaHprANoparodhinAM, viSAdo rogavardhanAnAM, snAnaM zramaharANAM, harSaH prINanAnAM, zokaH zoSaNAnAM, nivRttiH puSTikarANAM,puSTiHsvapnakarANAm, atisvapnastandrAkarANAM, sarvarasAbhyAso balakarANAm, ekarasAbhyAso daurbalyakarANAM,garbhazalyamAhAryANAm, ajIrNamuddhAryANAM, bAlo mRdubheSajIyAnAM, vRddho yApyAnAM, garbhiNItIkSNauSadhavyavAyavyAyAmavarjanIyAnAM, saumanasyaM garbhadhAraNAnAM, sannipAto duzcikitsyAnAm, Amo viSamacikitsyAnAM ,jvaro rogANAM, kuSThaM dIrgharogANAM, rAjayakSmA rogasamUhAnAM, prameho'nuSaGgiNAM, jalaukaso'nuzastrANAM, bastistantrANAM,himavAnauSadhibhUmInAM, soma oSadhInAM, marubhUmirArogyadezAnAm, anUpo'hitadezAnAm, nirdezakAritvamAturaguNAnAM, bhiSakcikitsAGgAnAM, nAstikovarjyAnAM, laulyaM klezakarANAm, anirdezakAritvamariSTAnAM, anirvedo vArtalakSaNAnAM, vaidyasamUhoniHsaMzayakarANaM, yogo vaidyaguNAnAM, vijJAnamauSadhInAM, zAstrasahitastarkaH sAdhanAnAM, sampratipattiH kAlajJAnaprayojanAnAm,avyavasAyaH kAlAtipattihetUnAM, dRSTakarmatA niHsaMzayakarANAm, asamarthatA bhayakarANAM, tadvidyasambhASA buddhivardhanAnAm,AcAryaH zAstrAdhigamahetUnAm, Ayurvedo'mRtAnAM, sadvacanamanuSTheyAnAm, asadgrahaNaM sarvAhitAnAM, sarvasannyAsaHsukhAnAmiti ||40||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/25/36

तद्यथा- आहारत्वमाहारस्यैकविधमर्थाभेदात्; स पुनर्द्वियोनिः, स्थावरजङ्गमात्मकत्वात्; द्विविधप्रभावः,हिताहितोदर्कविशेषात्; चतुर्विधोपयोगः, पानाशनभक्ष्यलेह्योपयोगात्; षडास्वादः, रसभेदतः षड्विधत्वात्; विंशतिगुणः,गुरुलघुशीतोष्णस्निग्धरूक्षमन्दतीक्ष्णस्थिरसरमृदुकठिन- विशदपिच्छिलश्लक्ष्णखरसूक्ष्मस्थूलसान्द्रद्रवानुगमात्;अपरिसङ्ख्येयविकल्पः, द्रव्यसंयोगकरणबाहुल्यात् ||३६||

sanskrit

[The classification of food] The dietetic classification of food is as follows: Food is all of one kind in the view of eatability as a common feature. According to the source, food articles are of two types – those based on vegetable sources and those that are based on animal products. It is also of two types based on specific action: actions that have a positive effect and actions that have an unhealthy, unwholesome, or negative effect. Food can also be classified into four groups by the way it is ingested: drinkables, eatables, chewables, and linctuses. Another method of classification categorizes food by taste – and these are six categories. Similarly, from the point of view of their texture or properties, food articles are twenty types : heavy, light, cold, hot, unctuous, dry, slow (dull), sharp, stable, fluidity, soft, hard, clear, viscid, refined, smooth, rough, subtle, gross, dense (or solid) and liquid. Thus, classifications of food can be countless due to the sheer diversity of ingredients, combinations and their preparations.

english translation

tadyathA- AhAratvamAhArasyaikavidhamarthAbhedAt; sa punardviyoniH, sthAvarajaGgamAtmakatvAt; dvividhaprabhAvaH,hitAhitodarkavizeSAt; caturvidhopayogaH, pAnAzanabhakSyalehyopayogAt; SaDAsvAdaH, rasabhedataH SaDvidhatvAt; viMzatiguNaH,gurulaghuzItoSNasnigdharUkSamandatIkSNasthirasaramRdukaThina- vizadapicchilazlakSNakharasUkSmasthUlasAndradravAnugamAt;aparisaGkhyeyavikalpaH, dravyasaMyogakaraNabAhulyAt ||36||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/25/37

तस्य खलु ये ये विकारावयवा भूयिष्ठमुपयुज्यन्ते, भूयिष्ठकल्पानां च मनुष्याणां प्रकृत्यैव हिततमाश्चाहिततमाश्च, तांस्तान्यथावदुपदेक्ष्यामः ||३७||

sanskrit

[Two main classes of diet] Nevertheless, we shall now delve upon certain classes of food articles that are mostly commonly used and are naturally the most wholesome and unwholesome to the majority of human beings.

english translation

tasya khalu ye ye vikArAvayavA bhUyiSThamupayujyante, bhUyiSThakalpAnAM ca manuSyANAM prakRtyaiva hitatamAzcAhitatamAzca, tAMstAnyathAvadupadekSyAmaH ||37||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/25/38

तद्यथा- लोहितशालयः शूकधान्यानां पथ्यतमत्वे श्रेष्ठतमा भवन्ति, मुद्गाः शमीधान्यानाम्, आन्तरिक्षमुदकानां, सैन्धवंलवणानां, जीवन्तीशाकं शाकानाम्, ऐणेयं मृगमांसानां, लावः पक्षिणां, गोधा बिलेशयानां, रोहितो मत्स्यानां, गव्यं सर्पिःसर्पिषां, गोक्षीरं क्षीराणां, तिलतैलं स्थावरजातानां स्नेहानां, वराहवसा आनूपमृगवसानां, चुलुकीवसा मत्स्यवसानां,पाकहंसवसा जलचरविहङ्गवसानां, कुक्कुटवसा विष्किरशकुनिवसानां, अजमेदः शाखादमेदसां, शृङ्गवेरं कन्दानां, मृद्वीकाफलानां, शर्करेक्षुविकाराणाम्, इति प्रकृत्यैव हिततमानामाहारविकाराणां प्राधान्यतो द्रव्याणि व्याख्यातानि भवन्ति ||३८||

sanskrit

[Wholesome(beneficial) food articles] The most beneficial among food articles are thus: Red rice (Oryza Sativa Linn.) is the best among all cereal crops having bristles, green gram (phascolus mungalim) among pulses, rain water (collected directly before falling on ground) among various types of drinking water, rock salt among salts, jiwanti (Leptadenia reticulate W.S.A.) among pot herbs, antelope (ena) among meat of animals, common quail (lava) among meat of birds, the iguana (godha) among meat of burrowing animals, rohita among fishes, cow ghee among ghee, cow milk among milk, the tila (sesame) oil among fats of vegetable sources, lard (hog's fat) among the fats of marshy animals, fat of chuluki (gangetic dolphin) among fish fat, the fat of pakahamsa (white swan) among fats of aquatic birds, the fat of hen among fats of gallinaceous types of birds, the fat of goat among fats of branch-eating animals, ginger among rhizomes and roots, grapes among fruits, and sugar among the products of sugarcane. In this manner, various natural food articles have been identified to be the most wholesome in their class.

english translation

tadyathA- lohitazAlayaH zUkadhAnyAnAM pathyatamatve zreSThatamA bhavanti, mudgAH zamIdhAnyAnAm, AntarikSamudakAnAM, saindhavaMlavaNAnAM, jIvantIzAkaM zAkAnAm, aiNeyaM mRgamAMsAnAM, lAvaH pakSiNAM, godhA bilezayAnAM, rohito matsyAnAM, gavyaM sarpiHsarpiSAM, gokSIraM kSIrANAM, tilatailaM sthAvarajAtAnAM snehAnAM, varAhavasA AnUpamRgavasAnAM, culukIvasA matsyavasAnAM,pAkahaMsavasA jalacaravihaGgavasAnAM, kukkuTavasA viSkirazakunivasAnAM, ajamedaH zAkhAdamedasAM, zRGgaveraM kandAnAM, mRdvIkAphalAnAM, zarkarekSuvikArANAm, iti prakRtyaiva hitatamAnAmAhAravikArANAM prAdhAnyato dravyANi vyAkhyAtAni bhavanti ||38||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/25/39

अहिततमानप्युपदेक्ष्यामः- यवकाः शूकधान्यानामपथ्यतमत्वेन प्रकृष्टतमा भवन्ति, माषाः शमीधान्यानां,वर्षानादेयमुदकानाम्, ऊषरं लवणानां, सर्षपशाकं शाकानां, गोमांसं मृगमांसानां, काणकपोतः पक्षिणां, भेको बिलेशयानां,चिलिचिमो मत्स्यानाम्, आविकं सर्पिः सर्पिषाम्, अविक्षीरं क्षीराणां, कुसुम्भस्नेहः स्थावरस्नेहानां, महिषवसाआनूपमृगवसानां, कुम्भीरवसा मत्स्यवसानां, काकमद्गुवसा जलचरविहङ्गवसानां, चटकवसा विष्किरशुकनिवसानां,हस्तिमेदः शाखादमेदसां, निकुचं फलानाम्, आलुकं कन्दानां, फाणितमिक्षुविकाराणाम्, इतिप्रकृत्यैवाहिततमानामाहारविकाराणां प्रकृष्टतमानि द्रव्याणि व्याख्यातानि भवन्ति; (इति) हिताहितावयवो व्याख्यातआहारविकाराणाम् ||३९||

sanskrit

[Unwholesome (harmful) food articles] Now here are the most unwholesome of food articles: Yavak (wild barley) is the most unwholesome among cereal crops with bristles, masha (phaseolus radiations linn) among pulses, river water in the rainy season among types of drinking water, ushara (saline soil salt) among salts, mustard leaf among pot herbs, beef among meat of animals, young dove (kapota) among meat of birds, frog meat among meat of burrowing animals, chilichima meat among meat of fishes, ghee made of sheep’s milk among ghee, sheep milk among milk, oil of kusumbha (Canthamus finctorious liom) among vegetable fats, fat of the water buffalo among fats of marshy animals, fat of gangetic gharial (kumbhira) among the fats of fishes, the fat of water foul among fats of aquatic animal, fat of the sparrow (chatak) among fats of gallinaceous types of bird, fat of elephant among fats of branch-eating animals, the nikucha (Atrocarpus nikucha Roxb.) among fruits, the aluka among the bulbs, phanita (treacle) among derivatives of sugarcane, etc. These above (mentioned food articles) have been enumerated, each of which is the most unwholesome of its class naturally. The wholesome food articles and unwholesome food articles have been explained in such context.

english translation

ahitatamAnapyupadekSyAmaH- yavakAH zUkadhAnyAnAmapathyatamatvena prakRSTatamA bhavanti, mASAH zamIdhAnyAnAM,varSAnAdeyamudakAnAm, USaraM lavaNAnAM, sarSapazAkaM zAkAnAM, gomAMsaM mRgamAMsAnAM, kANakapotaH pakSiNAM, bheko bilezayAnAM,cilicimo matsyAnAm, AvikaM sarpiH sarpiSAm, avikSIraM kSIrANAM, kusumbhasnehaH sthAvarasnehAnAM, mahiSavasAAnUpamRgavasAnAM, kumbhIravasA matsyavasAnAM, kAkamadguvasA jalacaravihaGgavasAnAM, caTakavasA viSkirazukanivasAnAM,hastimedaH zAkhAdamedasAM, nikucaM phalAnAm, AlukaM kandAnAM, phANitamikSuvikArANAm, itiprakRtyaivAhitatamAnAmAhAravikArANAM prakRSTatamAni dravyANi vyAkhyAtAni bhavanti; (iti) hitAhitAvayavo vyAkhyAtaAhAravikArANAm ||39||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/25/40

अतो भूयः कर्मौषधानां च प्राधान्यतः सानुबन्धानि द्रव्याण्यनुव्याख्यास्यामः| तद्यथा- अन्नं वृत्तिकराणां श्रेष्ठम्, उदकमाश्वासकराणां (सुरा श्रमहराणां), क्षीरं जीवनीयानां, मांसं बृंहणीयानां,रसस्तर्पणीयानां, लवणमन्नद्रव्यरुचिकराणाम्, अम्लं हृद्यानां, कुक्कुटो बल्यानां, नक्ररेतो वृष्याणां, मधुश्लेष्मपित्तप्रशमनानां, सर्पिर्वातपित्तप्रशमनानां, तैलं वातश्लेष्मप्रशमनानां, वमनं श्लेष्महराणां, विरेचनं पित्तहराणां,बस्तिर्वातहराणां, स्वेदो मार्दवकराणां, व्यायामः स्थैर्यकराणां, क्षारः पुंस्त्वोपघातिनां, (तिन्दुकमनन्नद्रव्यरुचिकराणाम् ,)आमं कपित्थमकण्ठ्यानाम्, आविकं सर्पिरहृद्यानाम्, अजाक्षीरं शोषघ्नस्तन्यसात्म्यरक्तसाङ्ग्राहिकरक्तपित्तप्रशमनानाम्,अविक्षीरं श्लेष्मपित्तजननानां, महिषीक्षीरं स्वप्नजननानां, मन्दकं दध्यभिष्यन्दकराणां, गवेधुकान्नं कर्शनीयानाम्,उद्दालकान्नं विरूक्षणीयानाम्, इक्षुर्मूत्रजननानां, यवाः पुरीषजननानां, जाम्बवं वातजननानां, शष्कुल्यः श्लेष्मपित्तजननानां,कुलत्था अम्लपित्तजननानां, माषाः श्लेष्मपित्तजननानां, मदनफलं वमनास्थापनानुवासनोपयोगिनां, त्रिवृत् सुखविरेचनानां,चतुरङ्गुलो मृदुविरेचनानां, स्नुक्पयस्तीक्ष्णविरेचननां, प्रत्यक्पुष्पा शिरोविरेचनानां, विडङ्गं क्रिमिघ्नानां, शिरीषो विषघ्नानां,खदिरः कुष्ठघ्नानां, रास्ना वातहराणाम्, आमलकं वयःस्थापनानां, हरीतकी पथ्यानाम्, एरण्डमूलं वृष्यवातहराणां,पिप्पलीमूलं दीपनीयपाचनीयानाहप्रशमनानां, चित्रकमूलं दीपनीयपाचनीयगुदशोथार्शःशूलहराणां, पुष्करमूलंहिक्काश्वासकासपार्श्वशूलहराणां, मुस्तं साङ्ग्राहिकदीपनीयपाचनीयानाम्, उदीच्यंनिर्वापणदीपनीयपाचनीयच्छर्द्यतीसारहराणां, कट्वङ्गं साङ्ग्राहिकपाचनीयदीपनीयानाम्, अनन्तासाङ्ग्राहिकरक्तपित्तप्रशमनानाम्, अमृता साङ्ग्राहिकवातहरदीपनीयश्लेष्मशोणितविबन्धप्रशमनानां, बिल्वंसाङ्ग्राहिकदीपनीयवातकफप्रशमनानाम्, अतिविषा दीपनीयपाचनीयसाङ्ग्राहिकसर्वदोषहराणाम्,उत्पलकुमुदपद्मकिञ्जल्कः साङ्ग्राहिकरक्तपित्तप्रशमनानां, दुरालभा पित्तश्लेष्मप्रशमनानां, गन्धप्रियङ्गुःशोणितपित्तातियोगप्रशमनानां, कुटजत्वक् श्लेष्मपित्तरक्तसाङ्ग्राहिकोपशोषणानां, काश्मर्यफलंरक्तसाङ्ग्राहिकरक्तपित्तप्रशमनानां, पृश्निपर्णी साङ्ग्राहिकवातहरदीपनीयवृष्याणां, विदारिगन्धा वृष्यसर्वदोषहराणां, बलासाङ्ग्राहिकबल्यवातहराणां, गोक्षुरको मूत्रकृच्छ्रानिलहराणां, हिङ्गुनिर्यासश्छेदनीयदीपनीयानुलोमिकवातकफप्रशमनानाम्,अम्लवेतसो भेदनीयदीपनीयानुलोमिकवातश्लेष्महराणां, यावशूकः स्रंसनीयपाचनीयार्शोघ्नानां, तक्राभ्यासोग्रहणीदोषशोफार्शोघृतव्यापत्प्रशमनानां, क्रव्यान्मांसरसाभ्यासो ग्रहणीदोषशोषार्शोघ्नानां, क्षीरघृताभ्यासो रसायनानां,समघृतसक्तुप्राशाभ्यासो वृष्योदावर्तहराणां, तैलगण्डूषाभ्यासो दन्तबलरुचिकराणां, चन्दनं दुर्गन्धहरदाहनिर्वापणलेपनानां,रास्नागुरुणी शीतापनयनप्रलेपनानां, लामज्जकोशीरं दाहत्वग्दोषस्वेदापनयनप्रलेपनानां, कुष्ठंवातहराभ्यङ्गोपनाहोपयोगिनां, मधुकं चक्षुष्यवृष्यकेश्यकण्ठ्यवर्ण्यविरजनीयरोपणीयानां, वायुः प्राणसञ्ज्ञाप्रदानहेतूनाम्,अग्निरामस्तम्भशीतशूलोद्वेपनप्रशमनानां, जलं स्तम्भनीयानां, मृद्भृष्टलोष्ट्रनिर्वापितमुदकंतृष्णाच्छर्द्यतियोगप्रशमनानाम्, अतिमात्राशनमामप्रदोषहेतूनां, यथाग्न्यभ्यवहारोऽग्निसन्धुक्षणानां, यथासात्म्यंचेष्टाभ्यवहारौ सेव्यानां, कालभोजनमारोग्यकराणां, तृप्तिराहारगुणानां, वेगसन्धारणमनारोग्यकराणां, मद्यंसौमनस्यजननानां, मद्याक्षेपो धीधृतिस्मृतिहराणां, गुरुभोजनं दुर्विपाककराणाम्, एकाशनभोजनं सुखपरिणामकराणां,स्त्रीष्वतिप्रसङ्गः शोषकराणां, शुक्रवेगनिग्रहः षाण्ड्यकराणां, पराघातनमन्नाश्रद्धाजननानाम्, अनशनमायुषो ह्रासकराणां,प्रमिताशनं कर्शनीयानाम्, अजीर्णाध्यशनं ग्रहणीदूषणानां, विषमाशनमग्निवैषम्यकराणां, विरुद्धवीर्याशनंनिन्दितव्याधिकराणां, प्रशमः पथ्यानां, आयासः सर्वापथ्यानां, मिथ्यायोगो व्याधिकराणां, रजस्वलाभिगमनमलक्ष्मीमुखानां,ब्रह्मचर्यमायुष्याणां, परदाराभिगमनमनायुष्याणां, सङ्कल्पो वृष्याणां, दौर्मनस्यमवृष्याणाम्, अयथाबलमारम्भःप्राणोपरोधिनां, विषादो रोगवर्धनानां, स्नानं श्रमहराणां, हर्षः प्रीणनानां, शोकः शोषणानां, निवृत्तिः पुष्टिकराणां,पुष्टिःस्वप्नकराणाम्, अतिस्वप्नस्तन्द्राकराणां, सर्वरसाभ्यासो बलकराणाम्, एकरसाभ्यासो दौर्बल्यकराणां,गर्भशल्यमाहार्याणाम्, अजीर्णमुद्धार्याणां, बालो मृदुभेषजीयानां, वृद्धो याप्यानां, गर्भिणीतीक्ष्णौषधव्यवायव्यायामवर्जनीयानां, सौमनस्यं गर्भधारणानां, सन्निपातो दुश्चिकित्स्यानाम्, आमो विषमचिकित्स्यानां ,ज्वरो रोगाणां, कुष्ठं दीर्घरोगाणां, राजयक्ष्मा रोगसमूहानां, प्रमेहोऽनुषङ्गिणां, जलौकसोऽनुशस्त्राणां, बस्तिस्तन्त्राणां,हिमवानौषधिभूमीनां, सोम ओषधीनां, मरुभूमिरारोग्यदेशानाम्, अनूपोऽहितदेशानाम्, निर्देशकारित्वमातुरगुणानां, भिषक्चिकित्साङ्गानां, नास्तिकोवर्ज्यानां, लौल्यं क्लेशकराणाम्, अनिर्देशकारित्वमरिष्टानां, अनिर्वेदो वार्तलक्षणानां, वैद्यसमूहोनिःसंशयकराणं, योगो वैद्यगुणानां, विज्ञानमौषधीनां, शास्त्रसहितस्तर्कः साधनानां, सम्प्रतिपत्तिः कालज्ञानप्रयोजनानाम्,अव्यवसायः कालातिपत्तिहेतूनां, दृष्टकर्मता निःसंशयकराणाम्, असमर्थता भयकराणां, तद्विद्यसम्भाषा बुद्धिवर्धनानाम्,आचार्यः शास्त्राधिगमहेतूनाम्, आयुर्वेदोऽमृतानां, सद्वचनमनुष्ठेयानाम्, असद्ग्रहणं सर्वाहितानां, सर्वसन्न्यासःसुखानामिति ||४०||

sanskrit

[Agrya samgraha (collections of best food articles, factors and drugs in various conditions)] In addition to the above mentioned food articles, the table below provides a ready reference of key food articles and Ayurvedic therapies and their superior qualities: 1. Food (anna):- Sustenance of life (Vrittikara) 2. Water (udaka) :- Production of soothing effect/refreshing agent (ashwaskara) 3. Wine (sura) :- Dispelling fatigue/wine among acopics(shramahara) 4. Milk (ksheera) :- Invigorating/vitilizers (jivaniya) 5. Meat (mamsa) :- Nourishing (brihmana) 6. Meat soup (mamsa rasa) :- Refreshing/Demulcents (Tarpana) 7. Salt (lavana) :- Appetizers (ruchikaraka) for taste 8. Sour things (amla rasa) :- Tasty medication for the heart (hridya) 9. Meat of chicken (kukkuta mamsa) :- Strength promoting (balya) 10. Semen of crocodile (''nakraretasa'') :- Having aphrodisiac action/virility enhancers (vrishya) 11. Honey (madhu) :- Alleviating kapha and pitta (shlesma pitta prashamana) 12. Ghee (ghrita) :- Alleviating vata and pitta (vata pitta prashamana) 13. Sesame oil ( tila taila) :- Alleviating vata and kapha (vata shleshmana prashamana) 14. Emesis (vamana) :- Eliminating kapha (shlesmahara) 15. Purgation (virechana) :- Eliminating pitta (pittahara) 16. Enema (basti) :- Eliminating vata(vatahara) 17. Fomentation/sudation (sweda) :- Bringing about smoothness in body/soften the body(mardavakara) 18. Exercise (vyayama) :- Bringing about firmness/stability (sthairyakara) 19. Alkalies (kshara) :- Causing impotency/impair manhood (punsatvopaghata) 20. Tinduka (Diospyros Peregrina Gurke) :- Bringing about deliciousness in non-dietetic food articles. The false mangosteen among appetizers (annadravyaruchikara) 21. Unripe Kapittha (FeroniaLimonia Swingle) or unripe wood apple:- Producing harmful effect on throat (akanthyanam) 22. Ghee of sheep milk (Avika sarpi) :- Producing bad effect on heart/Non cardials (ahridryakara) 23. Goat milk (ajaksheera) :- Producing wholesome and galactogoque effect, and curing consumption, and raktapitta (A disease characterized by bleeding from different part of body) 24. Sheep milk (aviksheera) :- Vitiating kapha and pitta (shleshmana pitta janana) 25. Buffalo milk (mahishi ksheera) :- Inducing sleep (swapna janana) 26. Immature (incompletely formed) curd (mandak dadhi) :- Obstructing channels of circulation/viscidifying agents (abhishyandakara) 27. Food Prepared of boiled Job’s tears/gavedhuka [Tritium aestivum Linn. ] :- Emaciating/depleters (karshaniya) 28. Food prepared of boiled uddalaka (Paspalum scrobiculatum) :- Drying/reduces unctuous element in body (virukshaniya) 29. Sugarcane (ikshu) :- Produces diuresis / increases quantity of urine (mutrajanana) 30. Barley (yava) :- Increasing quantity of feces (purishajanana) 31. Jambu [Syzygium cumini skeels] :- Aggreviating vata (vata janana) 32. Shashkuli (type of pastry) (or oils) :- Provoke kapha and pitta (shleshma pitta janana) 33. Kulattha (Dolichos biflorus Linn) or horse gram:- Causes amlapitta (acid dyspepsia) 34. Masha (Phaseolous radiates Linn or black gram) :- Increase of kapha and pitta(shleshmana pitta janana) 35. Fruit of madana [Randiadumetorun Lam. ] or emetic Nut:- Used in emesis, and corrective and unctuous enema (Vamana asthapanaanuvasanopayogi) 36. Trivrita [Operculina turpethum R. B. ] or turpeth:- Causes easy purgation (sukha virechana) 37. Aragvadha [Cassia fistula Linn] :- Causes mild purgation (mridu virechana) 38. Milk of Snuhi [Euphorbia nerifolia Linn. ] thorny milk hedge plant:- Causing strong purgations (tikshna virechana) 39. Apamarga [Achyranthes aspera Linn. ] Rough chaff:- Eliminating doshas from head/these are errhines (shiro virechana) 40. Vidanga [Embelia ribes Bur M. F. ] :- Killing parasites/among all Anthelmintics (krimighna) 41. Shirisha [Albizzia lebbeck Benth. ] :- Produces antitoxic effects/among all antidotes (vishaghna) 42. Khadira [Acacia catechu Willd. ] :- Curing obstinate skin desease including leprosy/dermic remedics (kushtaghna) 43. Rasna [Pluchea lanceolata Oliver and Hiern] :- Alleviating vata (vatahara) 44. Amalaka [Emblica offiinalis Gaern] or Emblic Myrobalan :- Anti–ageing / causing rejuventation (vaya sthapana) 45. Haritaki [Terminalia Chebula] or Chebulic Myrobalan:- Producing wholesome effect (pathya) 46. Root of Eranda [Ricinus communis Linn] or castor oil:- Increasing virility and alleviating vata (vrishya vatahara) 47. Root of pippali [Piper longum Linn] or long pepper:- Digestive stimulant, carminative, relieves abdominal distension (Deepaniya pachaniya anahprasamana) 48. Root of chitraka [Plumbago Zeylanica] or white flowered lead wort:- Promotes digestion, carmination,inflammation in anal region, curing of piles, subside colic pain [Deepaniya pachaniya gudashotha arshashula haranam] 49. Pushkaramula [Inula racemosa] or orris root:- Curtive of hiccups, dyspnea, pleurodynea, cough (Hikka shwasa kasa parshvashulahara) 50. Musta [Cyperus rotundus Linn. ] or Nut grass:- Causing astringent effect, promoting digestion & carmination (Sangrahika deepaniya pachaniya) 51. Udichya (Pavonia adorata Willd. ) or fragrant Sticky Mallow:- Producing cooling effect (refrigerant), promoting digestion and carmination curing vomiting and diarrhea (Nirvapana dipaniya pachaniya chhardi atisarahara) 52. Shyonaka [Oroxylum indicun Vent. ] or free of heaven or katvanga:- Causing astringent effect, digestive stimulant, digestives (Sangrahika pachaniya dipaniyanam) 53. Ananta [Hemidesmus indicus R. B. ] or Indian sarsaparilla:- Causing astringent, curing raktapitta/ (Sangrahika raktapitta prashama) 54. Guduchi [Tinospora Cordifolia miers] or amrita:- Act as astringent, curative of vata, promotes digestion, curative of vitiation of kapha and blood (sangrahika vataharadipaniya shleshma shonita vibandha prashamana). 55. Bilva [Aegle Marmelos Corr] or bael:- Causing astringent effect, promote digestion, alleviating vata and kapha (sangrahika dipaniya vata kapha prashamana) 56. Ativisha (Aconitum Heterophylum wall] or atips:- Causing astringent effect, promote digestion, carmination and alleviating all the dosha or curative of all the disorders. (dipaniya pachaniya sangrahika sarvadoshaharanam) 57. Pollens of utpala [Nymphaca alba Linn. ], kumuda (a variety of utpala) and padma [Nelumbo nucifera gaertn. ] or pollen of blue and white water lilies:- Astringent effect, alleviating raktapitta (sangrahika raktapitta prashamana). 58. Duralabha [Fagonia Cretica Linn. ] or cretsn prickly clover:- Curative of pitta and kapha (pitta shleshma prashamana) 59. Priyangu [Callicarpa macrophylla Vahi. ] or the perfumed cherry:- Alleviate the plethoric condition of blood and pitta (shonita pittatiyoga prashamana) 60. Bark of kutaja [Holarrhena antidyscenterica wall. ] or kurchi bark:- Among astringent and dessicant of kapha, pitta and the blood (shlesma pitta raktasangrahikopsosananam). 61. Fruit of kashmari (Gmelina arboria) or fruit of white teak:- Causing haemostasis and curing raktapitta (Rakta sangrahika raktapitta prashamana) 62. Prishniparni (Uraria picta Desv. ) or painted leaved uraria:- Causing astringent effect, alleviating vata and promoting digestion and virility (aphrodisiac) (sangrahika vatahara dipaniya vrishyanam) 63. Shalaparni (Desmodium gangetium D. C. ) or tick trefoil or vidarigandha:- Aphrodisiac effect and alleviating all the dosha. (Vrishya sarvadoshaharanam) 64. Bala (Sida Cordifolia Linn. ) or the heart leaved sida:- Having astringent effect, promoting strength, curative of vata (sangrahikopshoshananam). 65. Gokshura (Tribulus terrestris Linn. ) or the small calatrops:- Curing dysuria & vata (mutrakrichchra anilahara) 66. Extract of hingu (Ferula narthex Boiss) or asafetida:- Causing excision or split up the morbid humours, digestive stimulant corrective of perislalsis or downword movement of vata. Alleviates of vata and kapha (chedaniya dipaniya anulomika vata kapha prashamananam) 67. Amlavetasa (Rheum emodi wall. ) :- Causing purgation (laxatives) digestive stimulant, corrective of peristalsis and curative of vata and kapha (bhedaniya dipaniya anulomika vata shleshman haranam). 68. Yavasukah (barley ash) :- Having laxative effect causing carmination, curing piles, (stramsana pachana arshoghna) 69. Habitual use of buttermilk (Takrabhyasa) :- Curing grahani (gastrointestinal disorders) oedema, piles, and complication due to improper administration of oleation therapy) (grahanidosha shopha arshoghritvyapatprasaman) 70. Habitual use of meat soup of carnivorous animal (kravyad Mamsa rasaabhyas) :- Curing Grahani (gastrointestinal disorders) (or curing of assimilation disorders, consumption and piles (grahanidosha shosha arshoghnanam) 71. Habitual use of milk & ghee (kshiraghritabhyasa) :- Causing rejuvenation (vitilizers) (rasayananam) 72. Habitual use of diet consisting of equal part of ghee and roasted corn flour (samaghrutasaktuprashabhyas) :- Promoting virility (seminiferous) and cures misperistalsis (vrishya udavartaharanam) 73. Habitual gargling with tila oil (taila gandusha abhyas:- Promoting taste of food and strength of teeth. (danta bala ruchikaranam) 74. Application of sandlewood paste:- Removes foul odour and removes burning sensation of body (durgandhahar daha nirvapanlepananam) 75. Application of rasna (Pluchea lenciolata Oliver and Hiern. ) or Indian groundsel and aguru [Aquilaria agalocha Roxb. ) in ointment form or eagle wood:- Application of these dispel coldness of body (shita panayanpralepananam). 76. Lamajjaka or geranium grass (Cymbopogon Jivarancusa Schult) and ushira (Vetiveria Zizanioides Nash. ) or cus-cus:- Cures burning sensation skin deseases and sweating (daha tvaga dosha swedapanayan). 77. Massage and poultice of kushtha (Saussurea lappa C. B. Clarke) :- Alleviating vata (Vatahara) and useful in unctions and poultices (vatahara abhyangopanahopayoginan) 78. Madhuka (Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn. ] or liquorice:- Beneficial for eye, virility, the hair, throat, completion and promote pigmentation and Healing (cakshushya vrishya keshya kanthya varnya viranjaniya) 79. Fresh air (vayu) :- Restores animation and consciousness (or gives life) (pranasajna pradana hetunam) 80. Heat (agni) :- Curative of ama disorder (or curing indigestion), stiffness, chill, colic pain and shivering (ama stambha shita shulodvepana prashamana) 81. Water (jala) :- Produces astringent effect (stambhaniyanam) 82. Water with a hot clod of earth plunged therein (Mrud bhrushta loshtra nirvapit udaka) :- Alleviates acute attack of thirst and vomiting (trishna chhardi atiyoga prashaman) 83. Intake of food in excess quantity (Atimatrashana) :- Causes serious indigestion or inductive ama disorders (Amapradosha hetunam) 84. Intake of food according to power of digestion (yatha agnya abhyavahara) :- Promoting digestion (agni sandhukshnanam) 85. Wholesome diet and regimen (Yatha satmya cheshtbhyavahara) or eating and working in conformity to one’s constitution:- Worth adopting regimen or among good practices (sevyanam) 86. Intake of food in time (kalabhojana) :- Healthy practices or promote health (arogyakaranam) 87. Contentment or satisfaction (trupti) :- Qualities of food or properties of food (ahara gunanam) 88. Suppression of natural urges (Vegasandharana) :- Unhealthy practices or causes ill health (anarogyakaranam) 89. Wine (madya) :- Exhilerating (saumanasyajananam) 90. Intoxication due to excessive drinking (madyaakshepa) :- Causes loss of intelligence, patience and memory (resolution) (dhi dhriti smriti haranam) 91. Heavy food eating (guru bhojana) :- Causes indigestion or misdigestion (durvipaka) 92. Intakeof food only once in 24 hours (ekashanbhojana) :- Bringing about happiness or that conduce to easy digestion and assimilation (sukha parinama karanam) 93. Excessive indulgence in sexual act (strishva atiprasanga) :- Causing consumption (shoshakaranam) 94. Suppression of urge of seminal ejaculation (shukraveganigraha) :- Causing impotency (shandhyakaranam) 95. The sight of a slaughtering place (paraghatanam) :- That destroy the inclination for food or causing aversion for food (anna ashraddhajanan) 96. Fasting or abstinence from food (anashana) :- That tend to curtail life or reduces longevity (ayusho hrasakaranan) 97. Under eating or intake of food in reduced quantity (pramitashanam) :- That tend to reduce a person or causing emaciation (karshaniyanam) 98. Predigestion meal or intake of meal before the digestion of previous meal (ajirna adhyashana) :- Induces the assimilation disorder or causes impairement of grahani (grahani dushana) 99. Intake of irregular meal (vishamashana) :- Causing irregularity in digestive power (agnivaishamyakaranam) 100. Intake of food having mutually contradictory property or antagonostic property (viruddha viryashana) :- Leads to eight censurable diseases (nindita vyadhikaranam) 101. Self restraint or tranquility (prashamah) :- That are wholesome or healthy regimen (pathyanam) 102. Exertion/straining on self (ayasa) :- Unwholesome/unhealthy regimen (sarva apathyanam) 103. Wrong indulgence/improper utilization (of object of sense) (mithya yoga) :- Generate diseases (Vyadhikaranam) 104. Sex with a menstruating woman (rajaswala abhigamana) :- That is inauspiscious (alaksmimukhanam) 105. Celibacy/continence (brahmacharya) :- Promote longevity (ayushyanam) 106. Adultery (paradara abhigamana) :- Reducing longevity (anayushyanam) 107. Determnation (sankalpa) :- Aphrodisiacs/virility enhancer (vrushyanam) 108. Unhappiness/Disgust (daurmanasya) Loss of virility (avrushyanam) 109. Strenuous efforts exceeding the limit’s of one’s own capacity (ayathabalamarambha) :- Shortening of lifespan (pranoparodhinam) 110. Grief (vishada) :- Aggravation of diseases (rogavardhananam) 111. Bath (snana) :- Removes fatigue (shramaharanam) 112. Cheerfulness/joy (harsha) :- Gives delight (prinananam) 113. Worrry/grief (shoka) :- Emaciating/wasting (shoshananam) 114. Nourishment (pushti) :- Causing good sleep (swapnakaranam) 115. Excessive sleep (atiswapna) :- Causing drowsiness (tandrakaranam) 116. Detachment/inactivity (nivrutti) :- Promote corpulence/nourishing (pushtikaranam) 117. Regular intake of diet of all taste/habitual use of food (sarvarasa abhyasa) :- Promote strength (balakaranam) 118. Regular intake of food having only one taste (eka rasabhyas) :- Causing weakness (daurbalyakaranam) 119. Dead or obstructing foetus (garbhashalya) :- Required to be extracted (aharyanam) 120. Indigestion (ajirna) :- Requiring to be expelled out (by emesis) (uddharyanam). 121. Child/infant (bala) :- Requires mild drug/medicatives (mrudu bheshajiyanam) 122. Old person (vriddha) :- Who requires palliative treatment (yapyanam) 123. Pregnant woman (garbhini) :- Requiring abstinence from the intake of strong medicines, resorting to sexual act and excess physical exercise (tikshna aushadha vyavaya vyayama varjaniyanam) 124. Happiness or cheerful spirit (saumanasya) :- Helping retention of conception (garbhadharanam). 125. Disease due to vitiation of all the three dosha (sannipata) :- Causing difficulty in cure (dushchikitsya) 126. Poisining due to amavisham (Product of improper Metabolism) and digestion:- Causing incurable disease or irremediable (achikitsya) 127. Fever (jwara) :- Important disease (roganam) 128. Kushtha or dermatosis (Obstinate skin disease including leprosy (kushtha) :- Among chronic disease (dirgharoganam) 129. Rajayakshma (pthisis) :- Combination of diseases or among syndrome of disease (rogasamuhanam) 130. Prameha (obstinate urinary disorder including diabetis mellitus) :- Among relapsing diseases (anushamginam) 131. Leech (jalauka) :- Auxilliary surgical devices (anushastranam) 132. Enema (basti) :- Among those requiring practical technique or elimination therapies(tantranama) 133. The Himalayas (Himvanaushadhi) :- Habitats of medicinal plant (bhuminam) 134. Soma:- Among herbs (aushadhinama) 135. Desert/ arid region (marubhumi) :- Among sanatoria or healthy places (arogya deshanam) 136. Marshy land or wet region (anupa) :- Among unhealthy places (Ahita deshanam). 137. Compliance with the instruction of the physician (Nirdeshakaritva) :- Qualities of patients (Aturagunanam) 138. Physician (Bhishak) :- Among factors of therapeutics or Among aspects of treatment (chikitsa anganam) 139. An atheist/disbiliever (nastika) :- Among those who are to be avoided/boycott (varjyanam) 140. Greed or yielding to temptation (laulya) :- Troublesome practices or causes mortification (klesha karanam) 141. Disobedience to the instruction of physician (Anirdeshakaritva) :- Bad prognostic sign. (Arishtanam) 142. Self confidence or zest for life (anirveda) :- Signs of recovery or among attributes of health (vartalakshananam) 143. An assemblage of physicians (vaidyasamuha) :- Helps to resolve doubts (nihsamshaya karanam) 144. Sense of propriety or practical skill (yoga) :- Among qualities of physician (vaidyagunanam) 145. Applied scientific knowledge or proper understanding (vijnanam) :- In pharmacology or therapeutic devices (aushadhinam). 146. Reasoning based on scriptures (shastra sahitatarka) :- Among mean of knowledge or devices for success (sadhananam) 147. Presence of mind or sense of propriety (sampratipatti) :- Among the result accruing from a knowledge of time or timely grasp of situation (Kalajnanaprayojananam) 148. Inaction or Indolence (Adhyavasaya) :- Among the causes of procrastination or waste of time (kalatipattihetunam) 149. Practical experience (drushta karmata) :- Among those that resolve doubts (nihsamshayakaranam) 150. Incapability/Incompetency (asamarthata) :- Terrifying factors/phobia creating factors (bhayakaranam) 151. Clinical seminars/discussion (tadvidyasambhasha) :- Increasing wisdom or that broaden one’s understanding (buddhivardhananam) 152. The teacher/preceptors (acharya) :- Who helps in the acquisition of learning or providing scriptural knowledge (shastradhigamahetunam) 153. Knowlwdge of Ayurveda (Science of living being) :- Among elixirs or bringing about immortality (Amrutanam) 154. Good percepts or words of noble person (sadvachana) Among those that deserve to be practised or requiring to be complied with (anushtheyanam) 155. Words of wicked or misunderstanding (asadgrahana) :- Leading to harmful result or that is injurious (sarva ahitanam) 156. An absolute detachment from action or renunciation of all thing (sarva sanyasa) :- Giving happiness (sukhanam)

english translation

ato bhUyaH karmauSadhAnAM ca prAdhAnyataH sAnubandhAni dravyANyanuvyAkhyAsyAmaH| tadyathA- annaM vRttikarANAM zreSTham, udakamAzvAsakarANAM (surA zramaharANAM), kSIraM jIvanIyAnAM, mAMsaM bRMhaNIyAnAM,rasastarpaNIyAnAM, lavaNamannadravyarucikarANAm, amlaM hRdyAnAM, kukkuTo balyAnAM, nakrareto vRSyANAM, madhuzleSmapittaprazamanAnAM, sarpirvAtapittaprazamanAnAM, tailaM vAtazleSmaprazamanAnAM, vamanaM zleSmaharANAM, virecanaM pittaharANAM,bastirvAtaharANAM, svedo mArdavakarANAM, vyAyAmaH sthairyakarANAM, kSAraH puMstvopaghAtinAM, (tindukamanannadravyarucikarANAm ,)AmaM kapitthamakaNThyAnAm, AvikaM sarpirahRdyAnAm, ajAkSIraM zoSaghnastanyasAtmyaraktasAGgrAhikaraktapittaprazamanAnAm,avikSIraM zleSmapittajananAnAM, mahiSIkSIraM svapnajananAnAM, mandakaM dadhyabhiSyandakarANAM, gavedhukAnnaM karzanIyAnAm,uddAlakAnnaM virUkSaNIyAnAm, ikSurmUtrajananAnAM, yavAH purISajananAnAM, jAmbavaM vAtajananAnAM, zaSkulyaH zleSmapittajananAnAM,kulatthA amlapittajananAnAM, mASAH zleSmapittajananAnAM, madanaphalaM vamanAsthApanAnuvAsanopayoginAM, trivRt sukhavirecanAnAM,caturaGgulo mRduvirecanAnAM, snukpayastIkSNavirecananAM, pratyakpuSpA zirovirecanAnAM, viDaGgaM krimighnAnAM, zirISo viSaghnAnAM,khadiraH kuSThaghnAnAM, rAsnA vAtaharANAm, AmalakaM vayaHsthApanAnAM, harItakI pathyAnAm, eraNDamUlaM vRSyavAtaharANAM,pippalImUlaM dIpanIyapAcanIyAnAhaprazamanAnAM, citrakamUlaM dIpanIyapAcanIyagudazothArzaHzUlaharANAM, puSkaramUlaMhikkAzvAsakAsapArzvazUlaharANAM, mustaM sAGgrAhikadIpanIyapAcanIyAnAm, udIcyaMnirvApaNadIpanIyapAcanIyacchardyatIsAraharANAM, kaTvaGgaM sAGgrAhikapAcanIyadIpanIyAnAm, anantAsAGgrAhikaraktapittaprazamanAnAm, amRtA sAGgrAhikavAtaharadIpanIyazleSmazoNitavibandhaprazamanAnAM, bilvaMsAGgrAhikadIpanIyavAtakaphaprazamanAnAm, ativiSA dIpanIyapAcanIyasAGgrAhikasarvadoSaharANAm,utpalakumudapadmakiJjalkaH sAGgrAhikaraktapittaprazamanAnAM, durAlabhA pittazleSmaprazamanAnAM, gandhapriyaGguHzoNitapittAtiyogaprazamanAnAM, kuTajatvak zleSmapittaraktasAGgrAhikopazoSaNAnAM, kAzmaryaphalaMraktasAGgrAhikaraktapittaprazamanAnAM, pRzniparNI sAGgrAhikavAtaharadIpanIyavRSyANAM, vidArigandhA vRSyasarvadoSaharANAM, balAsAGgrAhikabalyavAtaharANAM, gokSurako mUtrakRcchrAnilaharANAM, hiGguniryAsazchedanIyadIpanIyAnulomikavAtakaphaprazamanAnAm,amlavetaso bhedanIyadIpanIyAnulomikavAtazleSmaharANAM, yAvazUkaH sraMsanIyapAcanIyArzoghnAnAM, takrAbhyAsograhaNIdoSazophArzoghRtavyApatprazamanAnAM, kravyAnmAMsarasAbhyAso grahaNIdoSazoSArzoghnAnAM, kSIraghRtAbhyAso rasAyanAnAM,samaghRtasaktuprAzAbhyAso vRSyodAvartaharANAM, tailagaNDUSAbhyAso dantabalarucikarANAM, candanaM durgandhaharadAhanirvApaNalepanAnAM,rAsnAguruNI zItApanayanapralepanAnAM, lAmajjakozIraM dAhatvagdoSasvedApanayanapralepanAnAM, kuSThaMvAtaharAbhyaGgopanAhopayoginAM, madhukaM cakSuSyavRSyakezyakaNThyavarNyavirajanIyaropaNIyAnAM, vAyuH prANasaJjJApradAnahetUnAm,agnirAmastambhazItazUlodvepanaprazamanAnAM, jalaM stambhanIyAnAM, mRdbhRSTaloSTranirvApitamudakaMtRSNAcchardyatiyogaprazamanAnAm, atimAtrAzanamAmapradoSahetUnAM, yathAgnyabhyavahAro'gnisandhukSaNAnAM, yathAsAtmyaMceSTAbhyavahArau sevyAnAM, kAlabhojanamArogyakarANAM, tRptirAhAraguNAnAM, vegasandhAraNamanArogyakarANAM, madyaMsaumanasyajananAnAM, madyAkSepo dhIdhRtismRtiharANAM, gurubhojanaM durvipAkakarANAm, ekAzanabhojanaM sukhapariNAmakarANAM,strISvatiprasaGgaH zoSakarANAM, zukraveganigrahaH SANDyakarANAM, parAghAtanamannAzraddhAjananAnAm, anazanamAyuSo hrAsakarANAM,pramitAzanaM karzanIyAnAm, ajIrNAdhyazanaM grahaNIdUSaNAnAM, viSamAzanamagnivaiSamyakarANAM, viruddhavIryAzanaMninditavyAdhikarANAM, prazamaH pathyAnAM, AyAsaH sarvApathyAnAM, mithyAyogo vyAdhikarANAM, rajasvalAbhigamanamalakSmImukhAnAM,brahmacaryamAyuSyANAM, paradArAbhigamanamanAyuSyANAM, saGkalpo vRSyANAM, daurmanasyamavRSyANAm, ayathAbalamArambhaHprANoparodhinAM, viSAdo rogavardhanAnAM, snAnaM zramaharANAM, harSaH prINanAnAM, zokaH zoSaNAnAM, nivRttiH puSTikarANAM,puSTiHsvapnakarANAm, atisvapnastandrAkarANAM, sarvarasAbhyAso balakarANAm, ekarasAbhyAso daurbalyakarANAM,garbhazalyamAhAryANAm, ajIrNamuddhAryANAM, bAlo mRdubheSajIyAnAM, vRddho yApyAnAM, garbhiNItIkSNauSadhavyavAyavyAyAmavarjanIyAnAM, saumanasyaM garbhadhAraNAnAM, sannipAto duzcikitsyAnAm, Amo viSamacikitsyAnAM ,jvaro rogANAM, kuSThaM dIrgharogANAM, rAjayakSmA rogasamUhAnAM, prameho'nuSaGgiNAM, jalaukaso'nuzastrANAM, bastistantrANAM,himavAnauSadhibhUmInAM, soma oSadhInAM, marubhUmirArogyadezAnAm, anUpo'hitadezAnAm, nirdezakAritvamAturaguNAnAM, bhiSakcikitsAGgAnAM, nAstikovarjyAnAM, laulyaM klezakarANAm, anirdezakAritvamariSTAnAM, anirvedo vArtalakSaNAnAM, vaidyasamUhoniHsaMzayakarANaM, yogo vaidyaguNAnAM, vijJAnamauSadhInAM, zAstrasahitastarkaH sAdhanAnAM, sampratipattiH kAlajJAnaprayojanAnAm,avyavasAyaH kAlAtipattihetUnAM, dRSTakarmatA niHsaMzayakarANAm, asamarthatA bhayakarANAM, tadvidyasambhASA buddhivardhanAnAm,AcAryaH zAstrAdhigamahetUnAm, Ayurvedo'mRtAnAM, sadvacanamanuSTheyAnAm, asadgrahaNaM sarvAhitAnAM, sarvasannyAsaHsukhAnAmiti ||40||

hk transliteration