Sushruta Samhita

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siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/41/1

अथातो द्रव्यविशेषविज्ञानीयमध्यायं व्याख्यास्यामः ||१||

sanskrit

Now, we shall explain the chapter on the specific properties of drugs.

english translation

hindi translation

athAto dravyavizeSavijJAnIyamadhyAyaM vyAkhyAsyAmaH ||1||

hk transliteration

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siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/41/2

यथोवाच भगवान् धन्वन्तरिः ||२||

sanskrit

As said by Lord Dhanvantari.

english translation

hindi translation

yathovAca bhagavAn dhanvantariH ||2||

hk transliteration

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siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/41/3

तत्र पृथिव्यप्तेजोवाय्वाकाशानां समुदायाद्द्रव्याभिनिर्वृत्तिः, उत्कर्षस्त्वभिव्यञ्जको भवति- इदं पार्थिवमिदमाप्यमिदं तैजसमिदं वायव्यमिदमाकाशीयमिति ||३||

sanskrit

In this context, the properties of substances are characterized by the predominance of the elements of earth, water, fire, air, and sky. The specific attributes of substances are expressed as follows: this is of the earth (Parthiva), this is of water (Apyam), this is of fire (Taijasam), this is of air (Vayaviyam), and this is of sky (Akashiyam).

english translation

hindi translation

tatra pRthivyaptejovAyvAkAzAnAM samudAyAddravyAbhinirvRttiH, utkarSastvabhivyaJjako bhavati- idaM pArthivamidamApyamidaM taijasamidaM vAyavyamidamAkAzIyamiti ||3||

hk transliteration

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siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/41/4

तत्र स्थूलसान्द्रमन्दस्थिरगुरुकठिनं गन्धबहुलमीषत्कषायं प्रायशो मधुरमिति पार्थिवं; तत् स्थैर्यबलगौरवसङ्घातोपचयकरं विशेषतश्चाधोगतिस्वभावमिति(१) | शीतस्तिमितस्निग्धमन्दगुरुसरसान्द्रमृदुपिच्छिलं रसबहुलमीषत्कषायाम्ललवणं मधुररसप्रायमाप्यं; तत् स्नेहनह्लादनक्लेदनबन्धनविष्यन्दनकरमिति;(२) | उष्णतीक्ष्णसूक्ष्मरूक्षखरलघुविशदं रूपबहुलमीषदम्ललवणं कटुकरसप्रायं विशेषतश्चोर्ध्वगतिस्वभावमिति तैजसं; तद्दहनपचनदारणतापनप्रकाशनप्रभावर्णकरमिति;(३) | सूक्ष्मरूक्षखरशिशिरलघुविशदं स्पर्शबहुलमीषत्तिक्तं विशेषतः कषायमिति वायवीयं; तद्वैशद्यलाघवग्लपनविरूक्षणविचारणकरमिति;(४) | श्लक्ष्णसूक्ष्ममृदुव्यवायिविशदविविक्तमव्यक्तरसं शब्दबहुलमाकाशीयं; तन्मार्दवशौषिर्यलाघवकरमिति(५) ||४||

sanskrit

Here, substances are categorized based on their predominant qualities: Earth (Parthiva): Substances that are coarse, dense, stable, heavy, hard, with a strong odor, somewhat astringent, and primarily sweet in taste. These substances increase firmness, strength, heaviness, and generally have a downward tendency. Water (Apyam): Substances that are cold, moist, smooth, slow to digest, mobile, dense, soft, slimy, and sappy, with tastes that are predominantly acidic, salty, or sweet, and slightly astringent. These substances provide lubrication, pleasure, and binding, and promote the body's liquid content. Fire (Taijasam): Substances that are heat-producing, sharp, subtle, penetrate the finest capillaries, dry, rough, light, and non-slimy, with a predominantly pungent taste and a slight saltiness. These substances have an upward tendency, produce a burning sensation, aid digestion, and enhance complexion and eyesight. Air (Vayaviyam): Substances that are subtle, dry, rough, light, cold, non-slimy, with a predominantly astringent taste and a slight bitterness. These substances reduce internal sliminess, produce lightness, dryness, and emaciation, and enhance mental clarity. Sky (Akashiyam): Substances that are smooth, unctuous, subtle, soft or pliant, expansive, porous, and have no definite taste. These substances impart softness, lightness, and porosity to the body.

english translation

hindi translation

tatra sthUlasAndramandasthiragurukaThinaM gandhabahulamISatkaSAyaM prAyazo madhuramiti pArthivaM; tat sthairyabalagauravasaGghAtopacayakaraM vizeSatazcAdhogatisvabhAvamiti(1) | zItastimitasnigdhamandagurusarasAndramRdupicchilaM rasabahulamISatkaSAyAmlalavaNaM madhurarasaprAyamApyaM; tat snehanahlAdanakledanabandhanaviSyandanakaramiti;(2) | uSNatIkSNasUkSmarUkSakharalaghuvizadaM rUpabahulamISadamlalavaNaM kaTukarasaprAyaM vizeSatazcordhvagatisvabhAvamiti taijasaM; taddahanapacanadAraNatApanaprakAzanaprabhAvarNakaramiti;(3) | sUkSmarUkSakharaziziralaghuvizadaM sparzabahulamISattiktaM vizeSataH kaSAyamiti vAyavIyaM; tadvaizadyalAghavaglapanavirUkSaNavicAraNakaramiti;(4) | zlakSNasUkSmamRduvyavAyivizadaviviktamavyaktarasaM zabdabahulamAkAzIyaM; tanmArdavazauSiryalAghavakaramiti(5) ||4||

hk transliteration

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5

siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/41/5

अनेन निदर्शनेन नानौषधीभूतं जगति किञ्चिद्द्रव्यमस्तीति कृत्वा तं तं युक्तिविशेषमर्थं चाभिसमीक्ष्य स्ववीर्यगुणयुक्तानि द्रव्याणि कार्मुकाणि भवन्ति | तानि यदा कुर्वन्ति स कालः, यत् कुर्वन्ति तत् कर्म, येन कुर्वन्ति तद्वीर्यं, यत्र कुर्वन्ति तदधिकरणं, यथा कुर्वन्ति स उपायः, यन्निष्पादयन्ति तत् फलमिति ||५||

sanskrit

By this illustration, it is established that there is no substance in the world that is not medicinal. Considering each substance's specific qualities and characteristics, substances with their inherent virtues and properties are identified as having therapeutic potential. The time during which a drug exerts its effect is called its "Kala" or period of action. The immediate outcome of using or applying a medicinal remedy is called its "Karma" or physiological action. The principle through which the action is performed is referred to as its "Viryam" or potency. The receptacle in which the action takes place is called its "Adhikarana" or receptacle. The means by which the action is effected is called its "Upaya" or agency, and the result it accomplishes is called its "Phala" or therapeutic effect.

english translation

hindi translation

anena nidarzanena nAnauSadhIbhUtaM jagati kiJciddravyamastIti kRtvA taM taM yuktivizeSamarthaM cAbhisamIkSya svavIryaguNayuktAni dravyANi kArmukANi bhavanti | tAni yadA kurvanti sa kAlaH, yat kurvanti tat karma, yena kurvanti tadvIryaM, yatra kurvanti tadadhikaraNaM, yathA kurvanti sa upAyaH, yanniSpAdayanti tat phalamiti ||5||

hk transliteration

Chapter 41

Verses 6-10