Sushruta Samhita

siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/40/10

नेत्याहुरन्ये , विपाकः प्रधानमिति | कस्मात्? सम्यङ्मिथ्याविपक्वत्वात्; इह सर्वद्रवाण्यभ्यवहृतानि सम्यङ्मिथ्याविपक्वानि गुणं दोषं वा जनयन्ति | तत्राहुरन्ये- प्रति रसं पाक इति | केचित्त्रिविधमिच्छन्ति- मधुरमम्लं कटुकं चेति | तत्तु न सम्यक्, भूतगुणादामाच्चान्योऽम्लो विपाको नास्ति; पित्तं हि विदग्धमम्लतामुपैत्याग्नेयत्वात्; यद्येवं लवणोऽप्यन्यः पाको भविष्यति, श्लेष्मा हि विदग्धो लवणतामुपैतीति | मधुरो मधुरस्याम्लोऽम्लस्यैवं सर्वेषामिति केचिदाहुः; दृष्टान्तं चोपदिशन्ति- यथा तावत् क्षीरमुखागतं पच्यमानं मधुरमेव स्यात्तथा शालियवमुद्गादयः प्रकीर्णाः स्वभावमुत्तरकालेऽपि न परित्यजन्ति तद्वदिति | केचिद्वदन्ति- अबलवन्तो बलवतां वशमायान्तीति | एवमनवस्थितिः, तस्मादसिद्धान्त एषः | आगमे हि द्विविध एव पाको मधुरः कटुकश्च | तयोर्मधुराख्यो गुरुः, कटुकाख्यो लघुरिति | तत्र पृथिव्यप्तेजोवाय्वाकाशानां द्वैविध्यं भवति गुणसाधर्म्याद्गुरुता लघुता च; पृथिव्यापश्च गुर्व्यः, शेषाणि लघूनि; तस्माद्द्विविध एव पाक इति ||१०||

sanskrit

Others say that digestion (Vipāka) is primary. Why? Because digestion determines the ultimate qualities or defects. Here, all substances, when properly digested, generate qualities or defects. Some say that digestion is characterized according to taste. Others divide it into three types: sweet, sour, and pungent. However, this is not entirely accurate, as the qualities depend on the inherent nature of the substances and their digestion. For example, a sour substance will lead to sourness, not sweetness; similarly, a salty substance will lead to saltiness and so forth. Some also say that digestion varies according to strength, with strong substances leading to more potent effects. This idea is not consistent. According to the texts, digestion is of two types: sweet and pungent. Among these, the sweet type is considered heavy, while the pungent type is considered light. This classification is based on the similarity of qualities among the elements: earth, water, fire, air, and space. Earth and water are heavier, while the others are lighter. Therefore, digestion is classified into two types: sweet and pungent.

english translation

hindi translation

netyAhuranye , vipAkaH pradhAnamiti | kasmAt? samyaGmithyAvipakvatvAt; iha sarvadravANyabhyavahRtAni samyaGmithyAvipakvAni guNaM doSaM vA janayanti | tatrAhuranye- prati rasaM pAka iti | kecittrividhamicchanti- madhuramamlaM kaTukaM ceti | tattu na samyak, bhUtaguNAdAmAccAnyo'mlo vipAko nAsti; pittaM hi vidagdhamamlatAmupaityAgneyatvAt; yadyevaM lavaNo'pyanyaH pAko bhaviSyati, zleSmA hi vidagdho lavaNatAmupaitIti | madhuro madhurasyAmlo'mlasyaivaM sarveSAmiti kecidAhuH; dRSTAntaM copadizanti- yathA tAvat kSIramukhAgataM pacyamAnaM madhurameva syAttathA zAliyavamudgAdayaH prakIrNAH svabhAvamuttarakAle'pi na parityajanti tadvaditi | kecidvadanti- abalavanto balavatAM vazamAyAntIti | evamanavasthitiH, tasmAdasiddhAnta eSaH | Agame hi dvividha eva pAko madhuraH kaTukazca | tayormadhurAkhyo guruH, kaTukAkhyo laghuriti | tatra pRthivyaptejovAyvAkAzAnAM dvaividhyaM bhavati guNasAdharmyAdgurutA laghutA ca; pRthivyApazca gurvyaH, zeSANi laghUni; tasmAddvividha eva pAka iti ||10||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/sushruta-samhita/sutra-sthana/40/10

नेत्याहुरन्ये , विपाकः प्रधानमिति | कस्मात्? सम्यङ्मिथ्याविपक्वत्वात्; इह सर्वद्रवाण्यभ्यवहृतानि सम्यङ्मिथ्याविपक्वानि गुणं दोषं वा जनयन्ति | तत्राहुरन्ये- प्रति रसं पाक इति | केचित्त्रिविधमिच्छन्ति- मधुरमम्लं कटुकं चेति | तत्तु न सम्यक्, भूतगुणादामाच्चान्योऽम्लो विपाको नास्ति; पित्तं हि विदग्धमम्लतामुपैत्याग्नेयत्वात्; यद्येवं लवणोऽप्यन्यः पाको भविष्यति, श्लेष्मा हि विदग्धो लवणतामुपैतीति | मधुरो मधुरस्याम्लोऽम्लस्यैवं सर्वेषामिति केचिदाहुः; दृष्टान्तं चोपदिशन्ति- यथा तावत् क्षीरमुखागतं पच्यमानं मधुरमेव स्यात्तथा शालियवमुद्गादयः प्रकीर्णाः स्वभावमुत्तरकालेऽपि न परित्यजन्ति तद्वदिति | केचिद्वदन्ति- अबलवन्तो बलवतां वशमायान्तीति | एवमनवस्थितिः, तस्मादसिद्धान्त एषः | आगमे हि द्विविध एव पाको मधुरः कटुकश्च | तयोर्मधुराख्यो गुरुः, कटुकाख्यो लघुरिति | तत्र पृथिव्यप्तेजोवाय्वाकाशानां द्वैविध्यं भवति गुणसाधर्म्याद्गुरुता लघुता च; पृथिव्यापश्च गुर्व्यः, शेषाणि लघूनि; तस्माद्द्विविध एव पाक इति ||१०||

sanskrit

Others say that digestion (Vipāka) is primary. Why? Because digestion determines the ultimate qualities or defects. Here, all substances, when properly digested, generate qualities or defects. Some say that digestion is characterized according to taste. Others divide it into three types: sweet, sour, and pungent. However, this is not entirely accurate, as the qualities depend on the inherent nature of the substances and their digestion. For example, a sour substance will lead to sourness, not sweetness; similarly, a salty substance will lead to saltiness and so forth. Some also say that digestion varies according to strength, with strong substances leading to more potent effects. This idea is not consistent. According to the texts, digestion is of two types: sweet and pungent. Among these, the sweet type is considered heavy, while the pungent type is considered light. This classification is based on the similarity of qualities among the elements: earth, water, fire, air, and space. Earth and water are heavier, while the others are lighter. Therefore, digestion is classified into two types: sweet and pungent.

english translation

hindi translation

netyAhuranye , vipAkaH pradhAnamiti | kasmAt? samyaGmithyAvipakvatvAt; iha sarvadravANyabhyavahRtAni samyaGmithyAvipakvAni guNaM doSaM vA janayanti | tatrAhuranye- prati rasaM pAka iti | kecittrividhamicchanti- madhuramamlaM kaTukaM ceti | tattu na samyak, bhUtaguNAdAmAccAnyo'mlo vipAko nAsti; pittaM hi vidagdhamamlatAmupaityAgneyatvAt; yadyevaM lavaNo'pyanyaH pAko bhaviSyati, zleSmA hi vidagdho lavaNatAmupaitIti | madhuro madhurasyAmlo'mlasyaivaM sarveSAmiti kecidAhuH; dRSTAntaM copadizanti- yathA tAvat kSIramukhAgataM pacyamAnaM madhurameva syAttathA zAliyavamudgAdayaH prakIrNAH svabhAvamuttarakAle'pi na parityajanti tadvaditi | kecidvadanti- abalavanto balavatAM vazamAyAntIti | evamanavasthitiH, tasmAdasiddhAnta eSaH | Agame hi dvividha eva pAko madhuraH kaTukazca | tayormadhurAkhyo guruH, kaTukAkhyo laghuriti | tatra pRthivyaptejovAyvAkAzAnAM dvaividhyaM bhavati guNasAdharmyAdgurutA laghutA ca; pRthivyApazca gurvyaH, zeSANi laghUni; tasmAddvividha eva pAka iti ||10||

hk transliteration