Charak Samhita

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/11/36

त्रिविधं बलमिति- सहजं, कालजं, युक्तिकृतं च| सहजं यच्छरीरसत्त्वयोः प्राकृतं, कालकृतमृतुविभागजं वयःकृतं च, युक्तिकृतं पुनस्तद्यदाहारचेष्टायोगजम् ||३६||

sanskrit

[Three Types of Bala (strength)] Sahaja (hereditary, since birth), kalaja (seasonal or periodic), and yuktikrita (acquired). Sahaja bala is present in body and mind since birth or naturally. Kalakrita bala is according to the seasonal variations and age of the person. Yukti krita bala or acquired strength is based on the combination of the dietetic and the other regimens followed by the person.

english translation

trividhaM balamiti- sahajaM, kAlajaM, yuktikRtaM ca| sahajaM yaccharIrasattvayoH prAkRtaM, kAlakRtamRtuvibhAgajaM vayaHkRtaM ca, yuktikRtaM punastadyadAhAraceSTAyogajam ||36||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/11/37

त्रीण्यायतनानीति- अर्थानां कर्मणः कालस्य चातियोगायोगमिथ्यायोगाः| तत्रातिप्रभावतां दृश्यानामतिमात्रं दर्शनमतियोगः, सर्वशोऽदर्शनमयोगः,अतिश्लिष्टातिविप्रकृष्टरौद्रभैरवाद्भुतद्विष्टबीभत्सनविकृतवित्रासनादिरूपदर्शनं मिथ्यायोगः;तथाऽतिमात्रस्तनितपटहोत्क्रुष्टादीनां शब्दानामतिमात्रं श्रवणमतियोगः, सर्वशोऽश्रवणमयोगः,परुषेष्टविनाशोपघातप्रधर्षणभीषणादिशब्दश्रवणं मिथ्यायोगः; तथाऽतितीक्ष्णोग्राभिष्यन्दिनां गन्धानामतिमात्रंघ्राणमतियोगः, सर्वशोऽघ्राणमयोगः, पूतिद्विष्टामेध्यक्लिन्नविषपवनकुणपगन्धादिघ्राणं मिथ्यायोगः; तथारसानामत्यादानमतियोगः, सर्वशोऽनादानमयोगः, मिथ्यायोगो राशिवर्ज्येष्वाहारविधिविशेषायतनेषूपदेक्ष्यते;तथाऽतिशीतोष्णानां स्पृश्यानां स्नानाभ्यङ्गोत्सादनादीनां चात्युपसेवनमतियोगः, सर्वशोऽनुपसेवनमयोगः, स्नानादीनांशीतोष्णादीनां च स्पृश्यानामनानुपूर्व्योपसेवनं विषमस्थानाभिघाताशुचिभूतसंस्पर्शादयश्चेति मिथ्यायोगः ||३७||

sanskrit

[Three Ayatana (causes of diseases)] Atiyoga (excessive utilisation), ayoga (non-utilisation) and mithyayoga (wrong utilisation) of artha (objects of senses), karma (actions) and kala (time) are three causes of diseases. Examples are: -Atiyoga of sense of vision is excessive gazing at highly illuminous things, -Ayoga of sense of vision is to not look at anything -Mithyayoga of the sense of vision would be looking at things which are too close or too far, looking at awful, terrifying or surprising, contemptuous, frightful or deformed and alarming things is wrong utilization. Likewise, to hear loud noise coming out of thunder bolt, kettle drum, loud cries etc. are the examples of excessive utilization of sense of hearing, not hearing anything at all is non-utilization, hearing harsh words, news about death of near and dear or about loss of wealth, assaulting, insulting and terrifying sounds is wrong utilization of sense of hearing. Smelling of sharp, acute and intoxicating odors is excessive utilization of sense of olfaction, not to smell is non-utilization. Smelling of putrid, unpleasant, dirty, putrefied and cadaverous smell and poisonous gas is wrong utilization of sense of smell. ___Similarly, excessive intake of various substances with different tastes is over utilization of gustatory sense, not to use the sense is its non-utilization, and intake of things not considering the factors for utility of food mentioned in Vimana Sthana except rashi is the wrong utilization of gustatory senses. Excessive cold or hot water bath, excessive massage, unction etc. constitutes overuse of tactile senses, not to use at all is non-utilization, touch of uneven places, trauma, dirty objects, bhuta-sansparsha (microscopic organisms causing diseases) is the wrong utilization of tactile senses.

english translation

trINyAyatanAnIti- arthAnAM karmaNaH kAlasya cAtiyogAyogamithyAyogAH| tatrAtiprabhAvatAM dRzyAnAmatimAtraM darzanamatiyogaH, sarvazo'darzanamayogaH,atizliSTAtiviprakRSTaraudrabhairavAdbhutadviSTabIbhatsanavikRtavitrAsanAdirUpadarzanaM mithyAyogaH;tathA'timAtrastanitapaTahotkruSTAdInAM zabdAnAmatimAtraM zravaNamatiyogaH, sarvazo'zravaNamayogaH,paruSeSTavinAzopaghAtapradharSaNabhISaNAdizabdazravaNaM mithyAyogaH; tathA'titIkSNogrAbhiSyandinAM gandhAnAmatimAtraMghrANamatiyogaH, sarvazo'ghrANamayogaH, pUtidviSTAmedhyaklinnaviSapavanakuNapagandhAdighrANaM mithyAyogaH; tathArasAnAmatyAdAnamatiyogaH, sarvazo'nAdAnamayogaH, mithyAyogo rAzivarjyeSvAhAravidhivizeSAyataneSUpadekSyate;tathA'tizItoSNAnAM spRzyAnAM snAnAbhyaGgotsAdanAdInAM cAtyupasevanamatiyogaH, sarvazo'nupasevanamayogaH, snAnAdInAMzItoSNAdInAM ca spRzyAnAmanAnupUrvyopasevanaM viSamasthAnAbhighAtAzucibhUtasaMsparzAdayazceti mithyAyogaH ||37||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/11/38

तत्रैकं स्पर्शनमिन्द्रियाणामिन्द्रियव्यापकं , चेतः- समवायि, स्पर्शनव्याप्तेर्व्यापकमपि च चेतः; तस्मात् सर्वेन्द्रियाणांव्यापकस्पर्शकृतो यो भावविशेषः, सोऽयमनुपशयात् पञ्चविधस्त्रिविधविकल्पो भवत्यसात्म्येन्द्रियार्थसंयोगः; सात्म्यार्थोह्युपशयार्थः ||३८||

sanskrit

[Three Causes of Diseases] Asatmyendriyarthasamyoga: The sense of touch is present/pervades in all the senses, it is associated with mind. The mind is pervaded in sense of touch, the latter in turn in all senses. The anupashaya (unwholesome objects) of sensual faculties are divided into five types further sub divided into three each (non-utilization, over utilization, wrong utilization). This is known as asatmyendriyatha samyoga. The favorable reaction of the senses is satmya (adaptation/wholesome conjunction of senses with their object).

english translation

tatraikaM sparzanamindriyANAmindriyavyApakaM , cetaH- samavAyi, sparzanavyAptervyApakamapi ca cetaH; tasmAt sarvendriyANAMvyApakasparzakRto yo bhAvavizeSaH, so'yamanupazayAt paJcavidhastrividhavikalpo bhavatyasAtmyendriyArthasaMyogaH; sAtmyArthohyupazayArthaH ||38||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/11/39

कर्म वाङ्मनःशरीरप्रवृत्तिः| तत्र वाङ्मनःशरीरातिप्रवृत्तिरतियोगः; सर्वशोऽप्रवृत्तिरयोगः;वेगधारणोदीरणविषमस्खलनपतनाङ्गप्रणिधानाङ्गप्रदूषणप्रहारमर्दनप्राणोपरोधसङ्क्लेशनादिः शारीरो मिथ्यायोगः,सूचकानृताकालकलहाप्रियाबद्धानुपचारपरुषवचनादिर्वाङ्मिथ्यायोगः, भयशोकक्रोधलोभमोहमानेर्ष्यामिथ्यादर्शनादिर्मानसोमिथ्यायोगः ||३९||

sanskrit

[Prajnaparadha (intellectual defects)] Action includes verbal, mental and body (physical) activities. The atiyoga (excess action) includes speech, mind and body activities in excessive manner and their complete inactivity is ayoga (non-utilisation). Suppression of natural urges, their forceful manifestation, slipping from uneven places, excessive walking, falling, keeping body parts in improper posture, keeping body parts unhygienic, body assault, excessive massage, excess holding of breath and giving all kind of torture to body are the examples of wrong utilization of body activities. Backbiting, lying, unnecessary quarrels, unpleasant talks, irrelevant and unpleasant and harsh talks are the examples of wrong utilization of speech. Fear, grief, anger, greed, confusion, proud, envy and misconceptions are wrong utilization of mind.

english translation

karma vAGmanaHzarIrapravRttiH| tatra vAGmanaHzarIrAtipravRttiratiyogaH; sarvazo'pravRttirayogaH;vegadhAraNodIraNaviSamaskhalanapatanAGgapraNidhAnAGgapradUSaNaprahAramardanaprANoparodhasaGklezanAdiH zArIro mithyAyogaH,sUcakAnRtAkAlakalahApriyAbaddhAnupacAraparuSavacanAdirvAGmithyAyogaH, bhayazokakrodhalobhamohamAnerSyAmithyAdarzanAdirmAnasomithyAyogaH ||39||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/11/40

सङ्ग्रहेण चातियोगायोगवर्जं कर्म वाङ्मनःशरीरजमहितमनुपदिष्टं यत्तच्च मिथ्यायोगं विद्यात् ||४०||

sanskrit

In brief, actions which are not included in over utilization and non-utilization related to actions of speech, mind and body and which are harmful even though not mentioned comes under wrong utilization of acts of speech, mind and body.

english translation

saGgraheNa cAtiyogAyogavarjaM karma vAGmanaHzarIrajamahitamanupadiSTaM yattacca mithyAyogaM vidyAt ||40||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/11/36

त्रिविधं बलमिति- सहजं, कालजं, युक्तिकृतं च| सहजं यच्छरीरसत्त्वयोः प्राकृतं, कालकृतमृतुविभागजं वयःकृतं च, युक्तिकृतं पुनस्तद्यदाहारचेष्टायोगजम् ||३६||

sanskrit

[Three Types of Bala (strength)] Sahaja (hereditary, since birth), kalaja (seasonal or periodic), and yuktikrita (acquired). Sahaja bala is present in body and mind since birth or naturally. Kalakrita bala is according to the seasonal variations and age of the person. Yukti krita bala or acquired strength is based on the combination of the dietetic and the other regimens followed by the person.

english translation

trividhaM balamiti- sahajaM, kAlajaM, yuktikRtaM ca| sahajaM yaccharIrasattvayoH prAkRtaM, kAlakRtamRtuvibhAgajaM vayaHkRtaM ca, yuktikRtaM punastadyadAhAraceSTAyogajam ||36||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/11/37

त्रीण्यायतनानीति- अर्थानां कर्मणः कालस्य चातियोगायोगमिथ्यायोगाः| तत्रातिप्रभावतां दृश्यानामतिमात्रं दर्शनमतियोगः, सर्वशोऽदर्शनमयोगः,अतिश्लिष्टातिविप्रकृष्टरौद्रभैरवाद्भुतद्विष्टबीभत्सनविकृतवित्रासनादिरूपदर्शनं मिथ्यायोगः;तथाऽतिमात्रस्तनितपटहोत्क्रुष्टादीनां शब्दानामतिमात्रं श्रवणमतियोगः, सर्वशोऽश्रवणमयोगः,परुषेष्टविनाशोपघातप्रधर्षणभीषणादिशब्दश्रवणं मिथ्यायोगः; तथाऽतितीक्ष्णोग्राभिष्यन्दिनां गन्धानामतिमात्रंघ्राणमतियोगः, सर्वशोऽघ्राणमयोगः, पूतिद्विष्टामेध्यक्लिन्नविषपवनकुणपगन्धादिघ्राणं मिथ्यायोगः; तथारसानामत्यादानमतियोगः, सर्वशोऽनादानमयोगः, मिथ्यायोगो राशिवर्ज्येष्वाहारविधिविशेषायतनेषूपदेक्ष्यते;तथाऽतिशीतोष्णानां स्पृश्यानां स्नानाभ्यङ्गोत्सादनादीनां चात्युपसेवनमतियोगः, सर्वशोऽनुपसेवनमयोगः, स्नानादीनांशीतोष्णादीनां च स्पृश्यानामनानुपूर्व्योपसेवनं विषमस्थानाभिघाताशुचिभूतसंस्पर्शादयश्चेति मिथ्यायोगः ||३७||

sanskrit

[Three Ayatana (causes of diseases)] Atiyoga (excessive utilisation), ayoga (non-utilisation) and mithyayoga (wrong utilisation) of artha (objects of senses), karma (actions) and kala (time) are three causes of diseases. Examples are: -Atiyoga of sense of vision is excessive gazing at highly illuminous things, -Ayoga of sense of vision is to not look at anything -Mithyayoga of the sense of vision would be looking at things which are too close or too far, looking at awful, terrifying or surprising, contemptuous, frightful or deformed and alarming things is wrong utilization. Likewise, to hear loud noise coming out of thunder bolt, kettle drum, loud cries etc. are the examples of excessive utilization of sense of hearing, not hearing anything at all is non-utilization, hearing harsh words, news about death of near and dear or about loss of wealth, assaulting, insulting and terrifying sounds is wrong utilization of sense of hearing. Smelling of sharp, acute and intoxicating odors is excessive utilization of sense of olfaction, not to smell is non-utilization. Smelling of putrid, unpleasant, dirty, putrefied and cadaverous smell and poisonous gas is wrong utilization of sense of smell. ___Similarly, excessive intake of various substances with different tastes is over utilization of gustatory sense, not to use the sense is its non-utilization, and intake of things not considering the factors for utility of food mentioned in Vimana Sthana except rashi is the wrong utilization of gustatory senses. Excessive cold or hot water bath, excessive massage, unction etc. constitutes overuse of tactile senses, not to use at all is non-utilization, touch of uneven places, trauma, dirty objects, bhuta-sansparsha (microscopic organisms causing diseases) is the wrong utilization of tactile senses.

english translation

trINyAyatanAnIti- arthAnAM karmaNaH kAlasya cAtiyogAyogamithyAyogAH| tatrAtiprabhAvatAM dRzyAnAmatimAtraM darzanamatiyogaH, sarvazo'darzanamayogaH,atizliSTAtiviprakRSTaraudrabhairavAdbhutadviSTabIbhatsanavikRtavitrAsanAdirUpadarzanaM mithyAyogaH;tathA'timAtrastanitapaTahotkruSTAdInAM zabdAnAmatimAtraM zravaNamatiyogaH, sarvazo'zravaNamayogaH,paruSeSTavinAzopaghAtapradharSaNabhISaNAdizabdazravaNaM mithyAyogaH; tathA'titIkSNogrAbhiSyandinAM gandhAnAmatimAtraMghrANamatiyogaH, sarvazo'ghrANamayogaH, pUtidviSTAmedhyaklinnaviSapavanakuNapagandhAdighrANaM mithyAyogaH; tathArasAnAmatyAdAnamatiyogaH, sarvazo'nAdAnamayogaH, mithyAyogo rAzivarjyeSvAhAravidhivizeSAyataneSUpadekSyate;tathA'tizItoSNAnAM spRzyAnAM snAnAbhyaGgotsAdanAdInAM cAtyupasevanamatiyogaH, sarvazo'nupasevanamayogaH, snAnAdInAMzItoSNAdInAM ca spRzyAnAmanAnupUrvyopasevanaM viSamasthAnAbhighAtAzucibhUtasaMsparzAdayazceti mithyAyogaH ||37||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/11/38

तत्रैकं स्पर्शनमिन्द्रियाणामिन्द्रियव्यापकं , चेतः- समवायि, स्पर्शनव्याप्तेर्व्यापकमपि च चेतः; तस्मात् सर्वेन्द्रियाणांव्यापकस्पर्शकृतो यो भावविशेषः, सोऽयमनुपशयात् पञ्चविधस्त्रिविधविकल्पो भवत्यसात्म्येन्द्रियार्थसंयोगः; सात्म्यार्थोह्युपशयार्थः ||३८||

sanskrit

[Three Causes of Diseases] Asatmyendriyarthasamyoga: The sense of touch is present/pervades in all the senses, it is associated with mind. The mind is pervaded in sense of touch, the latter in turn in all senses. The anupashaya (unwholesome objects) of sensual faculties are divided into five types further sub divided into three each (non-utilization, over utilization, wrong utilization). This is known as asatmyendriyatha samyoga. The favorable reaction of the senses is satmya (adaptation/wholesome conjunction of senses with their object).

english translation

tatraikaM sparzanamindriyANAmindriyavyApakaM , cetaH- samavAyi, sparzanavyAptervyApakamapi ca cetaH; tasmAt sarvendriyANAMvyApakasparzakRto yo bhAvavizeSaH, so'yamanupazayAt paJcavidhastrividhavikalpo bhavatyasAtmyendriyArthasaMyogaH; sAtmyArthohyupazayArthaH ||38||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/11/39

कर्म वाङ्मनःशरीरप्रवृत्तिः| तत्र वाङ्मनःशरीरातिप्रवृत्तिरतियोगः; सर्वशोऽप्रवृत्तिरयोगः;वेगधारणोदीरणविषमस्खलनपतनाङ्गप्रणिधानाङ्गप्रदूषणप्रहारमर्दनप्राणोपरोधसङ्क्लेशनादिः शारीरो मिथ्यायोगः,सूचकानृताकालकलहाप्रियाबद्धानुपचारपरुषवचनादिर्वाङ्मिथ्यायोगः, भयशोकक्रोधलोभमोहमानेर्ष्यामिथ्यादर्शनादिर्मानसोमिथ्यायोगः ||३९||

sanskrit

[Prajnaparadha (intellectual defects)] Action includes verbal, mental and body (physical) activities. The atiyoga (excess action) includes speech, mind and body activities in excessive manner and their complete inactivity is ayoga (non-utilisation). Suppression of natural urges, their forceful manifestation, slipping from uneven places, excessive walking, falling, keeping body parts in improper posture, keeping body parts unhygienic, body assault, excessive massage, excess holding of breath and giving all kind of torture to body are the examples of wrong utilization of body activities. Backbiting, lying, unnecessary quarrels, unpleasant talks, irrelevant and unpleasant and harsh talks are the examples of wrong utilization of speech. Fear, grief, anger, greed, confusion, proud, envy and misconceptions are wrong utilization of mind.

english translation

karma vAGmanaHzarIrapravRttiH| tatra vAGmanaHzarIrAtipravRttiratiyogaH; sarvazo'pravRttirayogaH;vegadhAraNodIraNaviSamaskhalanapatanAGgapraNidhAnAGgapradUSaNaprahAramardanaprANoparodhasaGklezanAdiH zArIro mithyAyogaH,sUcakAnRtAkAlakalahApriyAbaddhAnupacAraparuSavacanAdirvAGmithyAyogaH, bhayazokakrodhalobhamohamAnerSyAmithyAdarzanAdirmAnasomithyAyogaH ||39||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/11/40

सङ्ग्रहेण चातियोगायोगवर्जं कर्म वाङ्मनःशरीरजमहितमनुपदिष्टं यत्तच्च मिथ्यायोगं विद्यात् ||४०||

sanskrit

In brief, actions which are not included in over utilization and non-utilization related to actions of speech, mind and body and which are harmful even though not mentioned comes under wrong utilization of acts of speech, mind and body.

english translation

saGgraheNa cAtiyogAyogavarjaM karma vAGmanaHzarIrajamahitamanupadiSTaM yattacca mithyAyogaM vidyAt ||40||

hk transliteration