Charak Samhita

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sharira-sthana/6/11

यत्र त्वेवंलक्षणेन सामान्येन सामान्यवतामाहारविकाराणामसान्निध्यं स्यात्, सन्निहितानां वाऽप्ययुक्तत्वान्नोपयोगो घृणित्वादन्यस्माद्वा कारणात्, स च धातुरभिवर्धयितव्यः स्यात्, तस्य ये समानगुणाः स्युराहारविकारा असेव्याश्च, तत्रसमानगुणभूयिष्ठानामन्यप्रकृतीनामप्याहारविकाराणामुपयोगः स्यात्| तद्यथा- शुक्रक्षये क्षीरसर्पिषोरुपयोगो मधुरस्निग्धशीतसमाख्यातानां चापरेषां द्रव्याणां, मूत्रक्षये पुनरिक्षुरसवारुणीमण्डद्रवमधुराम्ललवणोपक्लेदिनां, पुरीषक्षये कुल्माषमाषकुष्कुण्डाजमध्ययवशाकधान्याम्लानां, वातक्षयेकटुकतिक्तकषायरूक्षलघुशीतानां, पित्तक्षयेऽम्ललवणकटुकक्षारोष्णतीक्ष्णानां, श्लेष्मक्षये स्निग्धगुरुमधुरसान्द्रपिच्छिलानां द्रव्याणाम्| कर्मापि यद्यस्य धातोर्वृध्दिकरं तत्तदासेव्यम्| एवमन्येषामपि शरीरधातूनां सामान्यविपर्ययाभ्यां वृध्दिह्रासौ यथाकालं कार्यौ| इति सर्वधातूनामेकैकशोऽतिदेशतश्च वृध्दिह्रासकराणि व्याख्यातानि भवन्ति ||११||

sanskrit

[Management of disequilibrium of body elements] If a particular dhatu is to be increased and the dietary articles with similar properties cannot be consumed because of their non-availability or even if available they cannot be used because of unsuitability, intolerable nature or any other cause, then food preparations of different nature having the predominance of the attributes of the dhatu (that needs to be enhanced) should be used. Here are some examples to illustrate this. When there is a deficiency of shukra, milk, ghee and other such substances known to be madhura (sweet), snigdha(unctuous), and sheeta(cold) should be administered. In case of diminution of mutra, sugarcane juice, varuni type of wine, manda (thin gruel), liquid food articles and substances having madhura, lavana,and amla tastes and sticky nature should be administered. For diminution of purisha (feces), kulmasha, masha, kuskund (mushrooms), ajamadhya (meat of abdomen and trunk of goat), yava, shaka (leafy vegetables), and dhanyamla (sour rice gruel) should be given. The diminution of vata should be treated with substances having katu, tikta, and kashaya tastes, and ruksha, laghu and sheeta properties. In case of diminution of pitta, substances having amla, lavana, katu tastes, and ushna and tikshna properties should be administered whereas for diminution of vata, substances having madhura taste, and snigdha, guru, sandra and picchila properties should be administered. The activities which would increase these dhatu should also be followed. Similarly other dhatu should also be either increased or decreased by the administration of similar and dissimilar substances respectively in appropriate time. Thus, the factors which increase or decrease all the dhatus have been described- some dhatu have been specifically described while for the rest of the dhatus, the same principles should be extended.

english translation

yatra tvevaMlakSaNena sAmAnyena sAmAnyavatAmAhAravikArANAmasAnnidhyaM syAt, sannihitAnAM vA'pyayuktatvAnnopayogo ghRNitvAdanyasmAdvA kAraNAt, sa ca dhAturabhivardhayitavyaH syAt, tasya ye samAnaguNAH syurAhAravikArA asevyAzca, tatrasamAnaguNabhUyiSThAnAmanyaprakRtInAmapyAhAravikArANAmupayogaH syAt| tadyathA- zukrakSaye kSIrasarpiSorupayogo madhurasnigdhazItasamAkhyAtAnAM cApareSAM dravyANAM, mUtrakSaye punarikSurasavAruNImaNDadravamadhurAmlalavaNopakledinAM, purISakSaye kulmASamASakuSkuNDAjamadhyayavazAkadhAnyAmlAnAM, vAtakSayekaTukatiktakaSAyarUkSalaghuzItAnAM, pittakSaye'mlalavaNakaTukakSAroSNatIkSNAnAM, zleSmakSaye snigdhagurumadhurasAndrapicchilAnAM dravyANAm| karmApi yadyasya dhAtorvRdhdikaraM tattadAsevyam| evamanyeSAmapi zarIradhAtUnAM sAmAnyaviparyayAbhyAM vRdhdihrAsau yathAkAlaM kAryau| iti sarvadhAtUnAmekaikazo'tidezatazca vRdhdihrAsakarANi vyAkhyAtAni bhavanti ||11||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sharira-sthana/6/12

कार्त्स्न्येन शरीरवृध्दिकरास्त्विमे भावा भवन्ति; तद्यथा- कालयोगः, स्वभावसंसिध्दि:, आहारसौष्ठवम्,अविघातश्चेति ||१२||

sanskrit

[Factors responsible for growth] Overall, the following factors are responsible for the growth of the body: 1. Favourable time (in terms of age and season): For example, youth is the proper time for the growth of an individual. 2. Natural tendencies: For example, favourable natural tendency for growth of an individual’s body (these factors may be unseen). 3. Observance of all rule of taking diet of good quality. 4. Absence of inhibiting factors for growth i.e. not indulging one in improper, less or excess utilization

english translation

kArtsnyena zarIravRdhdikarAstvime bhAvA bhavanti; tadyathA- kAlayogaH, svabhAvasaMsidhdi:, AhArasauSThavam,avighAtazceti ||12||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sharira-sthana/6/13

बलवृध्दिकरास्त्विमे भावा भवन्ति| तद्यथा- बलवत्पुरुषे देशे जन्म बलवत्पुरुषे काले च, सुखश्च कालयोगः, बीजक्षेत्रगुणसंपच्च, आहारसंपच्च, शरीरसंपच्च,सात्म्यसंपच्च, सत्त्वसंपच्च, स्वभावसंसिध्दिश्च, यौवनं च, कर्म च, संहर्षश्चेति ||१३||

sanskrit

[Factors responsible for strength] The following factors are responsible for enhancing strength: 1. Birth in a geographical region where people are naturally strong 2. Birth in a race of strong people 3. Birth at a time when people naturally gain strength 4. Favorable disposition of time 5. Excellence of beeja (sperm and ovum) and kshetra (uterus) qualities 6. Excellence of ingested food 7. Excellence of physique 8. Excellence of satmya (adaptability to various factors responsible for the maintenance of the body) 9. Excellence of mind qualities 10. Natural tendency 11. Youth 12. Exercise 13. Cheerful nature

english translation

balavRdhdikarAstvime bhAvA bhavanti| tadyathA- balavatpuruSe deze janma balavatpuruSe kAle ca, sukhazca kAlayogaH, bIjakSetraguNasaMpacca, AhArasaMpacca, zarIrasaMpacca,sAtmyasaMpacca, sattvasaMpacca, svabhAvasaMsidhdizca, yauvanaM ca, karma ca, saMharSazceti ||13||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sharira-sthana/6/14

आहारपरिणामकरास्त्विमे भावा भवन्ति| तद्यथा- ऊष्मा, वायुः, क्लेदः, स्नेहः, कालः, समयोगश्चेति ||१४||

sanskrit

[Factors responsible for transformation of food] Factors responsible for transformation (digestion, assimilation and metabolism) of food are ushma, vayu, kleda, sneha, kala (time required for digestion) and samayoga (appropriate administration).

english translation

AhArapariNAmakarAstvime bhAvA bhavanti| tadyathA- USmA, vAyuH, kledaH, snehaH, kAlaH, samayogazceti ||14||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sharira-sthana/6/15

तत्र तु खल्वेषामूष्मादीनामाहारपरिणामकराणां भावानामिमे कर्मविशेषा भवन्ति| तद्यथा- ऊष्मा पचति, वायुरपकर्षति, क्लेदः शैथिल्यमापादयति, स्नेहो मार्दवं जनयति, कालः पर्याप्तिमभिनिर्वर्तयति,समयोगस्त्वेषां परिणामधातुसाम्यकरः सम्पद्यते ||१५||

sanskrit

Factors that are responsible for transformation (digestion, assimilation and metabolism) of food (mentioned in the preceding verse), perform the following specific actions: 1. Ushma (in the form of pitta) digests the food 2. Vata transports the food for digestion 3. Kleda loosens the food particles 4. Sneha makes the ingredients softer 5. Kala indicates duration which is required to complete the digestion 6. Appropriate administration of food brings about equilibrium of dhatu.

english translation

tatra tu khalveSAmUSmAdInAmAhArapariNAmakarANAM bhAvAnAmime karmavizeSA bhavanti| tadyathA- USmA pacati, vAyurapakarSati, kledaH zaithilyamApAdayati, sneho mArdavaM janayati, kAlaH paryAptimabhinirvartayati,samayogastveSAM pariNAmadhAtusAmyakaraH sampadyate ||15||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sharira-sthana/6/11

यत्र त्वेवंलक्षणेन सामान्येन सामान्यवतामाहारविकाराणामसान्निध्यं स्यात्, सन्निहितानां वाऽप्ययुक्तत्वान्नोपयोगो घृणित्वादन्यस्माद्वा कारणात्, स च धातुरभिवर्धयितव्यः स्यात्, तस्य ये समानगुणाः स्युराहारविकारा असेव्याश्च, तत्रसमानगुणभूयिष्ठानामन्यप्रकृतीनामप्याहारविकाराणामुपयोगः स्यात्| तद्यथा- शुक्रक्षये क्षीरसर्पिषोरुपयोगो मधुरस्निग्धशीतसमाख्यातानां चापरेषां द्रव्याणां, मूत्रक्षये पुनरिक्षुरसवारुणीमण्डद्रवमधुराम्ललवणोपक्लेदिनां, पुरीषक्षये कुल्माषमाषकुष्कुण्डाजमध्ययवशाकधान्याम्लानां, वातक्षयेकटुकतिक्तकषायरूक्षलघुशीतानां, पित्तक्षयेऽम्ललवणकटुकक्षारोष्णतीक्ष्णानां, श्लेष्मक्षये स्निग्धगुरुमधुरसान्द्रपिच्छिलानां द्रव्याणाम्| कर्मापि यद्यस्य धातोर्वृध्दिकरं तत्तदासेव्यम्| एवमन्येषामपि शरीरधातूनां सामान्यविपर्ययाभ्यां वृध्दिह्रासौ यथाकालं कार्यौ| इति सर्वधातूनामेकैकशोऽतिदेशतश्च वृध्दिह्रासकराणि व्याख्यातानि भवन्ति ||११||

sanskrit

[Management of disequilibrium of body elements] If a particular dhatu is to be increased and the dietary articles with similar properties cannot be consumed because of their non-availability or even if available they cannot be used because of unsuitability, intolerable nature or any other cause, then food preparations of different nature having the predominance of the attributes of the dhatu (that needs to be enhanced) should be used. Here are some examples to illustrate this. When there is a deficiency of shukra, milk, ghee and other such substances known to be madhura (sweet), snigdha(unctuous), and sheeta(cold) should be administered. In case of diminution of mutra, sugarcane juice, varuni type of wine, manda (thin gruel), liquid food articles and substances having madhura, lavana,and amla tastes and sticky nature should be administered. For diminution of purisha (feces), kulmasha, masha, kuskund (mushrooms), ajamadhya (meat of abdomen and trunk of goat), yava, shaka (leafy vegetables), and dhanyamla (sour rice gruel) should be given. The diminution of vata should be treated with substances having katu, tikta, and kashaya tastes, and ruksha, laghu and sheeta properties. In case of diminution of pitta, substances having amla, lavana, katu tastes, and ushna and tikshna properties should be administered whereas for diminution of vata, substances having madhura taste, and snigdha, guru, sandra and picchila properties should be administered. The activities which would increase these dhatu should also be followed. Similarly other dhatu should also be either increased or decreased by the administration of similar and dissimilar substances respectively in appropriate time. Thus, the factors which increase or decrease all the dhatus have been described- some dhatu have been specifically described while for the rest of the dhatus, the same principles should be extended.

english translation

yatra tvevaMlakSaNena sAmAnyena sAmAnyavatAmAhAravikArANAmasAnnidhyaM syAt, sannihitAnAM vA'pyayuktatvAnnopayogo ghRNitvAdanyasmAdvA kAraNAt, sa ca dhAturabhivardhayitavyaH syAt, tasya ye samAnaguNAH syurAhAravikArA asevyAzca, tatrasamAnaguNabhUyiSThAnAmanyaprakRtInAmapyAhAravikArANAmupayogaH syAt| tadyathA- zukrakSaye kSIrasarpiSorupayogo madhurasnigdhazItasamAkhyAtAnAM cApareSAM dravyANAM, mUtrakSaye punarikSurasavAruNImaNDadravamadhurAmlalavaNopakledinAM, purISakSaye kulmASamASakuSkuNDAjamadhyayavazAkadhAnyAmlAnAM, vAtakSayekaTukatiktakaSAyarUkSalaghuzItAnAM, pittakSaye'mlalavaNakaTukakSAroSNatIkSNAnAM, zleSmakSaye snigdhagurumadhurasAndrapicchilAnAM dravyANAm| karmApi yadyasya dhAtorvRdhdikaraM tattadAsevyam| evamanyeSAmapi zarIradhAtUnAM sAmAnyaviparyayAbhyAM vRdhdihrAsau yathAkAlaM kAryau| iti sarvadhAtUnAmekaikazo'tidezatazca vRdhdihrAsakarANi vyAkhyAtAni bhavanti ||11||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sharira-sthana/6/12

कार्त्स्न्येन शरीरवृध्दिकरास्त्विमे भावा भवन्ति; तद्यथा- कालयोगः, स्वभावसंसिध्दि:, आहारसौष्ठवम्,अविघातश्चेति ||१२||

sanskrit

[Factors responsible for growth] Overall, the following factors are responsible for the growth of the body: 1. Favourable time (in terms of age and season): For example, youth is the proper time for the growth of an individual. 2. Natural tendencies: For example, favourable natural tendency for growth of an individual’s body (these factors may be unseen). 3. Observance of all rule of taking diet of good quality. 4. Absence of inhibiting factors for growth i.e. not indulging one in improper, less or excess utilization

english translation

kArtsnyena zarIravRdhdikarAstvime bhAvA bhavanti; tadyathA- kAlayogaH, svabhAvasaMsidhdi:, AhArasauSThavam,avighAtazceti ||12||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sharira-sthana/6/13

बलवृध्दिकरास्त्विमे भावा भवन्ति| तद्यथा- बलवत्पुरुषे देशे जन्म बलवत्पुरुषे काले च, सुखश्च कालयोगः, बीजक्षेत्रगुणसंपच्च, आहारसंपच्च, शरीरसंपच्च,सात्म्यसंपच्च, सत्त्वसंपच्च, स्वभावसंसिध्दिश्च, यौवनं च, कर्म च, संहर्षश्चेति ||१३||

sanskrit

[Factors responsible for strength] The following factors are responsible for enhancing strength: 1. Birth in a geographical region where people are naturally strong 2. Birth in a race of strong people 3. Birth at a time when people naturally gain strength 4. Favorable disposition of time 5. Excellence of beeja (sperm and ovum) and kshetra (uterus) qualities 6. Excellence of ingested food 7. Excellence of physique 8. Excellence of satmya (adaptability to various factors responsible for the maintenance of the body) 9. Excellence of mind qualities 10. Natural tendency 11. Youth 12. Exercise 13. Cheerful nature

english translation

balavRdhdikarAstvime bhAvA bhavanti| tadyathA- balavatpuruSe deze janma balavatpuruSe kAle ca, sukhazca kAlayogaH, bIjakSetraguNasaMpacca, AhArasaMpacca, zarIrasaMpacca,sAtmyasaMpacca, sattvasaMpacca, svabhAvasaMsidhdizca, yauvanaM ca, karma ca, saMharSazceti ||13||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sharira-sthana/6/14

आहारपरिणामकरास्त्विमे भावा भवन्ति| तद्यथा- ऊष्मा, वायुः, क्लेदः, स्नेहः, कालः, समयोगश्चेति ||१४||

sanskrit

[Factors responsible for transformation of food] Factors responsible for transformation (digestion, assimilation and metabolism) of food are ushma, vayu, kleda, sneha, kala (time required for digestion) and samayoga (appropriate administration).

english translation

AhArapariNAmakarAstvime bhAvA bhavanti| tadyathA- USmA, vAyuH, kledaH, snehaH, kAlaH, samayogazceti ||14||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sharira-sthana/6/15

तत्र तु खल्वेषामूष्मादीनामाहारपरिणामकराणां भावानामिमे कर्मविशेषा भवन्ति| तद्यथा- ऊष्मा पचति, वायुरपकर्षति, क्लेदः शैथिल्यमापादयति, स्नेहो मार्दवं जनयति, कालः पर्याप्तिमभिनिर्वर्तयति,समयोगस्त्वेषां परिणामधातुसाम्यकरः सम्पद्यते ||१५||

sanskrit

Factors that are responsible for transformation (digestion, assimilation and metabolism) of food (mentioned in the preceding verse), perform the following specific actions: 1. Ushma (in the form of pitta) digests the food 2. Vata transports the food for digestion 3. Kleda loosens the food particles 4. Sneha makes the ingredients softer 5. Kala indicates duration which is required to complete the digestion 6. Appropriate administration of food brings about equilibrium of dhatu.

english translation

tatra tu khalveSAmUSmAdInAmAhArapariNAmakarANAM bhAvAnAmime karmavizeSA bhavanti| tadyathA- USmA pacati, vAyurapakarSati, kledaH zaithilyamApAdayati, sneho mArdavaM janayati, kAlaH paryAptimabhinirvartayati,samayogastveSAM pariNAmadhAtusAmyakaraH sampadyate ||15||

hk transliteration