Charak Samhita

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अथातोवर्णस्वरीयमिन्द्रियंव्याख्यास्यामः ||१||

sanskrit

Now we shall expound the chapter "Varnasvariyam Indriyam" (Fatal signs in complexion and voice).

english translation

athAtovarNasvarIyamindriyaMvyAkhyAsyAmaH ||1||

hk transliteration

इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः ||२||

sanskrit

Thus said Lord Atreya. [Note: This chapter deals with normal and abnormal color, complexion and voice in a person which especially relies on two "indriya" –visual and auditory faculty.]

english translation

iti ha smAha bhagavAnAtreyaH ||2||

hk transliteration

इह खलु वर्णश्च स्वरश्च गन्धश्च रसश्च स्पर्शश्च चक्षुश्च श्रोत्रं च घ्राणं च रसनं च स्पर्शनं च सत्त्वं च भक्तिश्च शौचं च शीलंचाचारश्च स्मृतिश्चाकृतिश्च प्रकृतिश्च विकृतिश्च बलं च ग्लानिश्च मेधा च हर्षश्च रौक्ष्यं च स्नेहश्च तन्द्रा चारम्भश्च गौरवं चलाघवं च गुणाश्चाहारश्च विहारश्चाहारपरिणामश्चोपायश्चापायश्च व्याधिश्च व्याधिपूर्वरूपं च वेदनाश्चोपद्रवाश्च च्छाया चप्रतिच्छाया च स्वप्नदर्शनं च दूताधिकारश्च पथि चौत्पातिकं चातुरकुले भावावस्थान्तराणि च भेषजसंवृत्तिश्च भेषजविकारयुक्तिश्चेति परीक्ष्याणि प्रत्यक्षानुमानोपदेशैरायुषः प्रमाणावशेषं जिज्ञासमानेन भिषजा ||३||

sanskrit

[Factors for assessment of residual span of life] The following entities should be examined by the physician desiring to assess the residual span of life of the patient using direct observation, and inference such as: 1. Physical appearance (complexion, appearance of eyes, ears, nose, tongue, skin), including attributes perceived by the senses (voice, smell, taste, touch, etc.) 2. Behavioral traits (mood, upkeep, conduct, etc.) 3. Dietary habits and lifestyle (regimens, ability to digest, etc.) 4. Existing health conditions (signs of diseases, symptoms, complications, drug use, effect of medicines on illness and on the patient) Bad omens perceived by the physician on his way to patient's house, changed conditions of the patient's residence, signs and symptoms indicating the residual span of life may be evident on these factors. Hence physician should pay careful attention to each one of them and interpretation should be made based on his observations, knowledge and scriptural advice.

english translation

iha khalu varNazca svarazca gandhazca rasazca sparzazca cakSuzca zrotraM ca ghrANaM ca rasanaM ca sparzanaM ca sattvaM ca bhaktizca zaucaM ca zIlaMcAcArazca smRtizcAkRtizca prakRtizca vikRtizca balaM ca glAnizca medhA ca harSazca raukSyaM ca snehazca tandrA cArambhazca gauravaM calAghavaM ca guNAzcAhArazca vihArazcAhArapariNAmazcopAyazcApAyazca vyAdhizca vyAdhipUrvarUpaM ca vedanAzcopadravAzca cchAyA capraticchAyA ca svapnadarzanaM ca dUtAdhikArazca pathi cautpAtikaM cAturakule bhAvAvasthAntarANi ca bheSajasaMvRttizca bheSajavikArayuktizceti parIkSyANi pratyakSAnumAnopadezairAyuSaH pramANAvazeSaM jijJAsamAnena bhiSajA ||3||

hk transliteration

तत्र तु खल्वेषां परीक्ष्याणां कानिचित् पुरुषमनाश्रितानि, कानिचिच्च पुरुषसंश्रयाणि| तत्र यानि पुरुषमनाश्रितानि तान्युपदेशतो युक्तितश्च परीक्षेत, पुरुषसंश्रयाणि पुनः प्रकृतितोविकृतितश्च ||४||

sanskrit

Some of the signs and symptoms are not apparent in a patient but can be observed in the surrounding of the patient. These are evaluated by logic based on scriptural instructions and inference. The factors not observed in patients are often circumstantial like an informer who comes with news of patient and the good/bad omens seen by the physician. Those which can be seen in patients are examined by observing their constitution and morbid conditions. But all these factors should be assessed wisely in the quest for the life of the patient.

english translation

tatra tu khalveSAM parIkSyANAM kAnicit puruSamanAzritAni, kAnicicca puruSasaMzrayANi| tatra yAni puruSamanAzritAni tAnyupadezato yuktitazca parIkSeta, puruSasaMzrayANi punaH prakRtitovikRtitazca ||4||

hk transliteration

तत्रप्रकृतिर्जातिप्रसक्ताच,कुलप्रसक्ताच,देशानुपातिनीच, कालानुपातिनी च वयोऽनुपातिनीच,प्रत्यात्मनियताचेति| जातिकुलदेशकालवयःप्रत्यात्मनियता हि तेषां तेषां पुरुषाणां ते ते भावविशेषाभवन्ति ||५||

sanskrit

[Factors responsible for natural constitution] The natural constitution of a person depends upon Jati (origin as per social structure), Kula (race), Desha (place), Kala (time and season), Vaya (age), Pratyatmaniyata (individual habits and habitat). The different variations seen in persons are based upon their origin as per social structure, race, place of living, season, age and individual habits.

english translation

tatraprakRtirjAtiprasaktAca,kulaprasaktAca,dezAnupAtinIca, kAlAnupAtinI ca vayo'nupAtinIca,pratyAtmaniyatAceti| jAtikuladezakAlavayaHpratyAtmaniyatA hi teSAM teSAM puruSANAM te te bhAvavizeSAbhavanti ||5||

hk transliteration