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वर्णस्वरीयमिन्द्रियम्
Varnasvariyam Indriyam Adhyaya (Fatal signs in complexion and voice)
2.
पुष्पितकमिन्द्रियम्
Pushpitakam Indriyam Adhyaya (Fatal signs of Tactile and Olfactory perception)
3.
परिमर्शनीयमिन्द्रियम्
Parimarshaneeyam Indriyam Adhyaya (Palpable signs of Imminent Death)
4.
इन्द्रियानीकमिन्द्रियम्
Indriyaneekam Indriyam Adhyaya (Fatal signs in five sense organs)
5.
पूर्वरूपीयमिन्द्रियम्
Purvarupeeyam Indriyam Adhyaya (Predicting prognosis of diseases by prodromal symptoms)
6.
कतमानिशरीरीयमिन्द्रियम्
Katamanisharireeyam Indriyam Adhyaya (Specific fatal clinical features)
7.
पन्नरूपीयमिन्द्रियम्
Pannarupiyam Indriyam Adhyaya (Fatal signs of changes in shadows, complexion, and luster)
8.
अवाक्शिरसीयमिन्द्रियम्
Avakshiraseeyam Indriyam Adhyaya (Fatal signs like inverted shadow of dying person)
9.
यस्यश्यावनिमित्तीयमिन्द्रियम्
Yasyashyavanimittiyam Indriyam Adhyaya (Signs and Symptoms useful for Palliative Care among Patients approaching Death)
10.
सद्योमरणीयमिन्द्रियम्
Sadyomaraneeyam Indriyam Adhyaya (Signs of instant death and incurable complications of several diseases)
11.
अणुज्योतीयमिन्द्रियम्
Anujyotiyam Indriyam Adhyaya (Signs and Symptoms of Imminent Death caused due to diminution of Agni)
12.
गोमयचूर्णीयमिन्द्रियम्
Gomayachurniyam Indriyam Adhyaya (Auspicious and Inauspicious Characteristics of the messenger)
Progress:1.6%
विकृतिःपुनर्लक्षणनिमित्ताच,लक्ष्यनिमित्ताच,निमित्तानुरूपाच ||६||
sanskrit
[Types of pathological abnormalities] The pathological conditions are classified as: 1. Lakshana nimitta: pathological appearance based on symptoms 2. Lakshya nimitta : Diseases based upon etiological factors 3. Nimittanurupa: This type of pathology is based on signs resembling with etiological factors.
english translation
vikRtiHpunarlakSaNanimittAca,lakSyanimittAca,nimittAnurUpAca ||6||
hk transliteration
तत्र लक्षणनिमित्ता नाम सा यस्याः शरीरे लक्षणान्येव हेतुभूतानि भवन्ति दैवात्; लक्षणानि हि कानिचिच्छरीरोपनिबद्धानि भवन्ति, यानि हि तस्मिंस्तस्मिन् काले तत्राधिष्ठानमासाद्य तां तां विकृतिमुत्पादयन्ति| लक्ष्यनिमित्ता तु सा यस्या उपलभ्यते निमित्तं यथोक्तं निदानेषु| निमित्तानुरूपा तु निमित्तार्थानुकारिणी या, तामनिमित्तां निमित्तमायुषः प्रमाणज्ञानस्येच्छन्ति भिषजो भूयश्चायुषः क्षयनिमित्तां प्रेतेलिङ्गानुरूपां, यामायुषोऽन्तर्गतस्य ज्ञानार्थमुपदिशन्ति धीराः| यां चाधिकृत्य पुरुषसंश्रयाणि मुमूर्षतां लक्षणान्युपदेक्ष्यामः| इत्युद्देशः| तं विस्तरेणानुव्याख्यास्यामः ||७||
sanskrit
[Symptom based abnormalities] The first type of pathological conditions are based on symptoms, whose causative factors are pre-determined by destiny in the form of physiognomic signs. Some of these signs may be latent in the body, and appear at particular time in particular parts of body giving rise to particular related morbid conditions. [Etiopathogenesis based abnormalities] The second type of pathological conditions are based on etiological factors which appear as per the etiopathogenesis described (in Nidana Sthana section). [Cause based abnormalities] The third type of pathological conditions is based upon the factors that resemble etiological factors, but in fact, they are not etiological factors in nature. It appear without any apparent cause and indicate the measure of the life-span particularly the signs of imminent death due to decadence of life. The physicians pay due importance to this for the knowledge of life (and death). Based on this, I will explain the signs observed in the person which indicate his imminent death. This is the summary. We shall explain this in detail.
english translation
tatra lakSaNanimittA nAma sA yasyAH zarIre lakSaNAnyeva hetubhUtAni bhavanti daivAt; lakSaNAni hi kAniciccharIropanibaddhAni bhavanti, yAni hi tasmiMstasmin kAle tatrAdhiSThAnamAsAdya tAM tAM vikRtimutpAdayanti| lakSyanimittA tu sA yasyA upalabhyate nimittaM yathoktaM nidAneSu| nimittAnurUpA tu nimittArthAnukAriNI yA, tAmanimittAM nimittamAyuSaH pramANajJAnasyecchanti bhiSajo bhUyazcAyuSaH kSayanimittAM preteliGgAnurUpAM, yAmAyuSo'ntargatasya jJAnArthamupadizanti dhIrAH| yAM cAdhikRtya puruSasaMzrayANi mumUrSatAM lakSaNAnyupadekSyAmaH| ityuddezaH| taM vistareNAnuvyAkhyAsyAmaH ||7||
hk transliteration
तत्रादितएववर्णाधिकारः| तद्यथा- कृष्णः, श्यामः, श्यामावदातः, अवदातश्चेति प्रकृतिवर्णाः शरीरस्य भवन्ति; यांश्चापरानुपेक्षमाणो विद्यादनूकतोऽन्यथा वाऽपि निर्दिश्यमानांस्तज्ज्ञैः ||८||
sanskrit
[Normal complexion] There are four types of natural complexion – black, dark (blue or brown), dark-fair (blue or brown), fair white, There may some more complexions with combinations of such colors.
english translation
tatrAditaevavarNAdhikAraH| tadyathA- kRSNaH, zyAmaH, zyAmAvadAtaH, avadAtazceti prakRtivarNAH zarIrasya bhavanti; yAMzcAparAnupekSamANo vidyAdanUkato'nyathA vA'pi nirdizyamAnAMstajjJaiH ||8||
hk transliteration
नीलश्यावताम्रहरितशुक्लाश्च वर्णाः शरीरस्य वैकारिका भवन्ति; यांश्चापरानुपेक्षमाणो विद्यात्प्राग्विकृतानभूत्वोत्पन्नान् | इति प्रकृतिविकृतिवर्णा भवन्त्युक्ताः शरीरस्य| तत्र प्रकृतिवर्णमर्धशरीरे विकृतिवर्णमर्धशरीरे, द्वावपि वर्णौ मर्यादाविभक्तौ दृष्ट्वा; यद्येवं सव्यदक्षिणविभागेन, यद्येवंपूर्वपश्चिमविभागेन, यद्युत्तराधरविभागेन, यद्यन्तर्बहिर्विभागेन, आतुरस्यारिष्टमिति विद्यात्; एवमेव वर्णभेदोमुखेऽप्यन्यत्र वर्तमानो मरणाय भवति ||९||
sanskrit
[Abnormal complexion] The unnatural or pathological complexions include blue, blackish, coppery, green and snow white. Similarly, there are some other unnatural types of complexion which appear suddenly for unknown reason. These are the normal and abnormal complexions of body. Normal complexion in one half of the body and abnormal complexion in the other half and both are demarcated clearly by a line, same abnormality on left and right side of body, front and back side of body, upper and lower or internal and external parts of the body is considered arishta (near to death signs). Such demarcation abnormality on face and other parts too indicates death.
english translation
nIlazyAvatAmraharitazuklAzca varNAH zarIrasya vaikArikA bhavanti; yAMzcAparAnupekSamANo vidyAtprAgvikRtAnabhUtvotpannAn | iti prakRtivikRtivarNA bhavantyuktAH zarIrasya| tatra prakRtivarNamardhazarIre vikRtivarNamardhazarIre, dvAvapi varNau maryAdAvibhaktau dRSTvA; yadyevaM savyadakSiNavibhAgena, yadyevaMpUrvapazcimavibhAgena, yadyuttarAdharavibhAgena, yadyantarbahirvibhAgena, AturasyAriSTamiti vidyAt; evameva varNabhedomukhe'pyanyatra vartamAno maraNAya bhavati ||9||
hk transliteration
वर्णभेदेन ग्लानिहर्षरौक्ष्यस्नेहा व्याख्याताः ||१०||
sanskrit
On the same line of differentiation of complexion, malaise and cheerfulness, roughness and unctuousness are described.
english translation
varNabhedena glAniharSaraukSyasnehA vyAkhyAtAH ||10||
hk transliteration
Charak Samhita
Progress:1.6%
विकृतिःपुनर्लक्षणनिमित्ताच,लक्ष्यनिमित्ताच,निमित्तानुरूपाच ||६||
sanskrit
[Types of pathological abnormalities] The pathological conditions are classified as: 1. Lakshana nimitta: pathological appearance based on symptoms 2. Lakshya nimitta : Diseases based upon etiological factors 3. Nimittanurupa: This type of pathology is based on signs resembling with etiological factors.
english translation
vikRtiHpunarlakSaNanimittAca,lakSyanimittAca,nimittAnurUpAca ||6||
hk transliteration
तत्र लक्षणनिमित्ता नाम सा यस्याः शरीरे लक्षणान्येव हेतुभूतानि भवन्ति दैवात्; लक्षणानि हि कानिचिच्छरीरोपनिबद्धानि भवन्ति, यानि हि तस्मिंस्तस्मिन् काले तत्राधिष्ठानमासाद्य तां तां विकृतिमुत्पादयन्ति| लक्ष्यनिमित्ता तु सा यस्या उपलभ्यते निमित्तं यथोक्तं निदानेषु| निमित्तानुरूपा तु निमित्तार्थानुकारिणी या, तामनिमित्तां निमित्तमायुषः प्रमाणज्ञानस्येच्छन्ति भिषजो भूयश्चायुषः क्षयनिमित्तां प्रेतेलिङ्गानुरूपां, यामायुषोऽन्तर्गतस्य ज्ञानार्थमुपदिशन्ति धीराः| यां चाधिकृत्य पुरुषसंश्रयाणि मुमूर्षतां लक्षणान्युपदेक्ष्यामः| इत्युद्देशः| तं विस्तरेणानुव्याख्यास्यामः ||७||
sanskrit
[Symptom based abnormalities] The first type of pathological conditions are based on symptoms, whose causative factors are pre-determined by destiny in the form of physiognomic signs. Some of these signs may be latent in the body, and appear at particular time in particular parts of body giving rise to particular related morbid conditions. [Etiopathogenesis based abnormalities] The second type of pathological conditions are based on etiological factors which appear as per the etiopathogenesis described (in Nidana Sthana section). [Cause based abnormalities] The third type of pathological conditions is based upon the factors that resemble etiological factors, but in fact, they are not etiological factors in nature. It appear without any apparent cause and indicate the measure of the life-span particularly the signs of imminent death due to decadence of life. The physicians pay due importance to this for the knowledge of life (and death). Based on this, I will explain the signs observed in the person which indicate his imminent death. This is the summary. We shall explain this in detail.
english translation
tatra lakSaNanimittA nAma sA yasyAH zarIre lakSaNAnyeva hetubhUtAni bhavanti daivAt; lakSaNAni hi kAniciccharIropanibaddhAni bhavanti, yAni hi tasmiMstasmin kAle tatrAdhiSThAnamAsAdya tAM tAM vikRtimutpAdayanti| lakSyanimittA tu sA yasyA upalabhyate nimittaM yathoktaM nidAneSu| nimittAnurUpA tu nimittArthAnukAriNI yA, tAmanimittAM nimittamAyuSaH pramANajJAnasyecchanti bhiSajo bhUyazcAyuSaH kSayanimittAM preteliGgAnurUpAM, yAmAyuSo'ntargatasya jJAnArthamupadizanti dhIrAH| yAM cAdhikRtya puruSasaMzrayANi mumUrSatAM lakSaNAnyupadekSyAmaH| ityuddezaH| taM vistareNAnuvyAkhyAsyAmaH ||7||
hk transliteration
तत्रादितएववर्णाधिकारः| तद्यथा- कृष्णः, श्यामः, श्यामावदातः, अवदातश्चेति प्रकृतिवर्णाः शरीरस्य भवन्ति; यांश्चापरानुपेक्षमाणो विद्यादनूकतोऽन्यथा वाऽपि निर्दिश्यमानांस्तज्ज्ञैः ||८||
sanskrit
[Normal complexion] There are four types of natural complexion – black, dark (blue or brown), dark-fair (blue or brown), fair white, There may some more complexions with combinations of such colors.
english translation
tatrAditaevavarNAdhikAraH| tadyathA- kRSNaH, zyAmaH, zyAmAvadAtaH, avadAtazceti prakRtivarNAH zarIrasya bhavanti; yAMzcAparAnupekSamANo vidyAdanUkato'nyathA vA'pi nirdizyamAnAMstajjJaiH ||8||
hk transliteration
नीलश्यावताम्रहरितशुक्लाश्च वर्णाः शरीरस्य वैकारिका भवन्ति; यांश्चापरानुपेक्षमाणो विद्यात्प्राग्विकृतानभूत्वोत्पन्नान् | इति प्रकृतिविकृतिवर्णा भवन्त्युक्ताः शरीरस्य| तत्र प्रकृतिवर्णमर्धशरीरे विकृतिवर्णमर्धशरीरे, द्वावपि वर्णौ मर्यादाविभक्तौ दृष्ट्वा; यद्येवं सव्यदक्षिणविभागेन, यद्येवंपूर्वपश्चिमविभागेन, यद्युत्तराधरविभागेन, यद्यन्तर्बहिर्विभागेन, आतुरस्यारिष्टमिति विद्यात्; एवमेव वर्णभेदोमुखेऽप्यन्यत्र वर्तमानो मरणाय भवति ||९||
sanskrit
[Abnormal complexion] The unnatural or pathological complexions include blue, blackish, coppery, green and snow white. Similarly, there are some other unnatural types of complexion which appear suddenly for unknown reason. These are the normal and abnormal complexions of body. Normal complexion in one half of the body and abnormal complexion in the other half and both are demarcated clearly by a line, same abnormality on left and right side of body, front and back side of body, upper and lower or internal and external parts of the body is considered arishta (near to death signs). Such demarcation abnormality on face and other parts too indicates death.
english translation
nIlazyAvatAmraharitazuklAzca varNAH zarIrasya vaikArikA bhavanti; yAMzcAparAnupekSamANo vidyAtprAgvikRtAnabhUtvotpannAn | iti prakRtivikRtivarNA bhavantyuktAH zarIrasya| tatra prakRtivarNamardhazarIre vikRtivarNamardhazarIre, dvAvapi varNau maryAdAvibhaktau dRSTvA; yadyevaM savyadakSiNavibhAgena, yadyevaMpUrvapazcimavibhAgena, yadyuttarAdharavibhAgena, yadyantarbahirvibhAgena, AturasyAriSTamiti vidyAt; evameva varNabhedomukhe'pyanyatra vartamAno maraNAya bhavati ||9||
hk transliteration
वर्णभेदेन ग्लानिहर्षरौक्ष्यस्नेहा व्याख्याताः ||१०||
sanskrit
On the same line of differentiation of complexion, malaise and cheerfulness, roughness and unctuousness are described.
english translation
varNabhedena glAniharSaraukSyasnehA vyAkhyAtAH ||10||
hk transliteration