(chapter 3 of Sarirasthana) are also Grahani Dosha (disorders of the duodenum); the Samagni (normal digestive agency) only is the cause for health. Ashta Maharogas: Eight great diseases : Vatavyadhi (nervous disease), Ashmari (urinary calculus), Kustha (leprosy), Meha (diabetes) udara (enlargement of the abdomen), Bhagandara (fistula-in-ano), Arshas (piles, haemorrhoids) and Grahani (duodenal disease) these eight Maharogas (great diseases) are difficult to treat.