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शक्तिमत्तराश् च पौरा जानपदेभ्यो नित्याश् च आपदि सहाया राज्ञः ॥
they are a stronger power than the citizens or country people; and they are a powerful defensive instrument in times of danger for the king.
english translation
जानपदास् त्व् अमित्र साधारणाः" इति ॥
As to the people, they are common both to the king and his enemy.
english translation
न इति कौटिल्यः ॥
No, says Kautilya.
english translation
जन पद मूला दुर्ग कोश दण्ड सेतु वार्त्ता आरम्भाः ॥
for forts, finance, and the army depend upon the people; likewise buildings, trade, agricu1ture, cattle-rearing, bravery, stability, power, and abundance (of things).
english translation
शौर्यं स्थैर्यं दाक्ष्यं बाहुल्यं च जानपदेषु ॥
In countries inhabited by people, there are mountains and islands (as natural forts); in the absence of an expansive country, forts are resorted to.
english translation