Arthashastra

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तेषाम् अभावो जन पद अभावे, स्वाम्य् अमात्ययोश् च अनन्तरः" इति ॥

There will be no such things in the absence of people, next to the king and his minister.

english translation

teSAm abhAvo jana pada abhAve, svAmy amAtyayoz ca anantaraH" iti ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript

न इति कौटिल्यः ॥

No, says Kautilya.

english translation

अमात्य मूलाः सर्व आरम्भाः जन पदस्य कर्म सिद्धयः स्वतः परतश् च योग क्षेम साधनं व्यसन प्रतीकारः शून्य निवेश उपचयौ दण्ड कर अनुग्रहश् च इति ॥

all activities proceed from the minister, activities such as the successful accomplishment of the works of the people, security of person and property from internal and external enemies, remedial measures against calamities, colonization and improvement of wild tracts of land, recruiting the army, collection of revenue, and bestowal of favour.

english translation

amAtya mUlAH sarva ArambhAH jana padasya karma siddhayaH svataH parataz ca yoga kSema sAdhanaM vyasana pratIkAraH zUnya niveza upacayau daNDa kara anugrahaz ca iti ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript

"जन पद दुर्ग व्यसनयोर् दुर्ग व्यसनम्" इति पाराशराः ॥

The school of Parásara say that of the distress of the people and distress due to bad fortifications, the latter is a more serious evil.

english translation

"jana pada durga vyasanayor durga vyasanam" iti pArAzarAH ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript

"दुर्गे हि कोश दण्ड उत्पत्तिर् आपदि स्थानं च जन पदस्य ॥

for it is in fortified towns that the treasury and the army are secured; they (fortified towns) are a secure place for the people.

english translation

"durge hi koza daNDa utpattir Apadi sthAnaM ca jana padasya ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript