Arthashastra

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व्यसन यौगपद्ये सौकर्यतो यातव्यं रक्षितव्यं वा इति व्यसन चिन्ता ॥

WHEN calamities happen together, the form of consideration should be whether it is easier to take an offensive or defensive attitude.

english translation

vyasana yaugapadye saukaryato yAtavyaM rakSitavyaM vA iti vyasana cintA ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript

दैवं मानुषं वा प्रकृति व्यसनम् अनय अपनयाभ्यां सम्भवति ॥

National calamities, coming from Providence or from man happen from one's misfortune or bad policy.

english translation

daivaM mAnuSaM vA prakRti vyasanam anaya apanayAbhyAM sambhavati ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript

गुण प्रातिलोम्यम् अभावः प्रदोषः प्रसङ्गः पीडा वा व्यसनम् ॥

The word vyasana (vices or calamities), means the reverse or absence of virtue, the preponderance of vices, and occasional troubles.

english translation

guNa prAtilomyam abhAvaH pradoSaH prasaGgaH pIDA vA vyasanam ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript

व्यस्यत्य् एनं श्रेयस इति व्यसनम् ॥

That which deprives (vyasyati) a person of his happiness is termed vyasana (vices or calamities).

english translation

vyasyaty enaM zreyasa iti vyasanam ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript

"स्वाम्य् अमात्य जन पद दुर्ग कोश दण्ड मित्र व्यसनानां पूर्वं पूर्वं गरीयः" इत्य् आचार्याः ॥

My teacher says that of the calamities, viz., the king in distress, the minister in distress, the people in distress, distress due to bad fortifications, financial distress, the army in distress, and an ally in distress,--that which is first mentioned is more serious than the one, coming later in the order of enumeration.

english translation

"svAmy amAtya jana pada durga koza daNDa mitra vyasanAnAM pUrvaM pUrvaM garIyaH" ity AcAryAH ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript