Sushruta Samhita

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रसगुणानत ऊर्ध्वं वक्ष्यामः- तत्र, मधुरो रसो रसरक्तमांसमेदोऽस्थिमज्जौजःशुक्रस्तन्यवर्धनश्चक्षुष्यः केश्यो वर्ण्यो बलकृत्सन्धानः शोणितरसप्रसादनो बालवृद्धक्षतक्षीणहितः षट्पदपिपीलिकानामिष्टतमस्तृष्णामूर्च्छादाहप्रशमनः षडिन्द्रियप्रसादनः कृमिकफकरश्चेति; स एवङ्गुणोऽप्येक एवात्यर्थमासेव्यमानः कासश्वासालसकवमथुवदनमाधुर्यस्वरोपघातकृमिगलगण्डानापादयति तथाऽर्बुदश्लीपदबस्तिगुदोपलेपाभिष्यन्दप्रभृतीञ्जनयति(१) | अम्लो जरणः पाचनो दीपनः पवननिग्रहणोऽनुलोमनः कोष्ठविदाही बहिःशीतः [६] क्लेदनः प्रायशो ह्यद्यश्चेति; स एवङ्गुणोऽप्येक एवात्यर्थमुपसेव्यमानो दन्तहर्षनयनसम्मीलनरोमसंवेजनकफविलयनशरीरशैथिल्यान्यापादयति, तथा क्षताभिहतदग्धदष्टभग्नरुग्णशूनप्रच्युतावमूत्रितविसर्पितच्छिन्नभिन्नविद्धोत्पिष्टादीनि पाचयत्याग्नेयस्वभावात् परिदहति कण्ठमुरो हृदयं चेति(२) | लवणः संशोधनः पाचनो विश्लेषणः क्लेदनः शैथिल्यकृदुष्णः सर्वरसप्रत्यनीको मार्गविशोधनः सर्वशरीरावयवमार्दवकरश्चेति; स एवङ्गुणोऽप्येक एवात्यर्थमासेव्यमानो गात्रकण्डूकोठशोफवैवर्ण्यपुंस्त्वोपघातेन्द्रियोपतापमुखाक्षिपाकरक्तपित्तवातशोणिताम्लीकाप्रभृतीनापादयति(३) | कटुको दीपनः पाचनो रोचनः शोधनः स्थौल्यालस्यकफकृमिविषकुष्ठकण्डूप्रशमनः सन्धिबन्धविच्छेदनोऽवसादनः स्तन्यशुक्रमेदसामुपहन्ता चेति; स एवङ्गुणोऽप्येक एवात्यर्थमुपसेव्यमानो भ्रममदगलताल्वोष्ठशोषदाहसन्तापबलविघातकम्पतोदभेदकृत् करचरणपार्श्वपृष्ठप्रभृतिषु च वातशूलानापादयति(४) | तिक्तश्छेदनो रोचनो दीपनः शोधनः कण्डूकोठतृष्णामूर्च्छाज्वरप्रशमनः स्तन्यशोधनो विण्मूत्रक्लेदमेदोवसापूयोपशोषणश्चेति; स एवङ्गुणोऽप्येक एवात्यर्थमुपसेव्यमानो गात्रमन्यास्तम्भाक्षेपकार्दितशिरःशूलभ्रमतोदभेदच्छेदास्यवैरस्यान्यापादयति(५) | कषायः सङ्ग्राहको रोपणः स्तम्भनः शोधनो लेखनः शोषणः पीडनः क्लेदोपशोषणश्चेति; स एवङ्गुणोऽप्येक एवात्यर्थमुपसेव्यमानो हृत्पीडास्यशोषोदराध्मानवाक्यग्रहमन्यास्तम्भ- गात्रस्फुरणचुमुचुमायनाकुञ्चनाक्षेपणप्रभृतीञ्जनयति ||१०||

sanskrit

Now, I will describe the qualities of the tastes. The Madhura (sweet) taste increases the body’s fluids, tissues, and reproductive substances like blood, fat, bone marrow, semen, and milk. It nourishes, strengthens, and rejuvenates the body, improves vitality, and is beneficial for children and the elderly. It alleviates thirst, faintness, fever, and enhances the body's vitality. When excessively used, it can cause cough, asthma, laziness, and chronic diseases like tumors and ulcers. The Amla (sour) taste aids digestion, stimulates appetite, and balances the digestive fire. It alleviates indigestion, aids in digestion, and balances the air (Vata) and digestive fire (Agni). It also alleviates excess bile and cold, and induces perspiration. When used excessively, it causes dental pleasure, eye irritation, and skin rashes, and can lead to respiratory issues and other conditions related to fire imbalance. The Lavana (salty) taste is purifying, promotes digestion, and relieves thirst. It balances all tastes, promotes fluid retention, and softens the body. Excessive use can cause itching, swelling, and discoloration, and may lead to imbalances in bodily fluids and other disturbances. The Katuka (bitter) taste stimulates digestion, promotes appetite, and cleanses the body. It alleviates heaviness, lethargy, and various ailments. Excessive use can lead to dryness, discomfort, and other disturbances in the body, such as joint pain and skin conditions. The Tikta (bitter) taste cleanses the body, promotes appetite, and alleviates thirst. It has a drying effect and balances various bodily fluids. Excessive use may cause discomfort, irritability, and other issues like headaches and body stiffness. The Kashaya (astringent) taste is drying, binding, and reduces excess fluids. It strengthens the body, alleviates pain, and improves overall stability. Excessive use can lead to various issues like dryness, stiffness, and discomfort in the body.

english translation

hindi translation

rasaguNAnata UrdhvaM vakSyAmaH- tatra, madhuro raso rasaraktamAMsamedo'sthimajjaujaHzukrastanyavardhanazcakSuSyaH kezyo varNyo balakRtsandhAnaH zoNitarasaprasAdano bAlavRddhakSatakSINahitaH SaTpadapipIlikAnAmiSTatamastRSNAmUrcchAdAhaprazamanaH SaDindriyaprasAdanaH kRmikaphakarazceti; sa evaGguNo'pyeka evAtyarthamAsevyamAnaH kAsazvAsAlasakavamathuvadanamAdhuryasvaropaghAtakRmigalagaNDAnApAdayati tathA'rbudazlIpadabastigudopalepAbhiSyandaprabhRtIJjanayati(1) | amlo jaraNaH pAcano dIpanaH pavananigrahaNo'nulomanaH koSThavidAhI bahiHzItaH [6] kledanaH prAyazo hyadyazceti; sa evaGguNo'pyeka evAtyarthamupasevyamAno dantaharSanayanasammIlanaromasaMvejanakaphavilayanazarIrazaithilyAnyApAdayati, tathA kSatAbhihatadagdhadaSTabhagnarugNazUnapracyutAvamUtritavisarpitacchinnabhinnaviddhotpiSTAdIni pAcayatyAgneyasvabhAvAt paridahati kaNThamuro hRdayaM ceti(2) | lavaNaH saMzodhanaH pAcano vizleSaNaH kledanaH zaithilyakRduSNaH sarvarasapratyanIko mArgavizodhanaH sarvazarIrAvayavamArdavakarazceti; sa evaGguNo'pyeka evAtyarthamAsevyamAno gAtrakaNDUkoThazophavaivarNyapuMstvopaghAtendriyopatApamukhAkSipAkaraktapittavAtazoNitAmlIkAprabhRtInApAdayati(3) | kaTuko dIpanaH pAcano rocanaH zodhanaH sthaulyAlasyakaphakRmiviSakuSThakaNDUprazamanaH sandhibandhavicchedano'vasAdanaH stanyazukramedasAmupahantA ceti; sa evaGguNo'pyeka evAtyarthamupasevyamAno bhramamadagalatAlvoSThazoSadAhasantApabalavighAtakampatodabhedakRt karacaraNapArzvapRSThaprabhRtiSu ca vAtazUlAnApAdayati(4) | tiktazchedano rocano dIpanaH zodhanaH kaNDUkoThatRSNAmUrcchAjvaraprazamanaH stanyazodhano viNmUtrakledamedovasApUyopazoSaNazceti; sa evaGguNo'pyeka evAtyarthamupasevyamAno gAtramanyAstambhAkSepakArditaziraHzUlabhramatodabhedacchedAsyavairasyAnyApAdayati(5) | kaSAyaH saGgrAhako ropaNaH stambhanaH zodhano lekhanaH zoSaNaH pIDanaH kledopazoSaNazceti; sa evaGguNo'pyeka evAtyarthamupasevyamAno hRtpIDAsyazoSodarAdhmAnavAkyagrahamanyAstambha- gAtrasphuraNacumucumAyanAkuJcanAkSepaNaprabhRtIJjanayati ||10||

hk transliteration

Chapter 42

Verse 11