Natyashastra
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ब्रुवाद्यदवकृष्टं स्यात्सोऽर्धपाणिः प्रकीर्तितः । लयस्योपरि यद्वाद्यं पाणिः स उपकीर्त्यते ॥ ३३६॥
When the sound is produced by drawing the hand downward, it is called Ardhapāṇi (the half beat). When the hand strikes above the rhythm, that is known as Uparipāṇi (the upper beat).
english translation
bruvAdyadavakRSTaM syAtso'rdhapANiH prakIrtitaH । layasyopari yadvAdyaM pANiH sa upakIrtyate ॥ 336॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptततः स्थितलयो यो वै सन्निपातो विधीयते । स तु मध्यलयप्राप्य सन्निपातद्वयं भवेत् ॥ ३३७॥
Then, when the tempo becomes steady, the combination of beats known as Sannipāta is performed. It occurs in the middle tempo and consists of two Sannipātas (combinations or convergences of beats).
english translation
tataH sthitalayo yo vai sannipAto vidhIyate । sa tu madhyalayaprApya sannipAtadvayaM bhavet ॥ 337॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptरुतं चापि लयं प्राप्य सन्निपातचतुष्टयम् । यावत्तत्रान्तरकृता द्रुतमध्यलयो हि सः ॥ ३३८॥
When the rhythm attains its tempo (laya), there arise four kinds of Sannipāta (combinations of beats). The variations within them produce the fast (druta) and medium (madhya) tempos.
english translation
rutaM cApi layaM prApya sannipAtacatuSTayam । yAvattatrAntarakRtA drutamadhyalayo hi saH ॥ 338॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptसोऽर्धपाणिस्तु विज्ञेयास्त्वन्यैर्द्रुतलयाश्रयाः । अत ऊर्ध्वं प्रमाणं तु कलानां न विधीयते ॥ ३३९॥ इति भारतीये नाट्यशास्त्रे तालविधानो नामाध्याय एकत्रिंशः ।
That which is struck with a half-hand is to be known as ardhapāṇi, while the others belong to the fast tempo (drutalaya). Beyond this, the measure of kalās (time units) is not further prescribed. Thus ends the thirty-first chapter of the Bharatiya Natyashastra, entitled The Chapter on Tāla (Time-Measure).
english translation
so'rdhapANistu vijJeyAstvanyairdrutalayAzrayAH । ata UrdhvaM pramANaM tu kalAnAM na vidhIyate ॥ 339॥ iti bhAratIye nATyazAstre tAlavidhAno nAmAdhyAya ekatriMzaH ।
hk transliteration by Sanscript