Brihat Samhita
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नित्यं अधःस्थस्यैन्दोर्भाभिर्भानोः सितं भवत्यर्धम् । स्वच्छाययाअन्यदसितं कुम्भस्यैवऽतपस्थस्य ॥ ४-०१ ॥
The moon (candra) is always below (nearer to the Earth than) the sun. It is spherical in shape. One half of it is always illumined by the light of the sun, while the other half is dark owing to its own shadow, just like a pot placed in the sun.
english translation
nityaM adhaHsthasyaindorbhAbhirbhAnoH sitaM bhavatyardham । svacchAyayAanyadasitaM kumbhasyaiva'tapasthasya ॥ 4-01 ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptसलिलमये शशिनि रवेर्दीधितयो मूर्छितास्तमो नैशम् । क्षपयन्ति दर्पणौदर निहिता इव मन्दिरस्यान्तः ॥ ४-०२ ॥
The rays of the sun falling on the watery moon remove the darkness of the night (on Earth) just in the same way as light reflected from a mirror (placed in the sun) removes the darkness (from) within a room.
english translation
salilamaye zazini raverdIdhitayo mUrchitAstamo naizam । kSapayanti darpaNaudara nihitA iva mandirasyAntaH ॥ 4-02 ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptत्यजतो अर्कतलं शशिनः पश्चादवलम्बते यथा शौक्ल्यम् । दिनकरवशात्तथाइन्दोः प्रकाशते अधः प्रभृत्युदयः ॥ ४-०३ ॥
The moon after quitting the place (direction) of the sun becomes illumined by the sun from below and she then also rises after the sun.
english translation
tyajato arkatalaM zazinaH pazcAdavalambate yathA zauklyam । dinakaravazAttathAindoH prakAzate adhaH prabhRtyudayaH ॥ 4-03 ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptप्रतिदिवसं एवं अर्कात्स्थानविशेषेण शौक्ल्यपरिवृद्धिः । भवति शशिनो अपराह्णे पश्चाद्भागे घटस्यैव ॥४-०४ ॥
Thus the lunar disc appears more and more illumined day by day by the sun according to her change of place, just in the same way as the western half of a pot becomes gradually illumined by the sun in the afternoon.
english translation
pratidivasaM evaM arkAtsthAnavizeSeNa zauklyaparivRddhiH । bhavati zazino aparAhNe pazcAdbhAge ghaTasyaiva ॥4-04 ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptऐन्द्रस्य शीतकिरणो मूलऽषाढाद्वयस्य चऽयातः । याम्येन वीज लचरकाननहा वह्निभयदश्च ॥ ४-०५ ॥
If the moon should pass to the south of Jyeṣṭha (the 18th constellation), Mūla (the 19th constellation) and the two Āṣāḍhas (20th and 21st constellations) she destroys seeds, creatures in water and forests; and there will also be fear from fire.
english translation
aindrasya zItakiraNo mUla'SADhAdvayasya ca'yAtaH । yAmyena vIja lacarakAnanahA vahnibhayadazca ॥ 4-05 ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscript