Arthashastra
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पृथिव्या लाभे पालने च यावन्त्य् अर्थशास्त्राणि पूर्वआचार्यैः प्रस्थापितानि प्रायशस् तानि संहृत्य एकम् इदम् अर्थशास्त्रं कृतम् ॥
This Arthaśāstra is made as a compendium of almost all the Arthaśāstras, which, in view of acquisition and maintenance of the earth, have been composed by ancient teachers.
english translation
pRthivyA lAbhe pAlane ca yAvanty arthazAstrANi pUrvaAcAryaiH prasthApitAni prAyazas tAni saMhRtya ekam idam arthazAstraM kRtam ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptतस्य अयं प्रकरण अधिकरण समुद्देशः ॥
Of this work, the following are the contents by sections and books.
english translation
tasya ayaM prakaraNa adhikaraNa samuddezaH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptविद्या समुद्देशः, वृद्ध समुद्देशः, इन्द्रिय जयः, अमात्य उत्पत्तिः, मन्त्रि पुरोहित उत्पत्तिः, उपधाभिः शौच अशौच ज्ञानम् अमात्यानाम्, गूढ पुरुष प्रणिधिः, स्व विषये कृत्य अकृत्य पक्ष रक्षणम्, पर विषये कृत्य अकृत्य पक्ष उपग्रहः, मन्त्र अधिकारः, दूत प्रणिधिः, राज पुत्र रक्षणम्, अपरुद्ध वृत्तम्, अपरुद्धे वृत्तिः, राज प्रणिधिः, निशान्त प्रणिधिः, आत्म रक्षितकम्, इति विनय अधिकारिकं प्रथमम् अधिकरणम् ॥
The end of Sciences; association with the aged; restraint of the organs of sense; the creation of ministers; the creation of councillors and priests; ascertaining by temptations purity or impurity in the character of ministers; the institution of spies. Protection of parties for or against one's own cause in one's own state; winning over the factions for or against an enemy's cause in an enemy's state; the business of council meeting; the mission of envoys; protection of princes; the conduct of a prince kept under restraint; treatment of a prince kept under restraint; the duties of a king; duty towards the harem; personal safety.
english translation
vidyA samuddezaH, vRddha samuddezaH, indriya jayaH, amAtya utpattiH, mantri purohita utpattiH, upadhAbhiH zauca azauca jJAnam amAtyAnAm, gUDha puruSa praNidhiH, sva viSaye kRtya akRtya pakSa rakSaNam, para viSaye kRtya akRtya pakSa upagrahaH, mantra adhikAraH, dUta praNidhiH, rAja putra rakSaNam, aparuddha vRttam, aparuddhe vRttiH, rAja praNidhiH, nizAnta praNidhiH, Atma rakSitakam, iti vinaya adhikArikaM prathamam adhikaraNam ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptजनपद निवेशः, भूमिच् छिद्र अपिधानम्, दुर्ग विधानम्, दुर्ग निवेशः, सम्निधातृ निचय कर्म, समाहर्तृ समुदय प्रस्थापनम्, अक्ष पटले गाणनिक्य अधिकारः, समुदयस्य युक्त अपहृतस्य प्रत्यानयनम्, उपयुक्त परीक्षा, शासन अधिकारः, कोश प्रवेश्य रत्न परीक्षा, आकर कर्म अन्त प्रवर्तनम्, अक्ष शालायां सुवर्ण अध्यक्षः विशिखायां सौवर्णिक प्रचारः, कोष्ठ आगार अध्यक्षः, पण्य अध्यक्षः, कुप्य अध्यक्षः, आयुध अध्यक्षः, तुला मान पौतवम्, देश काल मानम्, शुल्क अध्यक्षः, सूत्र अध्यक्षः, सीत अध्यक्षः, सुरा अध्यक्षः, सून अध्यक्षः, गणिका अध्यक्षः, नाव् अध्यक्षः, गो अध्यक्षः, अश्व अध्यक्षः, हस्त्य् अध्यक्षः, रथ अध्यक्षः, पत्त्य् अध्यक्षः, सेना पति प्रचारः, मुद्रा अध्यक्षः, विवीत अध्यक्षः, समाहर्तृ प्रचारः, गृह पतिक वैदेहक तापस व्यञ्जनाः प्रणिधयः, नागरिक प्रणिधिः इत्य् अध्यक्ष प्रचारो द्वितीयम् अधिकरणम् ॥
ldings within the fort; the duty of the chamberlain; the business of collection of revenue by the collector-general; the business of keeping up accounts in the office of accountants; detection of what is embezzled by government servants out of state-revenue; examination of the conduct of Government servants; the procedure of forming royal writs; the superintendent of the treasury; examination of gems that are to be entered into the treasury; conducting mining operations and manufacture; the superintendent of gold; the duties of the state goldsmith in the high road; the superintendent of store-house; the superintendent of commerce; the superintendent of forest produce; the superintendent of the armoury; the superintendent of weights and measures; measurement of space and time; the superintendent of tolls; the superintendent of weaving; the superintendent of agriculture; the superintendent of liquor; the superintendent of slaughter-house; the superintendent of prostitutes; the superintendent of ships; the superintendent of cows; the superintendent of horses; the superintendent of elephants; the superintendent of chariots; the superintendent of infantry; the duty of the commander-in-chief , the superintendent of passports; the superintendent of pasture lands; the duty of revenue collectors; spies in the guise of householders, merchants, and ascetics; the duty of a city superintendent.
english translation
janapada nivezaH, bhUmic chidra apidhAnam, durga vidhAnam, durga nivezaH, samnidhAtR nicaya karma, samAhartR samudaya prasthApanam, akSa paTale gANanikya adhikAraH, samudayasya yukta apahRtasya pratyAnayanam, upayukta parIkSA, zAsana adhikAraH, koza pravezya ratna parIkSA, Akara karma anta pravartanam, akSa zAlAyAM suvarNa adhyakSaH vizikhAyAM sauvarNika pracAraH, koSTha AgAra adhyakSaH, paNya adhyakSaH, kupya adhyakSaH, Ayudha adhyakSaH, tulA mAna pautavam, deza kAla mAnam, zulka adhyakSaH, sUtra adhyakSaH, sIta adhyakSaH, surA adhyakSaH, sUna adhyakSaH, gaNikA adhyakSaH, nAv adhyakSaH, go adhyakSaH, azva adhyakSaH, hasty adhyakSaH, ratha adhyakSaH, patty adhyakSaH, senA pati pracAraH, mudrA adhyakSaH, vivIta adhyakSaH, samAhartR pracAraH, gRha patika vaidehaka tApasa vyaJjanAH praNidhayaH, nAgarika praNidhiH ity adhyakSa pracAro dvitIyam adhikaraNam ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptव्यवहार स्थापना, विवाद पद निबन्धः, विवाह सम्युक्तम्, दाय विभागः, वास्तुकम्, समयस्य अनपाकर्म, ऋण अदानम्, औपनिधिकम्, दास कर्म कर कल्पः, सम्भूय समुत्थानम्, विक्रीत क्रीत अनुशयः, दत्तस्य अनपाकर्म, अस्वामि विक्रयः, स्व स्वामि सम्बन्धः, साहसम्, वाक् पारुष्यम्, दण्ड पारुष्यम्, द्यूत समाह्वयम्, प्रकीर्णकं इति, धर्म स्थीयं तृतीयम् अधिकरणम् ॥
Determination of forms of agreements; determination of legal disputes; concerning marriage; division of inheritance; buildings; non-performance of agreements; recovery of debts; concerning deposits; rules regarding slaves and labourers; co-operative undertakings; rescision of purchase and sale; resumption of gifts, and sale without ownership; ownership; robbery; defamation; assault; gambling and betting, and miscellaneous.
english translation
vyavahAra sthApanA, vivAda pada nibandhaH, vivAha samyuktam, dAya vibhAgaH, vAstukam, samayasya anapAkarma, RNa adAnam, aupanidhikam, dAsa karma kara kalpaH, sambhUya samutthAnam, vikrIta krIta anuzayaH, dattasya anapAkarma, asvAmi vikrayaH, sva svAmi sambandhaH, sAhasam, vAk pAruSyam, daNDa pAruSyam, dyUta samAhvayam, prakIrNakaM iti, dharma sthIyaM tRtIyam adhikaraNam ॥
hk transliteration by SanscriptProgress:3.2%
पृथिव्या लाभे पालने च यावन्त्य् अर्थशास्त्राणि पूर्वआचार्यैः प्रस्थापितानि प्रायशस् तानि संहृत्य एकम् इदम् अर्थशास्त्रं कृतम् ॥
This Arthaśāstra is made as a compendium of almost all the Arthaśāstras, which, in view of acquisition and maintenance of the earth, have been composed by ancient teachers.
english translation
pRthivyA lAbhe pAlane ca yAvanty arthazAstrANi pUrvaAcAryaiH prasthApitAni prAyazas tAni saMhRtya ekam idam arthazAstraM kRtam ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptतस्य अयं प्रकरण अधिकरण समुद्देशः ॥
Of this work, the following are the contents by sections and books.
english translation
tasya ayaM prakaraNa adhikaraNa samuddezaH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptविद्या समुद्देशः, वृद्ध समुद्देशः, इन्द्रिय जयः, अमात्य उत्पत्तिः, मन्त्रि पुरोहित उत्पत्तिः, उपधाभिः शौच अशौच ज्ञानम् अमात्यानाम्, गूढ पुरुष प्रणिधिः, स्व विषये कृत्य अकृत्य पक्ष रक्षणम्, पर विषये कृत्य अकृत्य पक्ष उपग्रहः, मन्त्र अधिकारः, दूत प्रणिधिः, राज पुत्र रक्षणम्, अपरुद्ध वृत्तम्, अपरुद्धे वृत्तिः, राज प्रणिधिः, निशान्त प्रणिधिः, आत्म रक्षितकम्, इति विनय अधिकारिकं प्रथमम् अधिकरणम् ॥
The end of Sciences; association with the aged; restraint of the organs of sense; the creation of ministers; the creation of councillors and priests; ascertaining by temptations purity or impurity in the character of ministers; the institution of spies. Protection of parties for or against one's own cause in one's own state; winning over the factions for or against an enemy's cause in an enemy's state; the business of council meeting; the mission of envoys; protection of princes; the conduct of a prince kept under restraint; treatment of a prince kept under restraint; the duties of a king; duty towards the harem; personal safety.
english translation
vidyA samuddezaH, vRddha samuddezaH, indriya jayaH, amAtya utpattiH, mantri purohita utpattiH, upadhAbhiH zauca azauca jJAnam amAtyAnAm, gUDha puruSa praNidhiH, sva viSaye kRtya akRtya pakSa rakSaNam, para viSaye kRtya akRtya pakSa upagrahaH, mantra adhikAraH, dUta praNidhiH, rAja putra rakSaNam, aparuddha vRttam, aparuddhe vRttiH, rAja praNidhiH, nizAnta praNidhiH, Atma rakSitakam, iti vinaya adhikArikaM prathamam adhikaraNam ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptजनपद निवेशः, भूमिच् छिद्र अपिधानम्, दुर्ग विधानम्, दुर्ग निवेशः, सम्निधातृ निचय कर्म, समाहर्तृ समुदय प्रस्थापनम्, अक्ष पटले गाणनिक्य अधिकारः, समुदयस्य युक्त अपहृतस्य प्रत्यानयनम्, उपयुक्त परीक्षा, शासन अधिकारः, कोश प्रवेश्य रत्न परीक्षा, आकर कर्म अन्त प्रवर्तनम्, अक्ष शालायां सुवर्ण अध्यक्षः विशिखायां सौवर्णिक प्रचारः, कोष्ठ आगार अध्यक्षः, पण्य अध्यक्षः, कुप्य अध्यक्षः, आयुध अध्यक्षः, तुला मान पौतवम्, देश काल मानम्, शुल्क अध्यक्षः, सूत्र अध्यक्षः, सीत अध्यक्षः, सुरा अध्यक्षः, सून अध्यक्षः, गणिका अध्यक्षः, नाव् अध्यक्षः, गो अध्यक्षः, अश्व अध्यक्षः, हस्त्य् अध्यक्षः, रथ अध्यक्षः, पत्त्य् अध्यक्षः, सेना पति प्रचारः, मुद्रा अध्यक्षः, विवीत अध्यक्षः, समाहर्तृ प्रचारः, गृह पतिक वैदेहक तापस व्यञ्जनाः प्रणिधयः, नागरिक प्रणिधिः इत्य् अध्यक्ष प्रचारो द्वितीयम् अधिकरणम् ॥
ldings within the fort; the duty of the chamberlain; the business of collection of revenue by the collector-general; the business of keeping up accounts in the office of accountants; detection of what is embezzled by government servants out of state-revenue; examination of the conduct of Government servants; the procedure of forming royal writs; the superintendent of the treasury; examination of gems that are to be entered into the treasury; conducting mining operations and manufacture; the superintendent of gold; the duties of the state goldsmith in the high road; the superintendent of store-house; the superintendent of commerce; the superintendent of forest produce; the superintendent of the armoury; the superintendent of weights and measures; measurement of space and time; the superintendent of tolls; the superintendent of weaving; the superintendent of agriculture; the superintendent of liquor; the superintendent of slaughter-house; the superintendent of prostitutes; the superintendent of ships; the superintendent of cows; the superintendent of horses; the superintendent of elephants; the superintendent of chariots; the superintendent of infantry; the duty of the commander-in-chief , the superintendent of passports; the superintendent of pasture lands; the duty of revenue collectors; spies in the guise of householders, merchants, and ascetics; the duty of a city superintendent.
english translation
janapada nivezaH, bhUmic chidra apidhAnam, durga vidhAnam, durga nivezaH, samnidhAtR nicaya karma, samAhartR samudaya prasthApanam, akSa paTale gANanikya adhikAraH, samudayasya yukta apahRtasya pratyAnayanam, upayukta parIkSA, zAsana adhikAraH, koza pravezya ratna parIkSA, Akara karma anta pravartanam, akSa zAlAyAM suvarNa adhyakSaH vizikhAyAM sauvarNika pracAraH, koSTha AgAra adhyakSaH, paNya adhyakSaH, kupya adhyakSaH, Ayudha adhyakSaH, tulA mAna pautavam, deza kAla mAnam, zulka adhyakSaH, sUtra adhyakSaH, sIta adhyakSaH, surA adhyakSaH, sUna adhyakSaH, gaNikA adhyakSaH, nAv adhyakSaH, go adhyakSaH, azva adhyakSaH, hasty adhyakSaH, ratha adhyakSaH, patty adhyakSaH, senA pati pracAraH, mudrA adhyakSaH, vivIta adhyakSaH, samAhartR pracAraH, gRha patika vaidehaka tApasa vyaJjanAH praNidhayaH, nAgarika praNidhiH ity adhyakSa pracAro dvitIyam adhikaraNam ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptव्यवहार स्थापना, विवाद पद निबन्धः, विवाह सम्युक्तम्, दाय विभागः, वास्तुकम्, समयस्य अनपाकर्म, ऋण अदानम्, औपनिधिकम्, दास कर्म कर कल्पः, सम्भूय समुत्थानम्, विक्रीत क्रीत अनुशयः, दत्तस्य अनपाकर्म, अस्वामि विक्रयः, स्व स्वामि सम्बन्धः, साहसम्, वाक् पारुष्यम्, दण्ड पारुष्यम्, द्यूत समाह्वयम्, प्रकीर्णकं इति, धर्म स्थीयं तृतीयम् अधिकरणम् ॥
Determination of forms of agreements; determination of legal disputes; concerning marriage; division of inheritance; buildings; non-performance of agreements; recovery of debts; concerning deposits; rules regarding slaves and labourers; co-operative undertakings; rescision of purchase and sale; resumption of gifts, and sale without ownership; ownership; robbery; defamation; assault; gambling and betting, and miscellaneous.
english translation
vyavahAra sthApanA, vivAda pada nibandhaH, vivAha samyuktam, dAya vibhAgaH, vAstukam, samayasya anapAkarma, RNa adAnam, aupanidhikam, dAsa karma kara kalpaH, sambhUya samutthAnam, vikrIta krIta anuzayaH, dattasya anapAkarma, asvAmi vikrayaH, sva svAmi sambandhaH, sAhasam, vAk pAruSyam, daNDa pAruSyam, dyUta samAhvayam, prakIrNakaM iti, dharma sthIyaM tRtIyam adhikaraNam ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscript