Arthashastra

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31

siva.sh/arthashastra/sadgunya/1/31

न एतद् विभाषितम् इति कौटिल्यः ॥

Kautilya says that this is not defined.

english translation

na etad vibhASitam iti kauTilyaH ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript

32

siva.sh/arthashastra/sadgunya/1/32

यदि वा पश्येत् "सन्धौ स्थितो महा फलैः स्व कर्मभिः पर कर्माण्य् उपहनिष्यामि, महा फलानि वा स्व कर्माण्य् उपभोक्ष्ये, पर कर्माणि वा, संधि विश्वासेन वा योग उपनिषत् प्रणिधिभिः पर कर्माण्य् उपहनिष्यामि, सुखं वा स अनुग्रह परिहार सौकर्यं फल लाभ भूयस्त्वेन स्व कर्मणां पर कर्म योग आवहं जनम् आस्रावयिष्यामि ॥ बलिना अतिमात्रेण वा संहितः परः स्व कर्म उपघातं प्राप्स्यति, येन वा विगृहीतो मया संधत्ते तेन अस्य विग्रहं दीर्घं करिष्यामि, मया वा संहितस्य मद् द्वेषिणो जन पदं पीडयिष्यति ॥ पर उपहतो वा अस्य जन पदो माम् आगमिष्यति, ततः कर्मसु वृद्धिं प्राप्स्यामि, विपन्न कर्म आरम्भो वा विषमस्थः परः कर्मसु न मे विक्रमेत ॥ परतः प्रवृत्त कर्म आरम्भो वा ताभ्यां संहितः कर्मसु वृद्धिं प्राप्स्यामि, शत्रु प्रतिबद्धं वा शत्रुणा संधिं कृत्वा मण्डलं भेत्स्यामि ॥ भिन्नम् अवाप्स्यामि, दण्ड अनुग्रहेण वा शत्रुम् उपगृह्य मण्डल लिप्सायां विद्वेषं ग्राहयिष्यामि, विद्विष्टं तेन एव घातयिष्यामि" इति संधिना वृद्धिम् आतिष्ठेत् ॥

Or if a king thinks:-- "That as my country is full of born soldiers and of corporations of fighting men, and as it possesses such natural defensive positions as mountains, forests, rivers, and forts with only one entrance, it can easily repel the attack of my enemy; or having taken my stand in my impregnable fortress at the border of my country, I can harass the works of my enemy; or owing to internal troubles and loss of energy, my enemy will early suffer from the destruction of his works; or when my enemy is attacked by another king, I can induce his subjects to immigrate into my country," then he may augment his own resources by keeping open hostility with such an enemy.

english translation

yadi vA pazyet "sandhau sthito mahA phalaiH sva karmabhiH para karmANy upahaniSyAmi, mahA phalAni vA sva karmANy upabhokSye, para karmANi vA, saMdhi vizvAsena vA yoga upaniSat praNidhibhiH para karmANy upahaniSyAmi, sukhaM vA sa anugraha parihAra saukaryaM phala lAbha bhUyastvena sva karmaNAM para karma yoga AvahaM janam AsrAvayiSyAmi ॥ balinA atimAtreNa vA saMhitaH paraH sva karma upaghAtaM prApsyati, yena vA vigRhIto mayA saMdhatte tena asya vigrahaM dIrghaM kariSyAmi, mayA vA saMhitasya mad dveSiNo jana padaM pIDayiSyati ॥ para upahato vA asya jana pado mAm AgamiSyati, tataH karmasu vRddhiM prApsyAmi, vipanna karma Arambho vA viSamasthaH paraH karmasu na me vikrameta ॥ parataH pravRtta karma Arambho vA tAbhyAM saMhitaH karmasu vRddhiM prApsyAmi, zatru pratibaddhaM vA zatruNA saMdhiM kRtvA maNDalaM bhetsyAmi ॥ bhinnam avApsyAmi, daNDa anugraheNa vA zatrum upagRhya maNDala lipsAyAM vidveSaM grAhayiSyAmi, vidviSTaM tena eva ghAtayiSyAmi" iti saMdhinA vRddhim AtiSThet ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript

33

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यदि वा पश्येत् "आयुधीय प्रायः श्रेणी प्रायो वा मे जन पदः शैल वन नदी दुर्ग एक द्वार आरक्षो वा शक्ष्यति पर अभियोगं प्रतिहन्तुम्, विषय अन्ते दुर्गम् अविषह्यम् अपाश्रितो वा शक्ष्यामि पर कर्माण्य् उपहन्तुं ॥ व्यसन पीड उपहत उत्साहो वा परः सम्प्राप्त कर्म उपघात कालः, विगृहीतस्य अन्यतो वा शक्ष्यामि जन पदम् अपवाहयितुम्" इति विग्रहे स्थितो वृद्धिम् आतिष्ठेत् ॥

Or, if he perceives: *"My territory is composed mostly of warriors or organized guilds (of fighting men), or it contains mountains, forests, rivers, fortresses, or a single-gateway stronghold for defense, and therefore it will be able to resist the enemy’s attack. Or, being sheltered in an impregnable fort at the frontier of the district, I shall be able to destroy the enemy’s undertakings. Or, the enemy—distressed by calamities, afflicted by troubles, or whose enthusiasm is weakened—has reached the time when his undertakings can be thwarted. Or, when he is engaged in conflict elsewhere, I shall be able to carry away (win over or detach) his territory."

english translation

yadi vA pazyet "AyudhIya prAyaH zreNI prAyo vA me jana padaH zaila vana nadI durga eka dvAra ArakSo vA zakSyati para abhiyogaM pratihantum, viSaya ante durgam aviSahyam apAzrito vA zakSyAmi para karmANy upahantuM ॥ vyasana pIDa upahata utsAho vA paraH samprApta karma upaghAta kAlaH, vigRhItasya anyato vA zakSyAmi jana padam apavAhayitum" iti vigrahe sthito vRddhim AtiSThet ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript

34

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यदि वा मन्येत "न मे शक्तः परः कर्माण्य् उपहन्तुं न अहं तस्य कर्म उपघाती वा, व्यसनम् अस्य, श्व वराहयोर् इव कलहे वा, स्व कर्म अनुष्ठान परो वा वर्धिष्ये" इत्य् आसनेन वृद्धिम् आतिष्ठेत् ॥

Or if a king thinks:-- "That neither is my enemy strong enough to destroy my works, nor am I his; or if he comes to fight with me, like a dog with a boar, I can increase his afflictions without incurring any loss in my own works," then he may observe neutrality and augment his own resources.

english translation

yadi vA manyeta "na me zaktaH paraH karmANy upahantuM na ahaM tasya karma upaghAtI vA, vyasanam asya, zva varAhayor iva kalahe vA, sva karma anuSThAna paro vA vardhiSye" ity Asanena vRddhim AtiSThet ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript

35

siva.sh/arthashastra/sadgunya/1/35

यदि वा मन्येत "यान साध्यः कर्म उपघातः शत्रोः, प्रतिविहित स्व कर्म आरक्षश् च अस्मि" इति यानेन वृद्धिम् आतिष्ठेत् ॥

Or if a king thinks:-- "That by marching my troops it is possible to destroy the works of my enemy; and as for myself, I have made proper arrangements to safeguard my own works," then he may increase his resources by marching.

english translation

yadi vA manyeta "yAna sAdhyaH karma upaghAtaH zatroH, prativihita sva karma ArakSaz ca asmi" iti yAnena vRddhim AtiSThet ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript

Chapter 1

Verses 26-30

Chapter 1

Verses 36-40