Arthashastra
Progress:5.9%
राज्ञः स्व धर्मः स्वर्गाय प्रजा धर्मेण रक्षितुः । अरक्षितुर् वा क्षेप्तुर् वा मिथ्या दण्डम् अतो अन्यथा ॥
As the duty of a king consists in protecting his subjects with justice, its observance leads him to heaven. He who does not protect his people or upsets the social order wields his royal sceptre (danda) in vain.
english translation
rAjJaH sva dharmaH svargAya prajA dharmeNa rakSituH । arakSitur vA kSeptur vA mithyA daNDam ato anyathA ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptदण्डो हि केवलो लोकं परं च इमं च रक्षति । राज्ञा पुत्रे च शत्रौ च यथा दोषं समं धृतः ॥
It is power and power (danda) alone which, only when exercised by the king with impartiality and in proportion to guilt either over his son or his enemy, maintains both this world and the next.
english translation
daNDo hi kevalo lokaM paraM ca imaM ca rakSati । rAjJA putre ca zatrau ca yathA doSaM samaM dhRtaH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptअनुशासद्द् हि धर्मेण व्यवहारेण संस्थया । न्यायेन च चतुर्थेन चतुर् अन्तां वा महीं जयेत् ॥
The king who administers justice in accordance with sacred law (Dharma), evidence (vyavahára), history (samsthá) and edicts of kings (Nyáya) which is the fourth will be able to conquer the whole world bounded by the four quarters (Chaturantám mahím).
english translation
anuzAsadd hi dharmeNa vyavahAreNa saMsthayA । nyAyena ca caturthena catur antAM vA mahIM jayet ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptसंस्था या धर्म शास्त्रेण शास्त्रं वा व्यावहारिकम् । यस्मिन्न् अर्थे विरुध्येत धर्मेण अर्थं विनिर्णयेत् ॥
Whenever there is disagreement between history and sacred law or between evidence and sacred law, then the matter shall be settled in accordance with sacred law.
english translation
saMsthA yA dharma zAstreNa zAstraM vA vyAvahArikam । yasminn arthe virudhyeta dharmeNa arthaM vinirNayet ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptशास्त्रं विप्रतिपद्येत धर्मे न्यायेन केनचित् । न्यायस् तत्र प्रमाणं स्यात् तत्र पाठो हि नश्यति ॥
But whenever sacred law (sástra) is conflict with rational law (Dharmanyáya=kings' law), then reason shall be held authoritative; for there the original text (on which the sacred law has been based) is not available.
english translation
zAstraM vipratipadyeta dharme nyAyena kenacit । nyAyas tatra pramANaM syAt tatra pATho hi nazyati ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptदीवानी और फौजदारी
Determination Of Forms Of Agreement; Determination Of Legal Disputes.
2.
विवाह कानून
Concerning Marriage. The Duty Of Marriage, The Property Of A Woman, And Compensations For Remarriage.
3.
स्त्रीधर्म
The Duty Of A Wife; Maintenance Of A Woman; Cruelty To Women; Enmity Between Husband And Wife; A Wife's Transgression; Her Kindness To Another; And Forbidden Transactions.
4.
भ्रमण और पलायन
Vagrancy, Elopement And Short And Long Sojournments.
5.
मुकदमे संबंधी विचार
Division Of Inheritance.
6.
दायभाग
Special Shares In Inheritance.
7.
बटवारा
Distinction Between Sons.
8.
भवन
Buildings.
9.
वस्तु विक्रय
Sale Of Buildings, Boundary Disputes, Determination Of Boundaries, And Miscellaneous Hindrances.
10.
पशुवों के चारागाह आदि
Destruction Of Pasture-Lands, Fields And Roads, And Non-Performance Of Agreements.
11.
कर्ज लेना और देना
Recovery Of Debts.
12.
धरोहर
Concerning Deposits.
13.
मजदूरों का विपय
Rules Regarding Slaves And Labourers.
14.
श्रमसहकार
Rules Regarding Labourers; And Co-Operative Undertaking.
15.
वेचने और नहीं बेचने सम्बन्धी वाद विवाद
Rescission Of Purchase And Sale.
16.
स्वामित्व और उपहार-वापसी
Resumption Of Gifts, Sale Without Ownership And Ownership.
17.
डकैती
Robbery.
18.
गाली गलौज
Defamation.
19.
मारपीट
Assault.
20.
जुआ तथा अन्य अपराधों का वर्णन
Gambling And Betting And Miscellaneous Offences.
Progress:5.9%
राज्ञः स्व धर्मः स्वर्गाय प्रजा धर्मेण रक्षितुः । अरक्षितुर् वा क्षेप्तुर् वा मिथ्या दण्डम् अतो अन्यथा ॥
As the duty of a king consists in protecting his subjects with justice, its observance leads him to heaven. He who does not protect his people or upsets the social order wields his royal sceptre (danda) in vain.
english translation
rAjJaH sva dharmaH svargAya prajA dharmeNa rakSituH । arakSitur vA kSeptur vA mithyA daNDam ato anyathA ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptदण्डो हि केवलो लोकं परं च इमं च रक्षति । राज्ञा पुत्रे च शत्रौ च यथा दोषं समं धृतः ॥
It is power and power (danda) alone which, only when exercised by the king with impartiality and in proportion to guilt either over his son or his enemy, maintains both this world and the next.
english translation
daNDo hi kevalo lokaM paraM ca imaM ca rakSati । rAjJA putre ca zatrau ca yathA doSaM samaM dhRtaH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptअनुशासद्द् हि धर्मेण व्यवहारेण संस्थया । न्यायेन च चतुर्थेन चतुर् अन्तां वा महीं जयेत् ॥
The king who administers justice in accordance with sacred law (Dharma), evidence (vyavahára), history (samsthá) and edicts of kings (Nyáya) which is the fourth will be able to conquer the whole world bounded by the four quarters (Chaturantám mahím).
english translation
anuzAsadd hi dharmeNa vyavahAreNa saMsthayA । nyAyena ca caturthena catur antAM vA mahIM jayet ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptसंस्था या धर्म शास्त्रेण शास्त्रं वा व्यावहारिकम् । यस्मिन्न् अर्थे विरुध्येत धर्मेण अर्थं विनिर्णयेत् ॥
Whenever there is disagreement between history and sacred law or between evidence and sacred law, then the matter shall be settled in accordance with sacred law.
english translation
saMsthA yA dharma zAstreNa zAstraM vA vyAvahArikam । yasminn arthe virudhyeta dharmeNa arthaM vinirNayet ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptशास्त्रं विप्रतिपद्येत धर्मे न्यायेन केनचित् । न्यायस् तत्र प्रमाणं स्यात् तत्र पाठो हि नश्यति ॥
But whenever sacred law (sástra) is conflict with rational law (Dharmanyáya=kings' law), then reason shall be held authoritative; for there the original text (on which the sacred law has been based) is not available.
english translation
zAstraM vipratipadyeta dharme nyAyena kenacit । nyAyas tatra pramANaM syAt tatra pATho hi nazyati ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscript