Arthashastra

Progress:72.7%

वाप अतिरिक्तम् अर्ध सीतिकाः कुर्युः, स्व वीर्य उपजीविनो वा चतुर् थ पञ्च भागिकाः ॥

Fields that are left unsown (vápátiriktam, i.e., owing to the inadequacy of hands) may be brought under cultivation by employing those who cultivate for half the share in the produce (ardhasítiká); or those who live by their own physical exertion (svavíryopajívinah) may cultivate such fields for ¼th or 1/5th of the produce grown;

english translation

vApa atiriktam ardha sItikAH kuryuH, sva vIrya upajIvino vA catur tha paJca bhAgikAH ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript

यथा इष्टम् अनवसित भागं दद्युः, अन्यत्र कृच्छ्रेभ्यः ॥

or they may pay (to the king) as much as they can without entailing any hardship upon themselves (anavasitam bhágam), with the exception of their own private lands that are difficult to cultivate.

english translation

yathA iSTam anavasita bhAgaM dadyuH, anyatra kRcchrebhyaH ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript

स्व सेतुभ्यो हस्त प्रावर्तिमम् उदक भागं पञ्चमं दद्युः, स्कन्ध प्रावर्तिमं चतुर्थम्, स्रोतो यन्त्र प्रावर्तिमं च तृतीयम्, चतुर्थं नदी सरस् तटाक कूप उद्धाटम् ॥

Those who cultivate irrigating by manual labour (hastaprávartimam) shall pay 1/5th of the produce as water-rate (udakabhágam); by carrying water on shoulders (skandhaprávartimam) ¼th of the produce; by water-lifts (srotoyantraprávartimam), ⅓rd of the produce; and by raising water from rivers, lakes, tanks, and wells (nadisarastatákakúpodghátam),⅓rd or ¼th of the produce.

english translation

sva setubhyo hasta prAvartimam udaka bhAgaM paJcamaM dadyuH, skandha prAvartimaM caturtham, sroto yantra prAvartimaM ca tRtIyam, caturthaM nadI saras taTAka kUpa uddhATam ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript

कर्म उदक प्रमाणेन कैदारं हैमनं ग्रैष्मिकं वा सस्यं स्थापयेत् ॥

The superintendent shall grow wet crops (kedára), winter-crops (haimana), or summer crops (graishmika) according to the supply of workmen and water.

english translation

karma udaka pramANena kaidAraM haimanaM graiSmikaM vA sasyaM sthApayet ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript

शाल्य् आदि ज्येष्ठम्, षण्डो मध्यमः, इक्षुः प्रत्यवरः ॥

Rice-crops and the like are the best (jyáshtha, i.e., to grow); vegetables (shanda) are of intermediate nature;

english translation

zAly Adi jyeSTham, SaNDo madhyamaH, ikSuH pratyavaraH ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript