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Arthashastra

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पण्य अध्यक्षः स्थल जलजानां नाना विधानां पण्यानां स्थल पथ वारि पथ उपयातानां सार फल्ग्व् अर्घ अन्तरं प्रिय अप्रियतां च विद्यात्, तथा विक्षेप संक्षेप क्रय विक्रय प्रयोग कालान् ॥

THE Superintendent of Commerce shall ascertain demand or absence of demand for, and rise or fall in the price of, various kinds of merchandise which may be the products either of land or of water and which may have been brought in either by land or by water path. He shall also ascertain the time suitable for their distribution, centralisation, purchase, and sale.

english translation

यच् च पण्यं प्रचुरं स्यात् तद् एकी कृत्य अर्घम् आरोपयेत् ॥

That merchandise which is widely distributed shall be centralised and its price enhanced.

english translation

प्राप्ते अर्घे वा अर्घ अन्तरं कारयेत् ॥

When the enhanced rate becomes popular, another rate shall be declared.

english translation

स्व भूमिजानां राज पण्यानाम् एक मुखं व्यवहारं स्थापयेत्, पर भूमिजानाम् अनेक मुखम् ॥

That merchandise of the king which is of local manufacture shall be centralised; imported merchandise shall be distributed in several markets for sale.

english translation

उभयं च प्रजानाम् अनुग्रहेण विक्रापयेत् ॥

Both kinds of merchandise shall be favourably sold to the people.

english translation