Surya Siddhanta
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ततः शेषाणि कन्याया यान्य् अहानि तु षोडश । क्रतुभिस् तानि तुल्यानि पितृऋणाम् दत्तम् अक्षयम्॥
The last 16 degrees of Virgo is suitable for sacrifice (yagna). Anything offered to the ancestors in this time is inexhaustible.
english translation
भचक्रनाभौ विषुवद्द्वितयम् समसूत्रगम् । अयनद्वितयम् चैव चतस्रः प्रथितास् तु ताः॥
In the middle of the zodiac (bha-cakra) there are two equinoxes (vishuvat vindu) which lie on the same straight line (samasutraga—that is the diameter). Likewise, the two solstices (ayana vindu) also line up on a diameter. These four points are always mentioned.
english translation
तदन्तरेषु सम्क्रान्तिद्वितयम् द्वितयम् पुनः। नैरन्तर्यात् तु सम्क्रान्तेर् ज्ञेयम् विष्णुपदीद्वयम् ॥
Between the aforesaid two points there are two sankräntis in each case. The four sankräntis which follow these are called vishëupadé. (The rest are called shadaçéti ).
english translation
भानोर् मकरसङ्क्रान्तेः षण्मासा उत्तरायणम् । कर्क्यादेस् तु तथैव स्यात् षण्मासा दक्षिणायनम् ॥
Six months following the sun’s entrance (sangkramaëa) into Capricorn is northern progress (uttaräyaëa)* . Six months following entrance into Cancer is the southern progress (dakshinäyaëa) **.
english translation
द्विराशिनाथ ऋतवस् ततो +अपि शिशिरादयः । मेषादयो द्वादशैते मासास् तैर् एव वत्सरः॥
Starting from sun’s entrance into Capricorn, the seasons (åtu) prevail through two signs. These twelve start with Aries, which are the months and together they make 1 year.
english translation