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नरकस्वर्गसंज्ञाये पापपुण्ये द्विजोत्तम ॥ ययोस्त्वेकं तु दुःखायान्यत्सुखायोद्भवाय च ॥ ३६॥
O excellent brahmin, sin and merit indicate hell and heaven. One is conducive to misery and the other to pleasure and rebirth.
english translation
तदेव प्रीतये भूत्वा पुनर्दुःखाय जायते ॥ तत्स्याद्दुःखात्मकं नास्ति न च किंचित्सुखात्मकम् ॥ ३७॥
That at the outset is conducive to happiness but later brings in misery. Hence ultimately everything is of the nature of misery. There is nothing in fact of an invariably pleasurable nature.
english translation
मनसः परिणामोऽयं सुखदुःखोपलक्षणः ॥ ज्ञानमेव परं ब्रह्म ज्ञानं तत्त्वाय कल्पते ॥ ३८ ॥
Happiness and misery constitute only a temporary transformation of the mind. But knowledge is the greatest Brahman. Knowledge is conducive to the understanding of reality.
english translation
ज्ञानात्मकमिदं विश्वं सकलं सचराचरम् ॥ परविज्ञानतः किंचिद्विद्यते न परं मुने ॥ ३९ ॥
The entire universe consisting of the mobile and immobile beings has knowledge as its soul. O sage, there is nothing greater than the perfect knowledge of the greatest being.
english translation
एवमेतन्मयाख्यातं सर्वं नरकमण्डलम् ॥ अत ऊर्ध्वं प्रवक्ष्यामि सांप्रतं मंडलं भुवः ॥ ४०॥
Thus the entire sphere of the hell has been explained by me. Hereafter I shall explain the sphere of the earth.
english translation