Charak Samhita

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तत्रेदंवादमर्यादालक्षणंभवति- इदंवाच्यम्, इदमवाच्यम्, एवंपराजितोभवतीति ||२६||

sanskrit

The result of the discussion should be recorded like this; this is worth-speaking, this is not worth-speaking, therefore one has been defeated.

english translation

tatredaMvAdamaryAdAlakSaNaMbhavati- idaMvAcyam, idamavAcyam, evaMparAjitobhavatIti ||26||

hk transliteration

इमानितुखलुपदानिभिषग्वादमार्गज्ञानार्थमधिगम्यानिभवन्ति; तद्यथा- वादः, द्रव्यं, गुणाः, कर्म, सामान्यं, विशेषः, समवायः, प्रतिज्ञा,स्थापना, प्रतिष्ठापना, हेतुः, दृष्टान्तः, उपनयः, निगमनम्, उत्तरं, सिद्धान्तः, शब्दः, प्रत्यक्षम्, अनुमानम्, ऐतिह्यम्, औपम्यं, संशयः, प्रयोजनं, सव्यभिचारं, जिज्ञासा, व्यवसायः, अर्थप्राप्तिः, सम्भवः, अनुयोज्यम्, अननुयोज्यम्, अनुयोगः, प्रत्यनुयोगः, वाक्यदोषः, वाक्यप्रशंसा, छलम्, अहेतुः, अतीतकालम्, उपालम्भः, परिहारः, प्रतिज्ञाहानिः, अभ्यनुज्ञा, हेत्वन्तरम्, अर्थान्तरं, निग्रहस्थानमिति ||२७||

sanskrit

[Terms for debate] These terms are worth-knowing for acquaintance of the course of discussion among physicians such as – vada, dravya, guna, karma, samanya, vishesha, samavaya, pratijna, sthapana, pratishthapana, hetu, drishtanta, upanaya, nigamana, uttara, siddhanta, shabda, pratyaksha, anumana, aitihya, aupamya, samshaya, prayojana, savyabhichara, jijnasa, vyavasaya, arthaprapti, sambhava, anuyojya, ananuyojya, anuyoga, pratyanuyoga, vakyadosha, vakyaprashamsa, chhala, ahetu, atitakala, upalambha, parihara, pratijnahani, abhyanujna, hetvantara, arthantara, nigrahasthana.

english translation

imAnitukhalupadAnibhiSagvAdamArgajJAnArthamadhigamyAnibhavanti; tadyathA- vAdaH, dravyaM, guNAH, karma, sAmAnyaM, vizeSaH, samavAyaH, pratijJA,sthApanA, pratiSThApanA, hetuH, dRSTAntaH, upanayaH, nigamanam, uttaraM, siddhAntaH, zabdaH, pratyakSam, anumAnam, aitihyam, aupamyaM, saMzayaH, prayojanaM, savyabhicAraM, jijJAsA, vyavasAyaH, arthaprAptiH, sambhavaH, anuyojyam, ananuyojyam, anuyogaH, pratyanuyogaH, vAkyadoSaH, vAkyaprazaMsA, chalam, ahetuH, atItakAlam, upAlambhaH, parihAraH, pratijJAhAniH, abhyanujJA, hetvantaram, arthAntaraM, nigrahasthAnamiti ||27||

hk transliteration

तत्रवादोनामसयत्परेणसहशास्त्रपूर्वकंविगृह्यकथयति| सचद्विविधःसङ्ग्रहेण- जल्पः, वितण्डाच| तत्रपक्षाश्रितयोर्वचनंजल्पः, जल्पविपर्ययोवितण्डा| यथा- एकस्यपक्षःपुनर्भवोऽस्तीति,नास्तीत्यपरस्य; तौचस्वस्वपक्षहेतुभिःस्वस्वपक्षंस्थापयतः, परपक्षमुद्भावयतः, एषजल्पः| जल्पविपर्ययोवितण्डा| वितण्डानामपरपक्षेदोषवचनमात्रमेव ||२८||

sanskrit

[1. Vada (debate)] Vada is that in which one holds academic discussion with a contending opponent. This is briefly of two types – jalpa, vitanda. Jalpa is the statement of speaker’s own view contradicting the opponent’s view. Vitanda is opposite to jalpa. For instance, one holds the view that rebirth exist while the other holds the view just against it. During such discussion (vada), they (participants) advance arguments in support of their own views and contradict the opponent’s view, this is jalpa. Vitanda is opposite to jalpa in which the speaker without having any positive approach only finds faults in the opponent’s view point.

english translation

tatravAdonAmasayatpareNasahazAstrapUrvakaMvigRhyakathayati| sacadvividhaHsaGgraheNa- jalpaH, vitaNDAca| tatrapakSAzritayorvacanaMjalpaH, jalpaviparyayovitaNDA| yathA- ekasyapakSaHpunarbhavo'stIti,nAstItyaparasya; taucasvasvapakSahetubhiHsvasvapakSaMsthApayataH, parapakSamudbhAvayataH, eSajalpaH| jalpaviparyayovitaNDA| vitaNDAnAmaparapakSedoSavacanamAtrameva ||28||

hk transliteration

द्रव्य-गुण-कर्म-सामान्य-विशेष-समवायाः स्वलक्षणैःश्लोकस्थानेपूर्वमुक्ताः ||२९||

sanskrit

[2-7: Dravya to Samavaya] Dravya, guna, karma, samanya, vishesha and samavaya– these are mentioned earlier along with their definitions in shloka sthana (Sutra Sthana chapters).

english translation

dravya-guNa-karma-sAmAnya-vizeSa-samavAyAH svalakSaNaiHzlokasthAnepUrvamuktAH ||29||

hk transliteration

अथप्रतिज्ञा- प्रतिज्ञानामसाध्यवचनं; यथा- नित्यःपुरुषइति ||३०||

sanskrit

[8. Pratijna (proposition)] Pratijna(proposition) is the statement which is to be proved. For instance, purusha is eternal.

english translation

athapratijJA- pratijJAnAmasAdhyavacanaM; yathA- nityaHpuruSaiti ||30||

hk transliteration