Charak Samhita

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पञ्चाशन्महाकषाया’ इति यदुक्तं तदनुव्याख्यास्यामः;तद्यथा- जीवनीयो बृंहणीयो लेखनीयो भेदनीयः सन्धानीयो दीपनीय इति षट्कः कषायवर्गः; बल्यो वर्ण्यः कण्ठ्यो हृद्य इति चतुष्कः कषायवर्गः; तृप्तिघ्नोऽर्शोघ्नः कुष्ठघ्नः कण्डूघ्नः क्रिमिघ्नो विषघ्न इति षट्कः कषायवर्गः; स्तन्यजननः स्तन्यशोधनः शुक्रजननः शुक्रशोधन इति चतुष्कः कषायवर्गः; स्नेहोपगः स्वेदोपगो वमनोपगो विरेचनोपग आस्थापनोपगोऽनुवासनोपगः शिरोविरेचनोपग इति सप्तकः कषायवर्गः; छर्दिनिग्रहणस्तृष्णानिग्रहणो हिक्कानिग्रहण इति त्रिकः कषायवर्गः; पुरीषसङ्ग्रहणीयः पुरीषविरजनीयो मूत्रसङ्ग्रहणीयो मूत्रविरजनीयो मूत्रविरेचनीय इति पञ्चकः कषायवर्गः; कासहरः श्वासहरः शोथहरो ज्वरहरः श्रमहर इति पञ्चकः कषायवर्गः; दाहप्रशमनः शीतप्रशमन उदर्दप्रशमनोऽङ्गमर्दप्रशमनः शूलप्रशमन इति पञ्चकः कषायवर्गः; शोणितस्थापनो वेदनास्थापनः सञ्ज्ञास्थापनः प्रजास्थापनो वयःस्थापन इति पञ्चकः कषायवर्गः; इति पञ्चाशन्महाकषाया महतां च कषायाणां लक्षणोदाहरणार्थं व्याख्याता भवन्ति| तेषामेकैकस्मिन् महाकषाये दश दशावयविकान् कषायाननुव्याख्यास्यामः; तान्येव पञ्च कषायशतानि भवन्ति ||८||

sanskrit

[Fifty classes of medicines per their activity profile] Group I-- Consisting of six subgroups of medicines:jeevaniya(vitaliser), brimhaniya(bulk-promoting), lekhaniya (emaciating), bhedaniya(mass-breaking), sandhaniya(union-promoting), and deepaniya(appetizer).; Group II-- Consisting of four subgroups of medicines:balya (tonic), varnya (complexion-promoting),kanthya (beneficial for throat), and hridya (cordial).; Group III-- Comprising of six subgroups of medicines:truptighna (anti-satiety), arshoghna (anti-haemorrhoidal), kushthghna(anti-dermatosis), kandughna (anti-pruritic), krumighna (anthelmintic), and vishaghna (anti-toxic).; Group IV-- Having four subgroups of medicines: stanyajanana(galactogogue), stanyashodhana (galactodepurant), shukrajanana (semen-promoting), and shukrashodhana (semen-depurant).; Group V-- Consisting of seven subgroups of medicines: snehopaga (sub-oleative), swedopaga (sub-diaphoretic), vamanopaga(sub-emetic), virechanopaga (sub-purgative), aasthapanopaga(sub-corrective enemata), anuvasanopaga (sub-unctuous enema), and shirovirechanopaga (sub-errhines).; Group VI-- Comprising of three subgroups of medicines: chhardi nigrahana(anti- emetic), trushna nigrahana(thirst-quenching or thirst-alleviating), and hikka nigrahana(reducing hiccups).; Group VII-- Consisting of five subgroups of medicines: purisha samgrahaniyafaecal astringent), purisha virajaniya (faecal de-pigmenter), mutra samgrahaniya(anti-diuretic), mutra virajaniya(urinary depigmenter), and mutra virechaniya(diuretic).; Group VIII-- Consisting of five subgroups of medicines: kasahara (anti-cough), shwasahara (anti-dyspneic), shothahara(anti-oedema), jwarahara(antipyretic), and shramahara(anti-fatigue).; Group IX-- Consisting of five subgroups of medicines: dahaprashamana (pacifying burning sensation), sheetaprashamana(pacifying cold sensation), udardaprashamana(pacifyingallergies), angamardhaprashamana(pacifying bodyache), and shulaprashamana(pacifying pain).; Group X-- Comprising of five subgroups of medicines:shonitasthapana (haemostatic),vedana sthapana(stopping sensation of pain), sanjnasthapana(regaining consciousness), prajasthapana(promoting conception and implantation of embryo), and vayasthapana(anti-ageing); ------"Thus, fifty classes of medicines have been mentioned for definition and example. Among them, in every class, the ten constituent medicinal herbs will be described further, which will complete the list of five hundred medicinal herbs."

english translation

paJcAzanmahAkaSAyA’ iti yaduktaM tadanuvyAkhyAsyAmaH;tadyathA- jIvanIyo bRMhaNIyo lekhanIyo bhedanIyaH sandhAnIyo dIpanIya iti SaTkaH kaSAyavargaH; balyo varNyaH kaNThyo hRdya iti catuSkaH kaSAyavargaH; tRptighno'rzoghnaH kuSThaghnaH kaNDUghnaH krimighno viSaghna iti SaTkaH kaSAyavargaH; stanyajananaH stanyazodhanaH zukrajananaH zukrazodhana iti catuSkaH kaSAyavargaH; snehopagaH svedopago vamanopago virecanopaga AsthApanopago'nuvAsanopagaH zirovirecanopaga iti saptakaH kaSAyavargaH; chardinigrahaNastRSNAnigrahaNo hikkAnigrahaNa iti trikaH kaSAyavargaH; purISasaGgrahaNIyaH purISavirajanIyo mUtrasaGgrahaNIyo mUtravirajanIyo mUtravirecanIya iti paJcakaH kaSAyavargaH; kAsaharaH zvAsaharaH zothaharo jvaraharaH zramahara iti paJcakaH kaSAyavargaH; dAhaprazamanaH zItaprazamana udardaprazamano'GgamardaprazamanaH zUlaprazamana iti paJcakaH kaSAyavargaH; zoNitasthApano vedanAsthApanaH saJjJAsthApanaH prajAsthApano vayaHsthApana iti paJcakaH kaSAyavargaH; iti paJcAzanmahAkaSAyA mahatAM ca kaSAyANAM lakSaNodAharaNArthaM vyAkhyAtA bhavanti| teSAmekaikasmin mahAkaSAye daza dazAvayavikAn kaSAyAnanuvyAkhyAsyAmaH; tAnyeva paJca kaSAyazatAni bhavanti ||8||

hk transliteration

Chapter 4

Verse 9