Charak Samhita

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तत्राजीर्णिभुक्तभक्तयोर्दोष ऊर्ध्ववहानि स्रोतांस्यावृत्य कासश्वासच्छर्दिप्रतिश्यायाञ्जनयेत्, पीतस्नेहमद्यतोयपातुकामानां कृते चपिबतां मुखनासास्रावाक्ष्युपदेहतिमिरशिरोरोगाञ्जनयेत्, स्नातशिरसः कृते च स्नानाच्छिरसः प्रतिश्यायं, क्षुधार्तस्य वातप्रकोपं,तृष्णार्तस्य पुनस्तृष्णाभिवृद्धिं मुखशोषं च, श्रमार्तमत्तमूर्च्छितानामास्थापनोक्तं दोषं जनयेत्, शस्त्रदण्डहतयोस्तीव्रतरां रुजंजनयेत्, व्यवायव्यायामपानक्लान्तानां शिरःस्कन्धनेत्रोरःपीडनं, नवज्वरशोकाभितप्तयोरूष्मा नेत्रनाडीरनुसृत्य तिमिरं ज्वरवृद्धिंच कुर्यात्, विरिक्तस्य वायुरिन्द्रियोपघातं कुर्यात्, अनुवासितस्य कफः शिरोगुरुत्वकण्डूक्रिमिदोषाञ्जनयेत्, गर्भिण्या गर्भंस्तम्भयेत् स काणः कुणिः पक्षहतः पीठसर्पी वा जायते, नवप्रतिश्यायार्तस्य स्रोतांसि व्यापादयेत्, अनृतौ दुर्दिने च शीतदोषान्पूतिनस्यं शिरोरोगं च जनयेत्; तस्मादेते न शिरोविरेचनार्हाः||२१||

[Adverse effects of shirovirechana in contra-indicated conditions] Shirovirechana applied in the case of indigestion and full stomach causes the occlusion of the channels moving upwards by vitiated dosha which further leads to manifestation of cough, dyspnea, vomiting and coryza. In those who have taken fatty substances or desirous of taking wine or water or take after head-evacuation, shirovirechana gives rise to discharge from mouth and nose, dirt and stickiness in eyes, cataract and head diseases. If the person who has taken head- bath or takes head-bath after the therapy, then it causes the coryza. Application of shirovirechana in a person afflicted with hunger causes aggravation of vata dosha. If it is administered to the person afflicted with thirst then it further increases the thirst and causes the dryness of mouth. Shirovirechana applied in the cases of fatigue, intoxication and fainting produces the same adverse effects as mentioned under the asthapana basti. If this therapy is administered in the persons injured with weapons or stick, it increases the pain. In those exhausted by sexual intercourse, physical exercise and intake of alcohol, it causes pain in head, shoulder, eyes and chest. Shirovirechana applied to those suffering from acute fever and grief causes the heat to spread into the channels of eye, produces the cataract and increases the fever. If this therapy is given to the person who has undergone purgation therapy, then it aggravates vata dosha which may further leads to the damage of the sense organs. Shirovirechana given to the person who has undergone anuvasana basti, causes aggravation of kapha dosha which produces heaviness of head, itching and parasitic infestation. In the case of pregnant woman, this therapy inhibits the growth of the fetus and she gives birth to an offspring who may be blind by one eye, with deformity of upper limbs, hemiplegic and with deformity of lower limbs. Shirovirechana given to the person suffering from acute coryza causes the morbidity of the channels of circulation. If this therapy is given in unsuitable season and on a cloudy day then it causes the diseases due to cold, putrefied rhinitis and head-diseases. Therefore, these persons are not fit for head-evacuation therapy.

english translation

tatrAjIrNibhuktabhaktayordoSa UrdhvavahAni srotAMsyAvRtya kAsazvAsacchardipratizyAyAJjanayet, pItasnehamadyatoyapAtukAmAnAM kRte capibatAM mukhanAsAsrAvAkSyupadehatimirazirorogAJjanayet, snAtazirasaH kRte ca snAnAcchirasaH pratizyAyaM, kSudhArtasya vAtaprakopaM,tRSNArtasya punastRSNAbhivRddhiM mukhazoSaM ca, zramArtamattamUrcchitAnAmAsthApanoktaM doSaM janayet, zastradaNDahatayostIvratarAM rujaMjanayet, vyavAyavyAyAmapAnaklAntAnAM ziraHskandhanetroraHpIDanaM, navajvarazokAbhitaptayorUSmA netranADIranusRtya timiraM jvaravRddhiMca kuryAt, viriktasya vAyurindriyopaghAtaM kuryAt, anuvAsitasya kaphaH zirogurutvakaNDUkrimidoSAJjanayet, garbhiNyA garbhaMstambhayet sa kANaH kuNiH pakSahataH pIThasarpI vA jAyate, navapratizyAyArtasya srotAMsi vyApAdayet, anRtau durdine ca zItadoSAnpUtinasyaM zirorogaM ca janayet; tasmAdete na zirovirecanArhAH||21||

hk transliteration by Sanscript

शेषास्त्वर्हाः, विशेषतस्तु शिरोदन्तमन्यास्तम्भगलहनुग्रहपीनसगलशुण्डिकाशालूकशुक्रतिमिरवर्त्मरोगव्यङ्गो पजिह्विकार्धावभेदकग्रीवास्कन्धांसास्यनासिकाकर्णाक्षिमूर्धकपालशिरोरोगार्दितापतन्त्रकापतानकगलगण्ड-दन्तशूलहर्षचालाक्षिराज्यर्बुदस्वरभेदवाग्ग्रहगद्गदक्रथनादय ऊर्ध्वजत्रुगताश्चवातादिविकाराः परिपक्वाश्च; एतेषु शिरोविरेचनंप्रधानतममित्युक्तं, तद्ध्युत्तमाङ्गमनुप्रविश्य मुञ्जादीषिकामिवासक्तां केवलं विकारकरं दोषमपकर्षति||२२||

[Indications of shirovirechana] The persons other than above mentioned are fit for shirovirechana (head-evacuation therapy). It is especially useful in the conditions mentioned in the table given below: Serial No. Disease or State (in which shirovirechana is indicated)- Translation in English; 1 Shirostambha- Stiffness of head; 2 Dantastambha- Stiffness of teeth; 3 Manyaastambha- Torticollis; 4 Galagraha- Spasm of the throat; 5 Hanugraha- Lock-jaw; 6 Peenasa- Chronic coryza; 7 Galashundika- Tonsillitis; 8 Galashaaluka- Tumor in the throat; 9 Shukra-roga- Disorder of cornea; 10 Timira- Cataract, Disorder of vision; 11 Vartma-roga- Disorders of eye-lids; 12 Vyanga-roga- Freckles; 13 Upajihvika- Uvulitis; 14 Ardhavabhedaka- Hemicrania, migraine; 15 Greeva-roga- Diseases of the neck; 16 Skandha-roga- Diseases of the shoulders; 17 Amsa-roga- Diseases of the scapula; 18 Asya-roga- Diseases of the mouth; 19 Nasika-roga- Diseases of the nose; 20 Karna-roga- Diseases of the ears; 21 Akshi-roga- Diseases of the eyes; 22 Murdha-roga Diseases of the cranium; 23 Kapala-roga- Diseases of the forehead; 24 Shiroroga- Diseases of the head; 25 Ardita- Facial paralysis; 26 Apatantraka- Convulsions with unconsciousness; 27 Apatanaka- Convulsions with consciousness; 28 Galagandha- Goitre; 29 Dantashula- Toothache; 30 Dantaharsha- Tingling sensation of teeth; 31 Dantachala- Looseness of teeth; 32 Akshiraji- Streaks in eye; 33 Arbuda- Tumor; 34 Svarabheda- Hoarseness of voice; 35 Vaggraha- Obstructed speech; 36 Gadgad- Spasmodic speech; 37 Krathana-adayah- Stammering etc.; 38 Urdhvajatrugatashcha vatadi vikarah paripakvashcha- Diseases of the part above clavicle caused by aggravation of vata etc. dosha and which are free from ama dosha; In these conditions, head-evacuation is the foremost therapy as it entering into the head eliminates the entire pathogenic impurities like fibrous coating of munja (a type of grass) from the pith (ishika).

english translation

zeSAstvarhAH, vizeSatastu zirodantamanyAstambhagalahanugrahapInasagalazuNDikAzAlUkazukratimiravartmarogavyaGgo pajihvikArdhAvabhedakagrIvAskandhAMsAsyanAsikAkarNAkSimUrdhakapAlazirorogArditApatantrakApatAnakagalagaNDa-dantazUlaharSacAlAkSirAjyarbudasvarabhedavAggrahagadgadakrathanAdaya UrdhvajatrugatAzcavAtAdivikArAH paripakvAzca; eteSu zirovirecanaMpradhAnatamamityuktaM, taddhyuttamAGgamanupravizya muJjAdISikAmivAsaktAM kevalaM vikArakaraM doSamapakarSati||22||

hk transliteration by Sanscript

प्रावृट्शरद्वसन्तेतरेष्वात्ययिकेषु रोगेषु नावनं कुर्यात् कृत्रिमगुणोपधानात्; ग्रीष्मे पूर्वाह्णे, शीते मध्याह्ने, वर्षास्वदुर्दिने चेति||२३||

[Consideration of appropriate time for shirovirechana in emergency conditions] In the case of emergency, shirovirechana (head-evacuation therapy) should be given in the season other than pravriṭ (early rain), Sharad (autumn) and Vasanta (spring) by arranging environment artificially. In summer, it should be applied in the morning, in winter during noon time and in rainy season when sky is free from clouds.

english translation

prAvRTzaradvasantetareSvAtyayikeSu rogeSu nAvanaM kuryAt kRtrimaguNopadhAnAt; grISme pUrvAhNe, zIte madhyAhne, varSAsvadurdine ceti||23||

hk transliteration by Sanscript

तत्र श्लोकाः- इति पञ्चविधं कर्म विस्तरेण निदर्शितम्| येभ्यो यन्न हितं यस्मात् कर्म येभ्यश्च यद्धितम्||२४||

[Summary] Now the summing up verses:- Thus, the Panchakarma has been described in detail in following sub-headings- Contra-indications of each of the karma (therapy) along with reasoning; Indications of each of the karma (therapy) of Panchakarma.

english translation

tatra zlokAH- iti paJcavidhaM karma vistareNa nidarzitam| yebhyo yanna hitaM yasmAt karma yebhyazca yaddhitam||24||

hk transliteration by Sanscript

न चैकान्तेन निर्दिष्टेऽप्यर्थेऽभिनिविशेद्बुधः| स्वयमप्यत्र वैद्येन तर्क्यं बुद्धिमता भवेत्||२५||

The wise physician should not blindly follow the general instructions laid down in this chapter in the form of conclusions but he should decide rationally using his own discretion because condition may arise due to the nature of place,

english translation

na caikAntena nirdiSTe'pyarthe'bhinivizedbudhaH| svayamapyatra vaidyena tarkyaM buddhimatA bhavet||25||

hk transliteration by Sanscript