Charak Samhita

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पक्वाशयं तु प्राप्तस्य शोष्यमाणस्य वह्निना| परिपिण्डितपक्वस्य वायुः स्यात् कटुभावतः||११||

sanskrit

When the pakva part (the non-absorbable remnant part after the absorption of the nutrients), reaches the pakvashaya (the colon), the drying effect of agni converts it into a solid mass. There also occurs the release of vata which is katu (pungent) state

english translation

pakvAzayaM tu prAptasya zoSyamANasya vahninA| paripiNDitapakvasya vAyuH syAt kaTubhAvataH||11||

hk transliteration

अन्नमिष्टं ह्युपहितमिष्टैर्गन्धादिभिः पृथक्| देहे प्रीणाति गन्धादीन् घ्राणादीनीन्द्रियाणि च||१२||

sanskrit

[Second phase of digestion by panchamahabhuta] The food that possesses pleasant smell (taste, appearance, consistency,) etc., nourishes the similar entities in the body such as the sensory organs of smell by gandha etc (e.g. taste, vision, touch etc senses by respective mahabhuta)

english translation

annamiSTaM hyupahitamiSTairgandhAdibhiH pRthak| dehe prINAti gandhAdIn ghrANAdInIndriyANi ca||12||

hk transliteration

भौमाप्याग्नेयवायव्याः पञ्चोष्माणः सनाभसाः| पञ्चाहारगुणान्स्वान्स्वान्पार्थिवादीन्पचन्ति हि||१३||

sanskrit

There are five types of agni namely, bhauma, apya, agneya, vayavya and nabhasa. These five bhutagni are one of each mahabhuta transform/metabolize those components of the food that are homologous to them in their composition of structure of human organism. (such as parthiva, apya etc)

english translation

bhaumApyAgneyavAyavyAH paJcoSmANaH sanAbhasAH| paJcAhAraguNAnsvAnsvAnpArthivAdInpacanti hi||13||

hk transliteration

यथास्वं स्वं च पुष्णन्ति देहे द्रव्यगुणाः पृथक्| पार्थिवाः पार्थिवानेव शेषाः शेषांश्च कृत्स्नशः||१४||

sanskrit

Specific categories of entities in the body having specific attributes can be nourished by only those substances that belong to the same category having those same attributes. This means that parthiva entities in the body (one that is dominated by prithvi mahabhuta in its composition) can be nourished only by the parthiva substances in the food and so on. The same rule applies to the whole body

english translation

yathAsvaM svaM ca puSNanti dehe dravyaguNAH pRthak| pArthivAH pArthivAneva zeSAH zeSAMzca kRtsnazaH||14||

hk transliteration

सप्तभिर्देहधातारो धातवो द्विविधं पुनः| यथास्वमग्निभिः पाकं यान्ति किट्टप्रसादवत् ||१५||

sanskrit

[Third phase of digestion and metabolism at level of dhatu] Further, the seven components that sustain the body, known as dhatu (tissues), are metabolized/transformed into two kinds of products known as sara (nutrition) and kitta (waste). This process is the function of seven specific entities known as dhatvagni; each dhatvagni is specific for its corresponding dhatu

english translation

saptabhirdehadhAtAro dhAtavo dvividhaM punaH| yathAsvamagnibhiH pAkaM yAnti kiTTaprasAdavat ||15||

hk transliteration