Arthashastra
Progress:95.3%
पूर्वं पश्चाद् वा अभिगतस्य साक्षिणः प्रमाणम्, असाक्षिके घातः कलह उपलिङ्गनं वा ॥
for whether a complaint is lodged first or last, it is the evidence of witnesses that must be depended upon. In the absence of witnesses, the nature of the hurt and other circumstances connected with the quarrel in question shall be evidences.
english translation
pUrvaM pazcAd vA abhigatasya sAkSiNaH pramANam, asAkSike ghAtaH kalaha upaliGganaM vA ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptघात अभियोगम् अप्रतिब्रुवतस् तद् अहर् एव पश्चात् कारः ॥
Sentence of punishment shall be passed the very day that a defendant accused of assault fails to answer the charge made against him.
english translation
ghAta abhiyogam apratibruvatas tad ahar eva pazcAt kAraH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptकलहे द्रव्यम् अपहरतो दश पणो दण्डः, क्षुद्रक द्रव्य हिंसायां तच् च तावच् च दण्डः, स्थूलक द्रव्य हिंसायां तच् च द्वि गुणश् च दण्डः, वस्त्र आभरण हिरण्य सुवर्ण भाण्ड हिंसायां तच् च पूर्वश् च साहस दण्डः ॥
(Robbery in quarrels.) A person stealing anything under the tumult of a quarrel shall be fined 10 panas. Destruction of articles of small value shall be punished with a fine equal to the value of the articles besides the payment (to the sufferer) of an adequate compensation. Destruction of big things with a compensation equal to the value of the articles and a fine equal to twice the value. In the case of destruction of such things as clothes, gold, gold-coins, and vessels or merchandise, the first amercement together with the value of the articles shall be levied.
english translation
kalahe dravyam apaharato daza paNo daNDaH, kSudraka dravya hiMsAyAM tac ca tAvac ca daNDaH, sthUlaka dravya hiMsAyAM tac ca dvi guNaz ca daNDaH, vastra AbharaNa hiraNya suvarNa bhANDa hiMsAyAM tac ca pUrvaz ca sAhasa daNDaH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptपर कुड्यम् अभिघातेन क्षोभयतस् त्रि पणो दण्डः, छेदन भेदने षट् पणः, प्रतीकारश् च ॥
Causing damage to a wall of another man's house by knocking shall be fined 3 panas; breaking open or demolishing the same shall be fined 6 panas, besides the restoration of the wall.
english translation
para kuDyam abhighAtena kSobhayatas tri paNo daNDaH, chedana bhedane SaT paNaH, pratIkAraz ca ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptदुःख उत्पादनं द्रव्यम् अन्य वेश्मनि प्रक्षिपतो द्वादश पणो दण्डः, प्राण आबाधिकं पूर्वः साहस दण्डः ॥
Throwing harmful things inside the house of a man shall be fined 12 panas; and throwing such things as endanger the lives of the inmates shall be punished with the first amercement.
english translation
duHkha utpAdanaM dravyam anya vezmani prakSipato dvAdaza paNo daNDaH, prANa AbAdhikaM pUrvaH sAhasa daNDaH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscript1.
दीवानी और फौजदारी
Determination Of Forms Of Agreement; Determination Of Legal Disputes.
2.
विवाह कानून
Concerning Marriage. The Duty Of Marriage, The Property Of A Woman, And Compensations For Remarriage.
3.
स्त्रीधर्म
The Duty Of A Wife; Maintenance Of A Woman; Cruelty To Women; Enmity Between Husband And Wife; A Wife's Transgression; Her Kindness To Another; And Forbidden Transactions.
4.
भ्रमण और पलायन
Vagrancy, Elopement And Short And Long Sojournments.
5.
मुकदमे संबंधी विचार
Division Of Inheritance.
6.
दायभाग
Special Shares In Inheritance.
7.
बटवारा
Distinction Between Sons.
8.
भवन
Buildings.
9.
वस्तु विक्रय
Sale Of Buildings, Boundary Disputes, Determination Of Boundaries, And Miscellaneous Hindrances.
10.
पशुवों के चारागाह आदि
Destruction Of Pasture-Lands, Fields And Roads, And Non-Performance Of Agreements.
11.
कर्ज लेना और देना
Recovery Of Debts.
12.
धरोहर
Concerning Deposits.
13.
मजदूरों का विपय
Rules Regarding Slaves And Labourers.
14.
श्रमसहकार
Rules Regarding Labourers; And Co-Operative Undertaking.
15.
वेचने और नहीं बेचने सम्बन्धी वाद विवाद
Rescission Of Purchase And Sale.
16.
स्वामित्व और उपहार-वापसी
Resumption Of Gifts, Sale Without Ownership And Ownership.
17.
डकैती
Robbery.
18.
गाली गलौज
Defamation.
मारपीट
Assault.
20.
जुआ तथा अन्य अपराधों का वर्णन
Gambling And Betting And Miscellaneous Offences.
Progress:95.3%
पूर्वं पश्चाद् वा अभिगतस्य साक्षिणः प्रमाणम्, असाक्षिके घातः कलह उपलिङ्गनं वा ॥
for whether a complaint is lodged first or last, it is the evidence of witnesses that must be depended upon. In the absence of witnesses, the nature of the hurt and other circumstances connected with the quarrel in question shall be evidences.
english translation
pUrvaM pazcAd vA abhigatasya sAkSiNaH pramANam, asAkSike ghAtaH kalaha upaliGganaM vA ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptघात अभियोगम् अप्रतिब्रुवतस् तद् अहर् एव पश्चात् कारः ॥
Sentence of punishment shall be passed the very day that a defendant accused of assault fails to answer the charge made against him.
english translation
ghAta abhiyogam apratibruvatas tad ahar eva pazcAt kAraH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptकलहे द्रव्यम् अपहरतो दश पणो दण्डः, क्षुद्रक द्रव्य हिंसायां तच् च तावच् च दण्डः, स्थूलक द्रव्य हिंसायां तच् च द्वि गुणश् च दण्डः, वस्त्र आभरण हिरण्य सुवर्ण भाण्ड हिंसायां तच् च पूर्वश् च साहस दण्डः ॥
(Robbery in quarrels.) A person stealing anything under the tumult of a quarrel shall be fined 10 panas. Destruction of articles of small value shall be punished with a fine equal to the value of the articles besides the payment (to the sufferer) of an adequate compensation. Destruction of big things with a compensation equal to the value of the articles and a fine equal to twice the value. In the case of destruction of such things as clothes, gold, gold-coins, and vessels or merchandise, the first amercement together with the value of the articles shall be levied.
english translation
kalahe dravyam apaharato daza paNo daNDaH, kSudraka dravya hiMsAyAM tac ca tAvac ca daNDaH, sthUlaka dravya hiMsAyAM tac ca dvi guNaz ca daNDaH, vastra AbharaNa hiraNya suvarNa bhANDa hiMsAyAM tac ca pUrvaz ca sAhasa daNDaH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptपर कुड्यम् अभिघातेन क्षोभयतस् त्रि पणो दण्डः, छेदन भेदने षट् पणः, प्रतीकारश् च ॥
Causing damage to a wall of another man's house by knocking shall be fined 3 panas; breaking open or demolishing the same shall be fined 6 panas, besides the restoration of the wall.
english translation
para kuDyam abhighAtena kSobhayatas tri paNo daNDaH, chedana bhedane SaT paNaH, pratIkAraz ca ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptदुःख उत्पादनं द्रव्यम् अन्य वेश्मनि प्रक्षिपतो द्वादश पणो दण्डः, प्राण आबाधिकं पूर्वः साहस दण्डः ॥
Throwing harmful things inside the house of a man shall be fined 12 panas; and throwing such things as endanger the lives of the inmates shall be punished with the first amercement.
english translation
duHkha utpAdanaM dravyam anya vezmani prakSipato dvAdaza paNo daNDaH, prANa AbAdhikaM pUrvaH sAhasa daNDaH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscript