Arthashastra
Progress:62.8%
उपस्थितस्य आधिम् अप्रयच्छतो द्वादशण्पणो दण्डः ॥
The pledgee who does not re-convey the pledge when the debtor is ready for it shall be fined 12 panas.
english translation
upasthitasya Adhim aprayacchato dvAdazaNpaNo daNDaH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptप्रयोजक असम्निधाने वा ग्राम वृद्धेषु स्थापयित्वा निष्क्रयम् आधिं प्रतिपद्येत ॥
In the absence of the creditor or mediator (prayojahásannidhána), the amount of the debt may be kept in the custody of the elders of the village and the debtor may have the pledged property redeemed.
english translation
prayojaka asamnidhAne vA grAma vRddheSu sthApayitvA niSkrayam AdhiM pratipadyeta ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptनिवृत्त वृद्धिको वा आधिस् तत् काल कृत मूल्यस् तत्र एव अवतिष्ठेत, अनाश विनाश करण अधिष्ठितो वा ॥
or with its value fixed at the time and with no interest chargeable for the future, the pledge may be left where it is.
english translation
nivRtta vRddhiko vA Adhis tat kAla kRta mUlyas tatra eva avatiSTheta, anAza vinAza karaNa adhiSThito vA ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptधारणिक असम्निधाने वा विनाश भयाद् उद्गत अर्घं धर्मस्थ अनुज्ञातो विक्रीणीत, आधि पाल प्रत्ययो वा ॥
When there is any rise in the value of the pledge or when it is apprehended that it may be depriciated or lost in the near future, the pledgee may, with permission from the judges (dharmasthas), or on the evidence furnished by the officer in charge of pledges (ádhipálapratyayo vá), sell the pledge either in the presence of the debtor or under the presidency of experts who can see whether such apprehension is justified.
english translation
dhAraNika asamnidhAne vA vinAza bhayAd udgata arghaM dharmastha anujJAto vikrINIta, Adhi pAla pratyayo vA ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptस्थावरस् तु प्रयास भोग्यः फल भोग्यो वा प्रक्षेप वृद्धि मूल्य शुद्धम् आजीवम् अमूल्य क्षयेण उपनयेत् ॥
An immovable property, pledged and enjoyable with or without labour (prayásabhogyhah phalabhogyová), shall not be caused to deteriorate in value while yielding interest on the money lent, and profit on the expenses incurred in maintaining it.
english translation
sthAvaras tu prayAsa bhogyaH phala bhogyo vA prakSepa vRddhi mUlya zuddham AjIvam amUlya kSayeNa upanayet ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscript1.
दीवानी और फौजदारी
Determination Of Forms Of Agreement; Determination Of Legal Disputes.
2.
विवाह कानून
Concerning Marriage. The Duty Of Marriage, The Property Of A Woman, And Compensations For Remarriage.
3.
स्त्रीधर्म
The Duty Of A Wife; Maintenance Of A Woman; Cruelty To Women; Enmity Between Husband And Wife; A Wife's Transgression; Her Kindness To Another; And Forbidden Transactions.
4.
भ्रमण और पलायन
Vagrancy, Elopement And Short And Long Sojournments.
5.
मुकदमे संबंधी विचार
Division Of Inheritance.
6.
दायभाग
Special Shares In Inheritance.
7.
बटवारा
Distinction Between Sons.
8.
भवन
Buildings.
9.
वस्तु विक्रय
Sale Of Buildings, Boundary Disputes, Determination Of Boundaries, And Miscellaneous Hindrances.
10.
पशुवों के चारागाह आदि
Destruction Of Pasture-Lands, Fields And Roads, And Non-Performance Of Agreements.
11.
कर्ज लेना और देना
Recovery Of Debts.
धरोहर
Concerning Deposits.
13.
मजदूरों का विपय
Rules Regarding Slaves And Labourers.
14.
श्रमसहकार
Rules Regarding Labourers; And Co-Operative Undertaking.
15.
वेचने और नहीं बेचने सम्बन्धी वाद विवाद
Rescission Of Purchase And Sale.
16.
स्वामित्व और उपहार-वापसी
Resumption Of Gifts, Sale Without Ownership And Ownership.
17.
डकैती
Robbery.
18.
गाली गलौज
Defamation.
19.
मारपीट
Assault.
20.
जुआ तथा अन्य अपराधों का वर्णन
Gambling And Betting And Miscellaneous Offences.
Progress:62.8%
उपस्थितस्य आधिम् अप्रयच्छतो द्वादशण्पणो दण्डः ॥
The pledgee who does not re-convey the pledge when the debtor is ready for it shall be fined 12 panas.
english translation
upasthitasya Adhim aprayacchato dvAdazaNpaNo daNDaH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptप्रयोजक असम्निधाने वा ग्राम वृद्धेषु स्थापयित्वा निष्क्रयम् आधिं प्रतिपद्येत ॥
In the absence of the creditor or mediator (prayojahásannidhána), the amount of the debt may be kept in the custody of the elders of the village and the debtor may have the pledged property redeemed.
english translation
prayojaka asamnidhAne vA grAma vRddheSu sthApayitvA niSkrayam AdhiM pratipadyeta ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptनिवृत्त वृद्धिको वा आधिस् तत् काल कृत मूल्यस् तत्र एव अवतिष्ठेत, अनाश विनाश करण अधिष्ठितो वा ॥
or with its value fixed at the time and with no interest chargeable for the future, the pledge may be left where it is.
english translation
nivRtta vRddhiko vA Adhis tat kAla kRta mUlyas tatra eva avatiSTheta, anAza vinAza karaNa adhiSThito vA ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptधारणिक असम्निधाने वा विनाश भयाद् उद्गत अर्घं धर्मस्थ अनुज्ञातो विक्रीणीत, आधि पाल प्रत्ययो वा ॥
When there is any rise in the value of the pledge or when it is apprehended that it may be depriciated or lost in the near future, the pledgee may, with permission from the judges (dharmasthas), or on the evidence furnished by the officer in charge of pledges (ádhipálapratyayo vá), sell the pledge either in the presence of the debtor or under the presidency of experts who can see whether such apprehension is justified.
english translation
dhAraNika asamnidhAne vA vinAza bhayAd udgata arghaM dharmastha anujJAto vikrINIta, Adhi pAla pratyayo vA ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptस्थावरस् तु प्रयास भोग्यः फल भोग्यो वा प्रक्षेप वृद्धि मूल्य शुद्धम् आजीवम् अमूल्य क्षयेण उपनयेत् ॥
An immovable property, pledged and enjoyable with or without labour (prayásabhogyhah phalabhogyová), shall not be caused to deteriorate in value while yielding interest on the money lent, and profit on the expenses incurred in maintaining it.
english translation
sthAvaras tu prayAsa bhogyaH phala bhogyo vA prakSepa vRddhi mUlya zuddham AjIvam amUlya kSayeNa upanayet ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscript