Arthashastra
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पशु प्रचार अर्थं विवीतम् आलवनेन उपजीवेयुः ॥
(Trespassing cattle.) Pasture lands, plains, and forests may be availed of for grazing cattle.
english translation
pazu pracAra arthaM vivItam Alavanena upajIveyuH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptविवीतं भक्षयित्वा अपसृतानाम् उष्ट्र महिषाणां पादिकं रूपं गृह्णीयुः, गव अश्व खराणां च अर्ध पादिकम्, क्षुद्र पशूनां षोडश भागिकम् ॥
For camels or buffaloes allowed to stray after grazing in pasture grounds, the fine shall be ¼th of a pana; for cows, horses, or asses, 1/8th of a pana; for inferior quadrupeds 1/16th of a pana;
english translation
vivItaM bhakSayitvA apasRtAnAm uSTra mahiSANAM pAdikaM rUpaM gRhNIyuH, gava azva kharANAM ca ardha pAdikam, kSudra pazUnAM SoDaza bhAgikam ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptभक्षयित्वा निषण्णानाम् एत एव द्वि गुणा दण्डाः, परिवसतां चतुर् गुणाः ॥
and for cattle found lying thereon after grazing, fines shall be double the above; for cattle ever found to live in the vicinity of pasture grounds, the fines shall be four times the above.
english translation
bhakSayitvA niSaNNAnAm eta eva dvi guNA daNDAH, parivasatAM catur guNAH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptग्राम देव वृषा वा अनिर्दश अहा वा धेनुर् उक्षाणो गो वृषाश् च अदण्ड्याः ॥
Bulls, let out in the name of the village deity (grámadevavrishah), cows which have not passed ten days inside the enclosure after calving, or bulls or bullocks kept for crossing cows shall not be punished.
english translation
grAma deva vRSA vA anirdaza ahA vA dhenur ukSANo go vRSAz ca adaNDyAH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptसस्य भक्षणे सस्य उपघातं निष्पत्तितः परिसंख्याय द्वि गुणं दापयेत् ॥
If crops are eaten away by animals, the owner or owners of them shall, if proved guilty, be made to pay twice as much as the loss.
english translation
sasya bhakSaNe sasya upaghAtaM niSpattitaH parisaMkhyAya dvi guNaM dApayet ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscript