Arthashastra
Progress:1.6%
मिथः समवाये च उपह्वर कृताः सिध्येयुः ॥
Agreements entered into by members of any association among themselves shall be valid though entered into in private. Such agreements (i.e., those entered into in seclusion, etc.) except as detailed above shall be void.
english translation
mithaH samavAye ca upahvara kRtAH sidhyeyuH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptअतो अन्यथा न सिध्येयुः, अपाश्रयवद्भिश् च कृताः, पितृमता पुत्रेण, पित्रा पुत्रवता, निष्कुलेन भ्रात्रा, कनिष्ठेन अविभक्त अंशेन, पतिमत्या पुत्रवत्या च स्त्रिया, दास आहितकाभ्याम्, अप्राप्त अतीत व्यवहाराभ्याम्, अभिशस्त प्रव्रजित न्यङ्ग व्यसनिभिश् च, अन्यत्र निषृष्ट व्यवहारेभ्यः ॥
So also agreements entered into by dependent or unauthorised persons, such as a father's mother, a son, a father having a son, an outcast brother, the youngest brother of a family of undivided interests, a wife having her husband or son, a slave, a hired labourer, any person who is too young or too old to carry on business, a convict (abhisasta), a cripple, or an afflicted person, shall not be valid. But it would be otherwise if he were authorised.
english translation
ato anyathA na sidhyeyuH, apAzrayavadbhiz ca kRtAH, pitRmatA putreNa, pitrA putravatA, niSkulena bhrAtrA, kaniSThena avibhakta aMzena, patimatyA putravatyA ca striyA, dAsa AhitakAbhyAm, aprApta atIta vyavahArAbhyAm, abhizasta pravrajita nyaGga vyasanibhiz ca, anyatra niSRSTa vyavahArebhyaH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptतत्र अपि क्रुद्धेन आर्तेन मत्तेन उन्मत्तेन अवगृहीतेन वा कृता व्यवहारा न सिध्येयुः ॥
Even agreements entered into by an authorised person shall be void if he was at the time (of making the agreements) under provocation, anxiety, or intoxication, or if he was a lunatic or a haunted person.
english translation
tatra api kruddhena Artena mattena unmattena avagRhItena vA kRtA vyavahArA na sidhyeyuH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptकर्तृ कारयितृ श्रोतृऋणां पृथग् यथा उक्ता दण्डाः ॥
In all these cases, the proposer, his accessory, and witnesses shall each be punished as specified above.
english translation
kartR kArayitR zrotRRNAM pRthag yathA uktA daNDAH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptस्वे स्वे तु वर्गे देशे काले च स्व करण कृताः सम्पूर्ण आचाराः शुद्ध देशा दृष्ट रूप लक्षण प्रमाण गुणाः सर्व व्यवहाराः सिध्येयुः ॥
But such agreements as are entered into in person by any one with others of his own community in suitable place and time are valid provided the circumstances, the nature, the description, and the qualities of the case are credible.
english translation
sve sve tu varge deze kAle ca sva karaNa kRtAH sampUrNa AcArAH zuddha dezA dRSTa rUpa lakSaNa pramANa guNAH sarva vyavahArAH sidhyeyuH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptदीवानी और फौजदारी
Determination Of Forms Of Agreement; Determination Of Legal Disputes.
2.
विवाह कानून
Concerning Marriage. The Duty Of Marriage, The Property Of A Woman, And Compensations For Remarriage.
3.
स्त्रीधर्म
The Duty Of A Wife; Maintenance Of A Woman; Cruelty To Women; Enmity Between Husband And Wife; A Wife's Transgression; Her Kindness To Another; And Forbidden Transactions.
4.
भ्रमण और पलायन
Vagrancy, Elopement And Short And Long Sojournments.
5.
मुकदमे संबंधी विचार
Division Of Inheritance.
6.
दायभाग
Special Shares In Inheritance.
7.
बटवारा
Distinction Between Sons.
8.
भवन
Buildings.
9.
वस्तु विक्रय
Sale Of Buildings, Boundary Disputes, Determination Of Boundaries, And Miscellaneous Hindrances.
10.
पशुवों के चारागाह आदि
Destruction Of Pasture-Lands, Fields And Roads, And Non-Performance Of Agreements.
11.
कर्ज लेना और देना
Recovery Of Debts.
12.
धरोहर
Concerning Deposits.
13.
मजदूरों का विपय
Rules Regarding Slaves And Labourers.
14.
श्रमसहकार
Rules Regarding Labourers; And Co-Operative Undertaking.
15.
वेचने और नहीं बेचने सम्बन्धी वाद विवाद
Rescission Of Purchase And Sale.
16.
स्वामित्व और उपहार-वापसी
Resumption Of Gifts, Sale Without Ownership And Ownership.
17.
डकैती
Robbery.
18.
गाली गलौज
Defamation.
19.
मारपीट
Assault.
20.
जुआ तथा अन्य अपराधों का वर्णन
Gambling And Betting And Miscellaneous Offences.
Progress:1.6%
मिथः समवाये च उपह्वर कृताः सिध्येयुः ॥
Agreements entered into by members of any association among themselves shall be valid though entered into in private. Such agreements (i.e., those entered into in seclusion, etc.) except as detailed above shall be void.
english translation
mithaH samavAye ca upahvara kRtAH sidhyeyuH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptअतो अन्यथा न सिध्येयुः, अपाश्रयवद्भिश् च कृताः, पितृमता पुत्रेण, पित्रा पुत्रवता, निष्कुलेन भ्रात्रा, कनिष्ठेन अविभक्त अंशेन, पतिमत्या पुत्रवत्या च स्त्रिया, दास आहितकाभ्याम्, अप्राप्त अतीत व्यवहाराभ्याम्, अभिशस्त प्रव्रजित न्यङ्ग व्यसनिभिश् च, अन्यत्र निषृष्ट व्यवहारेभ्यः ॥
So also agreements entered into by dependent or unauthorised persons, such as a father's mother, a son, a father having a son, an outcast brother, the youngest brother of a family of undivided interests, a wife having her husband or son, a slave, a hired labourer, any person who is too young or too old to carry on business, a convict (abhisasta), a cripple, or an afflicted person, shall not be valid. But it would be otherwise if he were authorised.
english translation
ato anyathA na sidhyeyuH, apAzrayavadbhiz ca kRtAH, pitRmatA putreNa, pitrA putravatA, niSkulena bhrAtrA, kaniSThena avibhakta aMzena, patimatyA putravatyA ca striyA, dAsa AhitakAbhyAm, aprApta atIta vyavahArAbhyAm, abhizasta pravrajita nyaGga vyasanibhiz ca, anyatra niSRSTa vyavahArebhyaH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptतत्र अपि क्रुद्धेन आर्तेन मत्तेन उन्मत्तेन अवगृहीतेन वा कृता व्यवहारा न सिध्येयुः ॥
Even agreements entered into by an authorised person shall be void if he was at the time (of making the agreements) under provocation, anxiety, or intoxication, or if he was a lunatic or a haunted person.
english translation
tatra api kruddhena Artena mattena unmattena avagRhItena vA kRtA vyavahArA na sidhyeyuH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptकर्तृ कारयितृ श्रोतृऋणां पृथग् यथा उक्ता दण्डाः ॥
In all these cases, the proposer, his accessory, and witnesses shall each be punished as specified above.
english translation
kartR kArayitR zrotRRNAM pRthag yathA uktA daNDAH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptस्वे स्वे तु वर्गे देशे काले च स्व करण कृताः सम्पूर्ण आचाराः शुद्ध देशा दृष्ट रूप लक्षण प्रमाण गुणाः सर्व व्यवहाराः सिध्येयुः ॥
But such agreements as are entered into in person by any one with others of his own community in suitable place and time are valid provided the circumstances, the nature, the description, and the qualities of the case are credible.
english translation
sve sve tu varge deze kAle ca sva karaNa kRtAH sampUrNa AcArAH zuddha dezA dRSTa rUpa lakSaNa pramANa guNAH sarva vyavahArAH sidhyeyuH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscript