Arthashastra

siva.sh/arthashastra/adhyaksa-pracara/32/6

औपवाह्यो अष्ट विध आचरणः कुञ्जर औपवाह्यो धोरण आधान गतिको यष्ट्य् उपवाह्यस् तोत्र उपवाह्यः शुद्ध उपवाह्यो मार्गयुकश् च इति ॥

sanskrit

Elephants trained for riding fall under seven groups: that which suffers a man to mount over it when in company with another elephant (kunjaropaváhya), that which suffers riding when led by a warlike elephant (sánnáhyopaváhya), that which is taught trotting (dhorana), that which is taught various kinds of movements (ádhánagatika), that which can be made to move by using a staff (yashtyupaváhya), that which can be made to move by using an iron hook (totropaváhya), that which can be made to move without whips (suddhopaváhya), and that which is of help in hunting.

english translation

aupavAhyo aSTa vidha AcaraNaH kuJjara aupavAhyo dhoraNa AdhAna gatiko yaSTy upavAhyas totra upavAhyaH zuddha upavAhyo mArgayukaz ca iti ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript

siva.sh/arthashastra/adhyaksa-pracara/32/6

औपवाह्यो अष्ट विध आचरणः कुञ्जर औपवाह्यो धोरण आधान गतिको यष्ट्य् उपवाह्यस् तोत्र उपवाह्यः शुद्ध उपवाह्यो मार्गयुकश् च इति ॥

sanskrit

Elephants trained for riding fall under seven groups: that which suffers a man to mount over it when in company with another elephant (kunjaropaváhya), that which suffers riding when led by a warlike elephant (sánnáhyopaváhya), that which is taught trotting (dhorana), that which is taught various kinds of movements (ádhánagatika), that which can be made to move by using a staff (yashtyupaváhya), that which can be made to move by using an iron hook (totropaváhya), that which can be made to move without whips (suddhopaváhya), and that which is of help in hunting.

english translation

aupavAhyo aSTa vidha AcaraNaH kuJjara aupavAhyo dhoraNa AdhAna gatiko yaSTy upavAhyas totra upavAhyaH zuddha upavAhyo mArgayukaz ca iti ॥

hk transliteration by Sanscript