Arthashastra
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वर्ष त्रि भागः पूर्व पश्चिम मासयोः, द्वौ त्रि भागौ मध्यमयोः सुषमा रूपम् ॥
When one-third of the requisite quantity of rain falls both during the commencement and closing months of the rainy season and two-thirds in the middle, then the rainfall is (considered) very even (sushumárúpam).
english translation
varSa tri bhAgaH pUrva pazcima mAsayoH, dvau tri bhAgau madhyamayoH suSamA rUpam ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptतस्य उपलधिर् बृहस्पतेः स्थान गमन गर्भ आधानेभ्यः शुक्र उदय अस्तमय चारेभ्यः सूर्यस्य प्रकृति वैकृताच् च ॥
A forecast of such rainfall can be made by observing the position, motion, and pregnancy (garbhádána) of the Jupiter (Brihaspati), the rise and set and motion of the Venus, and the natural or unnatural aspect of the sun.
english translation
tasya upaladhir bRhaspateH sthAna gamana garbha AdhAnebhyaH zukra udaya astamaya cArebhyaH sUryasya prakRti vaikRtAc ca ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptसूर्याद् बीज सिद्धिः, बृहस्पतेः सस्यानां स्तम्ब कारिता, शुक्राद् वृष्टिः । इति ॥
From the sun, the sprouting of the seeds can be inferred; from (the position of) the Jupiter, the formation of grains (stambakarita) can be inferred; and from the movements of the Venus, rainfall can be inferred.
english translation
sUryAd bIja siddhiH, bRhaspateH sasyAnAM stamba kAritA, zukrAd vRSTiH । iti ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptत्रयः सप्त अहिका मेघा अशीतिः कण शीकराः । षष्टिर् आतप मेघानाम् एषा वृष्टिः समा हिता ॥
Three are the clouds that continuously rain for seven days; eighty are they that pour minute drops; and sixty are they that appear with the sunshine--this is termed rainfall.
english translation
trayaH sapta ahikA meghA azItiH kaNa zIkarAH । SaSTir Atapa meghAnAm eSA vRSTiH samA hitA ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptवातम् आतप योगं च विभजन् यत्र वर्षति । त्रीन् करीषांश् च जनयंस् तत्र सस्य आगमो ध्रुवः ॥
Where rain, free from wind and unmingled with sunshine, falls so as to render three turns of ploughing possible, there the reaping of good harvest is certain.
english translation
vAtam Atapa yogaM ca vibhajan yatra varSati । trIn karISAMz ca janayaMs tatra sasya Agamo dhruvaH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscript