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यत्र ईश्वरांश् च अधिकृतांश् च राजा रक्षा उपकारौ पथिक अर्थम् आह । सर्वत्रगो नाम भवेत् स मार्गे देशे च सर्वत्र च वेदितव्यः ॥
When the king directs his viceroys (isvara) and other officers to protect and give material help to travellers either on roads or in the interior of the country, it is termed writ of general proclamation (sarvatraga lekha).
english translation
उपायाः साम उपप्रदान भेद दण्डाः ॥
Negotiation, bribery, causing dissension, and open attack are forms of stratagem (upáya).
english translation
तत्र साम पञ्चविधं - गुण संकीर्तनम्, सम्बन्ध उपाख्यानम्, परस्पर उपकार संदर्शनम्, आयति प्रदर्शनम्, आत्म उपनिधानम् इति ॥
Negotiation is of five kinds:— Praising the qualities (of an enemy), narrating the mutual relationship, pointing out mutual benefit, showing vast future prospects, and identity of interests.
english translation
तत्र अभिजन शरीर कर्म प्रकृति श्रुत द्रव्य आदीनां गुण ग्रहणं प्रशंसा स्तुतिर् गुण संकीर्तनम् ॥
When the family, person, occupation, conduct, learning, properties, etc. (of an enemy) are commended with due attention to their worth, it is termed praising the qualities (gunasankírthana).
english translation
ज्ञाति यौन मौख स्रौव कुल हृदय मित्र संकीर्तनं सम्बन्ध उपाख्यानम् ॥
When the fact of having agnates, blood-relations, teachers (maukha), priestly heirarchy (srauva), family, and friends in common is pointed out, it is known as narration of mutual relationship (sambandhópakhyána).
english translation