Surya Siddhanta
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अतस् तत्र दिनम् त्रिम्शन्नाडिकम् शर्वदी तथा । हानिवृद्धी सदा वामम् सुरासुरविभागयोः॥
Hence, in the latter situation, the day is of thirty nadis, and the night likewise : in the two hemispheres of the gods and demons there take place a deficiency and an excess, always opposed to one another.
english translation
मेषादौ तु सदा वृद्धिर् उदगुत्तरतो +अधिका। देवाम्शे च क्षपाहानिर् विपरीतम् तथासुरे॥
During the half-revolution beginning with Aries, there is always an excess of the day to the north, in the hemisphere of the gods—greater according to distance north—and a corresponding deficiency oT the night ; in the hemisphere of the demons, the reverse.
english translation
तुलादौ द्युनिशोर् वामम् क्षयवृद्धी तयोर् उभे । देशक्रान्तिवशान् नित्यम् तद्विज्ञानम् पुरोदितम्॥
In the half-revolution beginning with Libra, both the deficiency and excess of day and night in the two hemispheres are the opposite of this : the method of determining them; which is always dependent upon situation (deqa) and declination, has been before explained.
english translation
भूवृत्तम् क्रान्तिभागघ्नम् भगणाम्शविभाजितम् । अवाप्तयोजनैर् अर्को व्यक्षाद् यात्य् उपरिस्थितः॥
Multiply the earth’s circumference (5,059) by the sun’s declination (kränti) and divide it by 360—the result in yojanäs that we get gives us the place where the sun would be passing directly overhead at noon from the place of no-latitude.
english translation
परमापक्रमाद् एवम् योजनानि विशोधयेत् । भूवृत्तपादाच् छेषाणि यानि स्युर् योजनानि तैः॥
Subtract from a quarter of the earth's circumference the number of yojanas thus derived from the greatest declination : at the distance of the remaining number of yojanas.
english translation