Natyashastra
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पार्श्वोन्मुखी स्याद्वलिता ग्रीवाभेदैश्च वीक्षणे । निवृताभिमुखीभूता स्वस्थानाभिमुखादिषु ॥ १७६॥
Vāhitā is when the neck turns sideways, used in looking around. Nivṛttā is when the neck faces forward, indicating a return to one’s place or direction.
english translation
pArzvonmukhI syAdvalitA grIvAbhedaizca vIkSaNe । nivRtAbhimukhIbhUtA svasthAnAbhimukhAdiSu ॥ 176॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptइत्यादि लोकभावार्था ग्रीवाभङ्गैरनेकधा । ग्रीवाकर्माणि सर्वाणि शिरः कर्मानुगानि हि ॥१७७॥
Thus, the various gestures of the neck, representing different emotional states, are explained. All neck gestures follow the movements of the head.
english translation
ityAdi lokabhAvArthA grIvAbhaGgairanekadhA । grIvAkarmANi sarvANi ziraH karmAnugAni hi ॥177॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptशिरसः कर्मणः कर्म ग्रीवायाः सम्प्रवर्तते । इत्येतल्लक्षणं प्रोक्तं शीर्षोपाङ्गसमाश्रयम् । अङ्गकर्माणि शेषाणि गदतो मे निबोधत ॥ १७८॥
The actions of the neck arise from the actions of the head. This is the description of the connection between the head and its supporting limbs. Now, listen as I explain the actions of the remaining limbs.
english translation
zirasaH karmaNaH karma grIvAyAH sampravartate । ityetallakSaNaM proktaM zIrSopAGgasamAzrayam । aGgakarmANi zeSANi gadato me nibodhata ॥ 178॥
hk transliteration by Sanscript