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तं देशकालौ शक्तिं च विद्यां चावेक्ष्य तत्त्वतः । यथार्हतः सम्प्रणयेन्नरेष्वन्यायवर्तिषु ॥ १६ ॥
Having fully considered the time and the place (of the offence), the strength and the knowledge (of the offender), let him justly inflict that (punishment) on men who act unjustly.
english translation
स राजा पुरुषो दण्डः स नेता शासिता च सः । चतुर्णामाश्रमाणां च धर्मस्य प्रतिभूः स्मृतः ॥ १७ ॥
Punishment is (in reality) the king (and) the male, that the manager of affairs, that the ruler, and that is called the surety for the four orders’obedience to the law.
english translation
दण्डः शास्ति प्रजाः सर्वा दण्ड एवाभिरक्षति । दण्डः सुप्तेषु जागर्ति दण्डं धर्मं विदुर्बुधाः ॥ १८ ॥
Punishment alone governs all created beings, punishment alone protects them, punishment watches over them while they sleep; the wise declare punishment (to be identical with) the law.
english translation
समीक्ष्य स धृतः सम्यक् सर्वा रञ्जयति प्रजाः । असमीक्ष्य प्रणीतस्तु विनाशयति सर्वतः ॥ १९ ॥
If (punishment) is properly inflicted after (due) consideration, it makes all people happy; but inflicted without consideration, it destroys everything.
english translation
यदि न प्रणयेद् राजा दण्डं दण्ड्येष्वतन्द्रितः । शूले मत्स्यानिवापक्ष्यन् दुर्बलान् बलवत्तराः ॥ २० ॥
If the king did not, without tiring, inflict punishment on those worthy to be punished, the stronger would roast the weaker, like fish on a spit;
english translation