Charak Samhita

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/28/1

अथातो विविधाशितपीतीयमध्यायं व्याख्यास्यामः ||१||

sanskrit

Now we shall expound the chapter "Vividhashitapitiya" (Sequential effects of food and beverages).

english translation

athAto vividhAzitapItIyamadhyAyaM vyAkhyAsyAmaH ||1||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/28/2

इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः ||२||

sanskrit

Thus said Lord Atreya.

english translation

iti ha smAha bhagavAnAtreyaH ||2||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/28/3

विविधमशितं पीतं लीढं खादितं जन्तोर्हितमन्तरग्निसन्धुक्षितबलेन यथास्वेनोष्मणा सम्यग्विपच्यमानंकालवदनवस्थितसर्वधातुपाकमनुपहतसर्वधातूष्ममारुतस्रोतः केवलं शरीरमुपचयबलवर्णसुखायुषा योजयति शरीरधातूनूर्जयतिच| धातवो हि धात्वाहाराः प्रकृतिमनुवर्तन्ते ||३||

sanskrit

[Digestion process and its effects] Different types of wholesome foods ingested in the form of eatables, drinkables, lickables and masticables stimulate the antaragni (digestive process) and get properly digested by respective bhutagni (specific digestion as per basic constituent or element). Further in due course of time food gets transformed into different dhatu in presence of dhatvagni (tissue specific digestion and metabolism) and vata (vyana vayu) by the process of dhatvagnipaka or metabolism, nourishes the tissues through the channels of circulation without any interruption, and produces plumpness, strength, complexion, health and longevity. The tissues are sustained by getting fed by various nourishing factors (poshaka dhatu).

english translation

vividhamazitaM pItaM lIDhaM khAditaM jantorhitamantaragnisandhukSitabalena yathAsvenoSmaNA samyagvipacyamAnaMkAlavadanavasthitasarvadhAtupAkamanupahatasarvadhAtUSmamArutasrotaH kevalaM zarIramupacayabalavarNasukhAyuSA yojayati zarIradhAtUnUrjayatica| dhAtavo hi dhAtvAhArAH prakRtimanuvartante ||3||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/28/4

तत्राहारप्रसादाख्यो रसः किट्टं च मलाख्यमभिनिर्वर्तते| किट्टात् स्वेदमूत्रपुरीषवातपित्तश्लेष्माणः कर्णाक्षिनासिकास्यलोमकूपप्रजननमलाः केशश्मश्रुलोमनखादयश्चावयवाःपुष्यन्ति| पुष्यन्ति त्वाहाररसाद्रसरुधिरमांसमेदोस्थिमज्जशुक्रौजांसि पञ्चेन्द्रियद्रव्याणि धातुप्रसादसञ्ज्ञकानिशरीरसन्धिबन्धपिच्छादयश्चावयवाः| ते सर्व एव धातवो मलाख्याः प्रसादाख्याश्च रसमलाभ्यां पुष्यन्तः स्वं मानमनुवर्तन्ते यथावयःशरीरम्| एवं रसमलौ स्वप्रमाणावस्थितावाश्रयस्य समधातोर्धातुसाम्यमनुवर्तयतः| निमित्ततस्तु क्षीणवृद्धानां प्रसादाख्यानां धातूनां वृद्धिक्षयाभ्यामाहारमूलाभ्यां रसः साम्यमुत्पादयत्यारोग्याय, किट्टं चमलानामेवमेव| स्वमानातिरिक्ताः पुनरुत्सर्गिणः शीतोष्णपर्यायगुणैश्चोपचर्यमाणा मलाः शरीर धातुसाम्यकराः समुपलभ्यन्ते ||४||

sanskrit

[Metabolism, excretion, and homeostasis] The food gets transformed into two forms i.e. prasada or essence form (ahara rasa) and kitta (the waste form). The kitta part nourishes mala or excretory products like sweat, urine, stool, vata, pitta, kapha, excreta of the ear, nose, mouth, hair follicle, excreta of genital organs, scalp hair, beard, body hair, nails, etc. The essence part or ahara rasa nourishes body components (dhatu) like rasa dhatu (body fluids), rakta dhatu (blood), mamsa dhatu (flesh), meda dhatu (fat), asthi dhatu (bone), majja dhatu (bone marrow), shukra dhatu (reproductive elements like semen and ovum), oja (essence of the seven fundamental tissue elements), basic components of five sense organs, joints, ligaments, tendons and mucilage part in the body. All the mala (wastes) and dhatu (tissue elements) of the body are nourished by the waste part of food and essence of food or ahara rasa respectively. The rasadi dhatu and mala or waste products are nourished so that the quality is maintained according to the size and age of the body. Thus, after digestion, the essence and waste of food in their normal quantity maintain the equilibrium of tissues. The tissue elements may increase or decrease due to some etiology, which can be normalized by the essence part of digested food in decreased or increased quantity. Similarly, mala can be transformed into the waste part of ahara rasa. The waste products, when in excess, can be excreted and the status of the body can be brought to equilibrium through treatments with the therapies having opposite qualities like hot, cold, etc.

english translation

tatrAhAraprasAdAkhyo rasaH kiTTaM ca malAkhyamabhinirvartate| kiTTAt svedamUtrapurISavAtapittazleSmANaH karNAkSinAsikAsyalomakUpaprajananamalAH kezazmazrulomanakhAdayazcAvayavAHpuSyanti| puSyanti tvAhArarasAdrasarudhiramAMsamedosthimajjazukraujAMsi paJcendriyadravyANi dhAtuprasAdasaJjJakAnizarIrasandhibandhapicchAdayazcAvayavAH| te sarva eva dhAtavo malAkhyAH prasAdAkhyAzca rasamalAbhyAM puSyantaH svaM mAnamanuvartante yathAvayaHzarIram| evaM rasamalau svapramANAvasthitAvAzrayasya samadhAtordhAtusAmyamanuvartayataH| nimittatastu kSINavRddhAnAM prasAdAkhyAnAM dhAtUnAM vRddhikSayAbhyAmAhAramUlAbhyAM rasaH sAmyamutpAdayatyArogyAya, kiTTaM camalAnAmevameva| svamAnAtiriktAH punarutsargiNaH zItoSNaparyAyaguNaizcopacaryamANA malAH zarIra dhAtusAmyakarAH samupalabhyante ||4||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/28/5

तेषां तु मलप्रसादाख्यानां धातूनां स्रोतांस्ययनमुखानि| तानि यथाविभागेन यथास्वं धातूनापूरयन्ति| एवमिदं शरीरमशितपीतलीढखादितप्रभवम्| अशितपीतलीढखादितप्रभवाश्चास्मिञ् शरीरे व्याधयो भवन्ति| हिताहितोपयोगविशेषास्त्वत्र शुभाशुभविशेषकरा भवन्तीति ||५||

sanskrit

[Channels for the nourishment of tissues] The nourishing as well as excretory products enter different channels of circulation and nourish the respective dhatu. Thus, this body is maintained by the nourishment drawn from eatables, drinkables, linctuses, and chewable (food). The diseases could also be caused by these sources (i.e., eatables, etc.). Intake of wholesome and unwholesome food results in positive health and diseases respectively.

english translation

teSAM tu malaprasAdAkhyAnAM dhAtUnAM srotAMsyayanamukhAni| tAni yathAvibhAgena yathAsvaM dhAtUnApUrayanti| evamidaM zarIramazitapItalIDhakhAditaprabhavam| azitapItalIDhakhAditaprabhavAzcAsmiJ zarIre vyAdhayo bhavanti| hitAhitopayogavizeSAstvatra zubhAzubhavizeSakarA bhavantIti ||5||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/28/1

अथातो विविधाशितपीतीयमध्यायं व्याख्यास्यामः ||१||

sanskrit

Now we shall expound the chapter "Vividhashitapitiya" (Sequential effects of food and beverages).

english translation

athAto vividhAzitapItIyamadhyAyaM vyAkhyAsyAmaH ||1||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/28/2

इति ह स्माह भगवानात्रेयः ||२||

sanskrit

Thus said Lord Atreya.

english translation

iti ha smAha bhagavAnAtreyaH ||2||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/28/3

विविधमशितं पीतं लीढं खादितं जन्तोर्हितमन्तरग्निसन्धुक्षितबलेन यथास्वेनोष्मणा सम्यग्विपच्यमानंकालवदनवस्थितसर्वधातुपाकमनुपहतसर्वधातूष्ममारुतस्रोतः केवलं शरीरमुपचयबलवर्णसुखायुषा योजयति शरीरधातूनूर्जयतिच| धातवो हि धात्वाहाराः प्रकृतिमनुवर्तन्ते ||३||

sanskrit

[Digestion process and its effects] Different types of wholesome foods ingested in the form of eatables, drinkables, lickables and masticables stimulate the antaragni (digestive process) and get properly digested by respective bhutagni (specific digestion as per basic constituent or element). Further in due course of time food gets transformed into different dhatu in presence of dhatvagni (tissue specific digestion and metabolism) and vata (vyana vayu) by the process of dhatvagnipaka or metabolism, nourishes the tissues through the channels of circulation without any interruption, and produces plumpness, strength, complexion, health and longevity. The tissues are sustained by getting fed by various nourishing factors (poshaka dhatu).

english translation

vividhamazitaM pItaM lIDhaM khAditaM jantorhitamantaragnisandhukSitabalena yathAsvenoSmaNA samyagvipacyamAnaMkAlavadanavasthitasarvadhAtupAkamanupahatasarvadhAtUSmamArutasrotaH kevalaM zarIramupacayabalavarNasukhAyuSA yojayati zarIradhAtUnUrjayatica| dhAtavo hi dhAtvAhArAH prakRtimanuvartante ||3||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/28/4

तत्राहारप्रसादाख्यो रसः किट्टं च मलाख्यमभिनिर्वर्तते| किट्टात् स्वेदमूत्रपुरीषवातपित्तश्लेष्माणः कर्णाक्षिनासिकास्यलोमकूपप्रजननमलाः केशश्मश्रुलोमनखादयश्चावयवाःपुष्यन्ति| पुष्यन्ति त्वाहाररसाद्रसरुधिरमांसमेदोस्थिमज्जशुक्रौजांसि पञ्चेन्द्रियद्रव्याणि धातुप्रसादसञ्ज्ञकानिशरीरसन्धिबन्धपिच्छादयश्चावयवाः| ते सर्व एव धातवो मलाख्याः प्रसादाख्याश्च रसमलाभ्यां पुष्यन्तः स्वं मानमनुवर्तन्ते यथावयःशरीरम्| एवं रसमलौ स्वप्रमाणावस्थितावाश्रयस्य समधातोर्धातुसाम्यमनुवर्तयतः| निमित्ततस्तु क्षीणवृद्धानां प्रसादाख्यानां धातूनां वृद्धिक्षयाभ्यामाहारमूलाभ्यां रसः साम्यमुत्पादयत्यारोग्याय, किट्टं चमलानामेवमेव| स्वमानातिरिक्ताः पुनरुत्सर्गिणः शीतोष्णपर्यायगुणैश्चोपचर्यमाणा मलाः शरीर धातुसाम्यकराः समुपलभ्यन्ते ||४||

sanskrit

[Metabolism, excretion, and homeostasis] The food gets transformed into two forms i.e. prasada or essence form (ahara rasa) and kitta (the waste form). The kitta part nourishes mala or excretory products like sweat, urine, stool, vata, pitta, kapha, excreta of the ear, nose, mouth, hair follicle, excreta of genital organs, scalp hair, beard, body hair, nails, etc. The essence part or ahara rasa nourishes body components (dhatu) like rasa dhatu (body fluids), rakta dhatu (blood), mamsa dhatu (flesh), meda dhatu (fat), asthi dhatu (bone), majja dhatu (bone marrow), shukra dhatu (reproductive elements like semen and ovum), oja (essence of the seven fundamental tissue elements), basic components of five sense organs, joints, ligaments, tendons and mucilage part in the body. All the mala (wastes) and dhatu (tissue elements) of the body are nourished by the waste part of food and essence of food or ahara rasa respectively. The rasadi dhatu and mala or waste products are nourished so that the quality is maintained according to the size and age of the body. Thus, after digestion, the essence and waste of food in their normal quantity maintain the equilibrium of tissues. The tissue elements may increase or decrease due to some etiology, which can be normalized by the essence part of digested food in decreased or increased quantity. Similarly, mala can be transformed into the waste part of ahara rasa. The waste products, when in excess, can be excreted and the status of the body can be brought to equilibrium through treatments with the therapies having opposite qualities like hot, cold, etc.

english translation

tatrAhAraprasAdAkhyo rasaH kiTTaM ca malAkhyamabhinirvartate| kiTTAt svedamUtrapurISavAtapittazleSmANaH karNAkSinAsikAsyalomakUpaprajananamalAH kezazmazrulomanakhAdayazcAvayavAHpuSyanti| puSyanti tvAhArarasAdrasarudhiramAMsamedosthimajjazukraujAMsi paJcendriyadravyANi dhAtuprasAdasaJjJakAnizarIrasandhibandhapicchAdayazcAvayavAH| te sarva eva dhAtavo malAkhyAH prasAdAkhyAzca rasamalAbhyAM puSyantaH svaM mAnamanuvartante yathAvayaHzarIram| evaM rasamalau svapramANAvasthitAvAzrayasya samadhAtordhAtusAmyamanuvartayataH| nimittatastu kSINavRddhAnAM prasAdAkhyAnAM dhAtUnAM vRddhikSayAbhyAmAhAramUlAbhyAM rasaH sAmyamutpAdayatyArogyAya, kiTTaM camalAnAmevameva| svamAnAtiriktAH punarutsargiNaH zItoSNaparyAyaguNaizcopacaryamANA malAH zarIra dhAtusAmyakarAH samupalabhyante ||4||

hk transliteration

siva.sh/caraka-samhita/sutra-sthana/28/5

तेषां तु मलप्रसादाख्यानां धातूनां स्रोतांस्ययनमुखानि| तानि यथाविभागेन यथास्वं धातूनापूरयन्ति| एवमिदं शरीरमशितपीतलीढखादितप्रभवम्| अशितपीतलीढखादितप्रभवाश्चास्मिञ् शरीरे व्याधयो भवन्ति| हिताहितोपयोगविशेषास्त्वत्र शुभाशुभविशेषकरा भवन्तीति ||५||

sanskrit

[Channels for the nourishment of tissues] The nourishing as well as excretory products enter different channels of circulation and nourish the respective dhatu. Thus, this body is maintained by the nourishment drawn from eatables, drinkables, linctuses, and chewable (food). The diseases could also be caused by these sources (i.e., eatables, etc.). Intake of wholesome and unwholesome food results in positive health and diseases respectively.

english translation

teSAM tu malaprasAdAkhyAnAM dhAtUnAM srotAMsyayanamukhAni| tAni yathAvibhAgena yathAsvaM dhAtUnApUrayanti| evamidaM zarIramazitapItalIDhakhAditaprabhavam| azitapItalIDhakhAditaprabhavAzcAsmiJ zarIre vyAdhayo bhavanti| hitAhitopayogavizeSAstvatra zubhAzubhavizeSakarA bhavantIti ||5||

hk transliteration