Charak Samhita

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विट्श्लेष्मपित्तातिपरिस्रवाद्वा तैरेव वृद्धैः परिपीडनाद्वा| वेगैरुदीर्णैर्विहतैरधो वा बाह्यभिघातैरतिपीडनैर्वा ||४||

sanskrit

[Etio-pathogenesis of gulma] Following are the general causative factors of gulma: 1. Excessive excretion of feces, kapha and pitta or due to pressure exerted by their excessive aggravation, 2. Suppression of downward natural urges (like feces, flatus and urine), 3. Physical trauma, 4. By excessive pressure (on abdomen),

english translation

viTzleSmapittAtiparisravAdvA taireva vRddhaiH paripIDanAdvA| vegairudIrNairvihatairadho vA bAhyabhighAtairatipIDanairvA ||4||

hk transliteration