Arthashastra
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धान्य षड् भागं पण्य दश भागं हिरण्यं च अस्य भाग धेयं प्रकल्पयाम् आसुः ॥
and allotted one-sixth of the grains grown and one-tenth of merchandise as sovereign dues.
english translation
dhAnya SaD bhAgaM paNya daza bhAgaM hiraNyaM ca asya bhAga dheyaM prakalpayAm AsuH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptतेन भृता राजानः प्रजानां योग क्षेम आवहाः ॥
Fed by this payment, kings took upon themselves the responsibility of maintaining the safety and security of their subjects.
english translation
tena bhRtA rAjAnaH prajAnAM yoga kSema AvahAH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptतेषां किल्बिषम् अदण्ड करा हरन्त्य् अयोग क्षेम आवहाश् च प्रजानाम् ॥
and of being answerable for the sins of their subjects when the principle of levying just punishments and taxes has been violated.
english translation
teSAM kilbiSam adaNDa karA haranty ayoga kSema AvahAz ca prajAnAm ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptतस्माद् उञ्छ षड् भागम् आरण्यका अपि निर्वपन्ति "तस्य एतद् भाग धेयं यो अस्मान् गोपायति" इति ॥
Hence hermits, too, provide the king with one-sixth of the grains gleaned by them, thinking that „it is a tax payable to him who protects us.
english translation
tasmAd uJcha SaD bhAgam AraNyakA api nirvapanti "tasya etad bhAga dheyaM yo asmAn gopAyati" iti ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscriptइन्द्र यम स्थानम् एतद् राजानः प्रत्यक्ष हेड प्रसादाः ॥
It is the king in whom the duties of both Indra (the rewarder) and Yama (the punisher) are blended, and he is a visible dispenser of punishments and rewards (hedaprasáda); whoever disregards kings will be visited with divine punishments, too. Hence kings shall never be despised."
english translation
indra yama sthAnam etad rAjAnaH pratyakSa heDa prasAdAH ॥
hk transliteration by Sanscript